Japan strictly legislates 0 cases of rabies in 60 years, and French dog owners who are not immune will be severely punished according to the Southern Metropolis Daily.

How to promote civilized dog breeding abroad?

Heavy fines for abandonment, compulsory insurance, and electronic "identity cards"

Japan strictly enacted 60 years of 0 cases of rabies, and French dog owners who are not immunized will be severely punished

Since October, cities across the country have successively introduced norms for dog management and increased punishment, known as the "strictest dog management order". Dog diseases such as dog breeding without a license, walking dogs without a leash, not cleaning up dog feces, and not restricting the behavior of trained dogs in public are becoming factors affecting social harmony, and there are many cases of injuries and rabies caused by dogs.

Regulating uncivilized dog breeding has also increasingly become a concern of all countries. The reporter combed and found that in the realization of harmonious coexistence between people and dogs, many countries have explored some experience, and the formulation of strict legal provisions has become common.

Japan

Indiscriminate killing and arbitrary injury to animals is punishable by imprisonment for not more than one year and a fine

According to the World Health Organization, more than 95% of human rabies cases worldwide are caused by dog injuries. In 2017, China reported a total of 516 rabies deaths, the second highest incidence of rabies in the world after India. However, according to the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, since the enactment of the Rabies Prevention Act in 1950, the number of rabies cases in Japan has decreased sharply since 1951, and since 1958, there have been no cases of rabies.

According to the latest survey results of the Japan Pet Food Association, the number of dogs in Japan is 8.92 million, how to manage such a large number of dogs? Japan's legislation has played a crucial role.

The Rabies Prevention Act stipulates that domestic pet dogs and cats must be registered and must be vaccinated once a year against rabies, otherwise they will be fined up to 200,000 yen (about 12,300 yuan). Anyone who finds a wild dog on the street without a registration certificate and rabies vaccination certificate can call the local government health department, and the local government will send someone to culling the wild dog. Japan's Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has also promulgated animal physical examination rules, requiring governments at all levels to conduct detailed inspections of animals that die after biting and injuring people, dogs that die unnaturally and wild animals that die in traffic accidents.

In 2002, the Ministry of the Environment promulgated the Standards for the Feeding and Storage of Household Animals, etc. in accordance with the Animal Care management law. The standard provides more detailed provisions for the keeping and custody of dogs, including that dogs can only be kept on their own land and indoors surrounded by fences, and in places that do not cause harm or impact on the lives, bodies and property of others;

In Japan's Law on the Care and Management of Animals, indiscriminate killing and arbitrary injury to animals is punishable by imprisonment for up to one year, as well as a fine of 1 million yen and a fine of 300,000 yen for animal cruelty and abandonment.

Local governments in Japan have also enacted regulations on the management of animals. For example, the regulations of Ibaraki Prefecture stipulate that for certain large dogs, it is necessary to post signs for the breeding of specific dogs in a place that is easy to see, such as the entrance to the residence. If the dog harms others, it can be culled, confiscated, or required to wear mouth coverings and other measures to prevent harm.

Germany

Owners of large dogs are required to obtain a breeding license

Germany has a special Dog Law, which is enacted by the federal states and has basically the same content. In Berlin, for example, the owner must spend 50 euros to implant an electronic chip for each dog, recording the date of birth, the epidemic prevention situation and the owner's name and address.

Before adopting a large dog and a specific dog breed, the owner must participate in a theoretical test and obtain a breeding license before he has the right to keep a dog. In addition, according to the latest regulations promulgated in Berlin, pet dogs can only be purchased from authorized dog breeding centers or adopted at pet shelters, and pet shops only sell pet supplies and food, not pets. But dogs at kennel centers are so expensive that adoption rates in shelters have skyrocketed. When purchasing or adopting, the other party will strictly investigate the dog owner, ask about the motivation and experience of the dog, submit the necessary materials to prove that the economic conditions and home space can ensure the healthy life of the dog, and the unqualified person has no right to keep a dog.

If the dog causes an accident or injures someone, the dog owner will not only be punished by the law, but also be revoked the dog certificate. In order to give dogs only good behavior, many dog owners send their dogs to special "schools" for three months of training. The learning course includes the obedience training of the dog to the owner, the training of the dog not to be sensitive to external noise, the companion training of the dog and the person to live in harmony, and the dog's cognition and obedience training of various daily signs such as traffic lights. Because of the numerous incidents of injuries caused by dog attacks, many people have resorted to the courts because the amount of compensation is difficult to coordinate.

In order to solve such problems more efficiently, in Germany, every dog must be insured for any loss that may cause others. Dog owners must insure their dogs with "third party liability insurance", which is a mandatory insurance. Dog owners pay an annual premium of between €75 and €270 for their dog, up to €1 million in compensation in the event of an accident. When the dog "commits a crime", it only needs to explain the situation, go through the insurance claim procedure, and the two parties do not have to argue. Because of the nature of dogs to roam and defecate outdoors, they must pay a "dog tax" to subsidize municipal cleaning and maintenance costs. According to the regulations, the annual tax for the first dog in Berlin is 120 euros (about 950 yuan), and the second dog is 180 euros. Citizens who steal dogs without paying taxes or who do not declare their taxes in a timely manner will face fines of up to 10,000 euros (about 79,249 yuan) once they are investigated.

France

Illegal dog walking carries a maximum penalty of 6 months in prison

French people are famous for their dogs, but how to clean up dog feces everywhere, public dogs hurt people and other hidden dangers also come, in order to regulate the behavior of dog owners and dogs, the French government as early as the beginning of 1999 promulgated a law on regulating the behavior of family dogs, and then revised many times.

In the management of dogs in many places, timely application for dog licenses is the first step. The Handbook on Humane Management of Dogs, recently released by the World Society for the Protection of Animals, recommends the comprehensive promotion of electronic chip implantation to strengthen dog registration management.

The reporter previously reported that Guangzhou, Nanning and other cities in China have taken the lead in implementing canine electronic chip implantation. Dog electronic chip refers to a special electronic identity mark made by a special packaging process that can be safely implanted in the dog's body. Equivalent to an electronic "identity card", the unique dog individual can be accurately identified through the unique identification number in the chip, and various data such as dog breed, immunization, sterilization, registration management and so on are recorded.

In France, chip identification is a coercive measure. Each dog must be registered and documented, and at 6 months, a chip will be mandatory so that the pet can be tracked if it is lost. When going out, each dog is required to hang an identification plate with the owner's name, address and dog name, and if it is not listed, it will be regarded as a stray dog without a owner.

Dr. Sun Quanhui, a scientist at the World Association for the Protection of Animals, previously told reporters that the number of rabies deaths in China ranks among the highest in the world, which is closely related to the large number of stray dogs that have not been properly managed and the rabies vaccination rate is low. To form an immune barrier that prevents the spread and spread of rabies virus, the immunity rate of dogs needs to reach more than 70%.

In France, dogs must be immunized from 2 months, and if they do not fight, the owner of the dog will be severely punished.

In addition, the French government will euthanize unvaccinated and unlearned dogs as soon as they are found.

Similar to the banned dog breeds issued by many cities in China, France has promulgated laws since 1999, which are divided into two categories according to the habits of dogs. Assault dogs, including bulldogs and mastiffs, are not allowed to appear in public or use public transport, and if violated, are punishable by 6 months' imprisonment and a fine of up to 15,000 euros.

The second category is defensive dogs, including the Staffordshire Bullfighting, the American Stevie County Terrier, the Tosa Mastiff and the German-bred Rottweiler Hound. In contrast, they can take public transportation such as subways and buses, but there are also some restrictions, such as small dogs need to be placed in bags or cages smaller than 45 centimeters in length. Large dogs are required to purchase a specific ticket and wear a muzzle mask and a leash at the same time.

In other public places, French dogs are not everywhere. The Jardin du Luxembourg in the sixth arrondissement of Paris stipulates that pet dog owners can only walk their dogs on the boulevards of two of the streets, provided they are leashed. Green spaces in 20 districts of Paris have similar regulations, strictly limiting the range of dogs.

In addition, in order to prevent the large amount of feces produced by pet dogs from polluting the environment, the Paris municipality issued a decree to force dog owners who walk dogs in public places to remove pet feces in a timely manner, and violators will be fined a high fine of 180-450 euros.

<h1> According to the Southern Metropolis Daily</h1>