In 1969, a major event occurred in China that shocked the world, the whole country entered a state of first-level combat readiness, all the people were ready for war, everywhere began to dig air raid shelters, the situation was once tense to the extreme, and the reason why China did this was that the Soviet Union at that time threatened to destroy China with nuclear weapons and erase China from the world map, because the Soviet Union's words also made the world situation tense, and all countries were worried that the Soviet Union would cause a third world war. The impact on the world is enormous, so why did the Soviet Union launch a nuclear strike against China? How is China responding? What did Chairman Mao say to the Soviet Union? Let's go into 1969 and learn why the Soviet Union launched a nuclear strike against China.
The Soviet Union tore its face
Since the founding of New China, as an important part of the socialist camp, the Soviet Union and China have always helped each other, in 1953, with the sudden death of Stalin, the friendly relations between China and the Soviet Union that had been maintained for half a century collapsed instantly, and Khrushchev, who had just taken office, was ambitious and wanted to divide the world equally with the United States, demanding that all socialist countries must rely on the Soviet Union for development, including China, that is, if China agreed to Khrushchev's request, Whether it is the formulation and implementation of state policies or the development of the economy, it must be adjusted according to the requirements of the Soviet Union, and when necessary, it is necessary to serve and make concessions to the Soviet Union, and China has also become a colony of the Soviet Union in disguise.
After learning of Chairman Mao's choice, Khrushchev was furious and extremely angry, believing that it was The supreme honor of China to become a vassal of the Soviet Union and let the Soviet Union dominate the world, and that any country that wanted to stop the Soviet Union was the soviet union's greatest enemy, and they would do whatever it took to erase the country and nation from the world map.
Battle of Treasure Island
Since ancient times, Zhenbao Island is an inseparable territory of China, Zhenbao Island is located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province, the east of Zhenbao Island and the Soviet Union across the river, only less than 400 meters away, the north was originally connected with the Chinese mainland, in 1915, under the long-term erosion of the river, formed a small island, because the two pointed, wide in the middle, and the ancient Chinese Yuanbao is very similar, so named Zhenbao Island.
In the areas bordering the two countries, there are often territorial disputes, which were originally very normal, in the early days of the founding of the country, the relations between China and the Soviet Union were very friendly, especially after the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the relations between the two countries reached their peak, under such a close relationship, the border as the subject naturally does not matter, but the good times are not long, with the replacement of the Soviet leader and the change of policy, China and the Soviet Union have diverged, the relations between the two countries have gradually become tense, especially on the Sino-Indian border issue, the Soviet Union chose to favor India and give India a lot of help. It abruptly terminated all aid projects with China, including the recall of all Soviet experts in the project, and in this situation, the border issue became an important factor in the Soviet Union's achievement of its own goals.
Since 1964, the Soviet Union has been continuously mobilizing troops to the Sino-Soviet border area, according to the data, from 1964 to 1969, the border incident provoked by the Soviet Union, there were more than 4,000 cases, in 1969, driving armored vehicles, armed With weapons, the Soviet army landed on Zhenbao Island and severely beat the Chinese soldiers stationed on Zhenbao Island, the Chinese government repeatedly warned the Soviet army to stop this behavior and withdraw from Zhenbao Island, but the Soviet army did not care about this, and in one operation, killed six soldiers, and China was forced to counterattack in self-defense.
At that time, although the number of Chinese soldiers and The Soviet army was not much different, but the weapons and equipment could not be compared, the Soviet army had already achieved mechanization, and the Chinese soldiers did not even have the same standard weapons, but in such a situation, the Soviet army on Zhenbao Island was completely annihilated, the Soviet Union of course would not tolerate such an ending, once again sent troops to invade Zhenbao Island, under the wise command of chinese commanders and fighters, the Soviet army was repulsed again, and then, the Soviet army carried out the third attack, it was also in this battle, China captured a Soviet tank, which became an important experimental object for China to study tanks, and it is the best proof of the Soviet Union's attempt to invade China.
The Soviet Union planned to use nuclear weapons against China
Due to the heavy losses suffered in the Battle of Zhenbao Island, the Soviet Union began to increase troops frantically on the Sino-Soviet border, and the total strength reached a terrifying 1.18 million people, in the Kremlin, most of the Soviet generals demanded revenge on China with nuclear weapons, the Soviet Union published an article in the press: The Soviet Union has the world's most modern military technology, extremely lethal and powerful means of using these weapons, once shot, no country can stop the Soviet attack, Soviet military newspapers also issued a statement saying that they wanted to give China a devastating nuclear strike, and for a time, the cloud of nuclear strikes hung over China, and China did not know about it at this time.
Before preparing to use nuclear weapons against China, the Soviet Union also took into account one uncertainty, the United States. The United States was one of the most powerful countries in the world at that time, there were more than 250,000 troops stationed in Asia alone, once the Soviet Union used nuclear weapons against China, the United States would inevitably take advantage of the fire, the Soviet ambassador to the United States urgently met with the United States Secretary of State Kissinger, explained to him that the Soviet Union intended to carry out a "surgical precision nuclear strike" against China, and the Soviet Union also expressed that it did not want the United States to participate in this matter.
China and the United States reached an agreement
Kissinger reported to US President Nixon the intentions of the Soviet Union, Nixon held an emergency meeting, after consultation, Nixon believes that the biggest problem of the United States, in fact, comes from the Soviet Union, if you sit back and watch the Soviet Union become strong, the United States will definitely be attacked by the Soviet Union, China's existence and strength, in line with the strategic significance of the United States, and the United States has 250,000 troops stationed in Asia, if a nuclear war breaks out, it will seriously damage the lives of the US military, in this consideration, Nixon immediately decided, The idea of the Soviet Union's planned use of nuclear weapons against China was immediately conveyed to China, but in the past three decades, China and the United States have accumulated long-standing grievances, not even a telephone line, and directly told China that Chairman Mao would not believe it, but would think that the United States was planning some conspiracy and trickery. Nixon decided to change the relationship between China and the United States, enhance mutual trust, and in the face of the powerful Soviet Union, China must also need the United States as an ally to contain and attack the Soviet Union, Nixon through a newspaper, published a shocking news, the Soviet Union will use nuclear weapons against China, the content of the message is written like this: The Soviet Union will use medium-range ballistic missiles, carrying millions of tons of nuclear warheads, to carry out "surgical nuclear strikes" on China's missile launch bases and important industrial cities such as Beijing and Changchun. I have to say that Nixon's behavior is extremely clever, the news was published by an unknown newspaper in the United States, so people see this news and think that this newspaper is sensationalizing, wanting to attract attention and gain popularity, but Chairman Mao keenly captured Nixon's true intentions from it, after the Battle of Treasure Island, Chairman Mao thought of the possibility of nuclear war, and took the strengthening of military strength as the main focus of work, after getting accurate information, Chairman Mao and Nixon had telephone communication. The two sides agreed on the use of nuclear weapons by the Soviet Union, and the U.S. move poured cold water on the Soviets who were trying to strike China.
In August 1969, Zhou Enlai found Chairman Mao and reported to him the current Sino-Soviet form, believing that the situation was uncontrollable and that the war was about to break out, but Chairman Mao did not have the slightest sense of anxiety, calmly and calmly, and returned: "Isn't it just a nuclear war, the atomic bomb is very powerful, but I am not afraid, I believe, you are not afraid". The reason why Chairman Mao was so calm was actually that in his heart, he had already planned an unusually crazy plan, but the loss of this plan was too serious, and Chairman Mao would not start this plan until the country was alive and dead.
Chairman Mao believed that the atomic bomb that china had just developed could be used to deter the Soviet Union, and on September 28 and 29, 1969, the seismic monitoring centers of the United States and the Soviet Union and the satellites simultaneously collected a vibration signal with huge energy, and they immediately made a judgment that China had successfully conducted an underground nuclear test, but what made the United States and the Soviet Union feel strange was that in the next few days, they did not get any news about the success of China's nuclear weapons test, as if it was not China that succeeded in the nuclear test. This is very different from China's previous tests, which were actually deliberately done by China to show the Soviet Union that China is not completely immune.
However, although China's nuclear test was successful, but the deterrent effect on the Soviet Union was very limited, the Soviet Union at that time had more than 40,000 nuclear weapons, but also had a large number of hydrogen bombs, including 50 million tons of doomsday weapons "Tsar Hydrogen Bomb", China's nuclear weapons power, for the Soviet Union at that time, can not cause too much damage, so even if China has its own nuclear weapons, but the Soviet Union does not intend to terminate the use of nuclear weapons against China.
At the meeting, many of China's founding marshals and generals said that if the Soviet Union dared to use nuclear weapons against us, we dared to launch nuclear weapons at the Soviet Union, and the atomic bomb was not enough, so we launched them while producing, but Chairman Mao carefully listened to everyone's opinions and expressed his opposition to the launch of nuclear weapons to the Soviet Union on the spot. Powerful capabilities will completely destroy China, and China's future will be cut off from now on, so why don't we launch a nuclear counterattack against the Soviet Union?
Crazy plan
In the face of the questions of the generals, Chairman Mao explained the reasons and announced the crazy decision he had planned, Chairman Mao believed that using nuclear weapons to confront the Soviet Union was undoubtedly the most foolish way to do so, and that China's strength was simply not enough to confront the Soviet Union, and the best result was to lose both sides, and to be able to survive in the dead was the best choice. Nuclear radiation is irresistible, we must find a new land", a general asked: "Where do we go to find a new land that can accommodate 400 million people"? Chairman Mao said: "Isn't the new land just around the corner, the Soviet Union can attack any piece of China's land with nuclear weapons, but they will never attack their own land, once a nuclear war breaks out, all Chinese troops must rush into the territory of the Soviet Union at the first time, attack the Soviet Union with all their might, followed by forty million Chinese people, all rushing into the Soviet Union, although the Soviet Union's military strength is very strong, but it is undoubtedly a fool's dream to annihilate all the Chinese, once the Chinese military and civilians enter the territory of the Soviet Union. We can rely on the complex terrain and environment of the Soviet Union to carry out guerrilla warfare, and protracted warfare, and it is not impossible to die where nuclear radiation is everywhere, and it is not impossible to rush into the territory of the Soviet Union to fight, but to seek a glimmer of life, and even to solve the soviet behemoth."
At that time, the leadership of the Central Committee was basically a master of fighting guerrilla warfare, almost all of them had participated in the Long March, had rich experience in guerrilla warfare, and fighting guerrilla warfare in the territory of the Soviet Union was really not a difficult task for them, after listening to Chairman Mao's plan, the conference room was silent, all the people were shocked, they could not imagine that they could still fight like this, when everyone carefully recalled Chairman Mao's plan, they found that this plan was completely feasible, although the casualties in the early stage would be very large, but once they entered the Soviet Union, Without the blow of nuclear weapons, they can turn a dead end into a way to live, and they have such confidence.
At this time, someone raised a question: "We all rushed into the Soviet Union, so what about our nuclear weapons?" After listening to it, Chairman Mao said a more shocking idea: "Before entering the territory of the Soviet Union, we will launch all nuclear weapons to the US military station, the United States has 250,000 troops stationed in Asia, once the Sino-Soviet war begins, the US military will definitely react, although nixon and Nixon reached an agreement on the face of the Soviet Union, but we can not fully trust them, it is better to directly annihilate them all, even if the United States wants to retaliate against China." At that time, we had all entered the territory of the Soviet Union, and the territory of China was already empty, and once the US military launched an attack on the Chinese in the Territory of the Soviet Union, it would definitely cause great losses to the Soviet Union.
Such a crazy idea, only Chairman Mao dared to think, and only Chairman Mao put forward it, the United States and the Soviet Union would believe that it was late at night after the meeting, and at the behest of Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai sent the decision of the meeting to the United States and the Soviet Union, and after receiving the news, the United States and the Soviet Union were suddenly stunned, and Nixon could not have dreamed that once the Soviet Union carried out a nuclear attack on China, the US Pacific base would be attacked by Chinese nuclear weapons. Chairman Mao is a man who uses troops to be fickle, never plays cards according to the routine, and as long as he can think of it, he dares to practice it, and the probability of success of this plan is very large, and we cannot gamble.
The Soviet Union took the initiative to back down
In order to avoid unnecessary trouble, the United States decided to go all out to prevent the Soviet Union from using nuclear weapons against China; at the same time, the Soviet Union was also holding an emergency meeting, and although they understood Chairman Mao's plan very well, they had no means to deal with it, they could not use nuclear weapons against themselves in order to destroy China, and for guerrilla warfare, the Soviet Union had no experience at all.
During the meeting of the United States and the Soviet Union, China was not idle at all, in order to ensure safety, Chairman Mao and others transferred their office addresses, there is a command center, which can defend against atomic bombs, the whole country has entered a state of first-level combat readiness, most enterprises have turned to the direction of military industry, factories have begun to migrate to inaccessible mountainous areas, cities have also begun to dig fortifications, thousands of people have carried out air defense drills, in Beijing alone, every day there are 300,000 people involved in war readiness labor, they are in the courtyard, in the office, The room dug an air raid shelter, forming a network of tunnels where every family has a hole, and the hole is connected, and the United States is also afraid that the Soviet Union will cause huge losses to the United States once it is strong, so Kissinger said in a conversation with the Soviet ambassador to the United States: "If China suffers a nuclear strike, the United States will immediately start a third world war", the United States at that time also has more than thirty thousand nuclear weapons, once carried out, the United States and the Soviet Union can destroy each other countless times, and it is precisely for this reason that both sides dare not use nuclear weapons unscrupulously. Under the pressure of the crazy plans of the United States and Chairman Mao, the Soviet Union finally took the initiative to retreat, and they did not dare to gamble that if it really did what Chairman Mao and the United States said, then the Soviet Union would cease to exist.
In order to prevent the Soviet Union from disagreeing, in 1972, China and the United States formally established diplomatic relations, and at this point, China completely got rid of the haze of nuclear weapons.
This is the story of Chairman Mao's success in getting the Soviet Union to stop carrying out nuclear strikes against China through calmness and wisdom. Welcome to leave a message in the comment area, we will discuss together to restore more historical truths. Today's article ends here, thank you for reading, we will see you next time, thank you.