"Mr. Pei" serial (Zheng Biao / author) | Guo Jingchun: the "lonely master" behind Pei Yanling
Wu Sound Building2019-03-08 Concern
Postscript
Guo Jingchun: Behind Pei Yanling
"Lonely Master"
At 15:00 on November 19, 2015, it was undoubtedly an extremely important life node for Guo Jingchun, a famous martial artist of Peking Opera who was about to celebrate his ninetieth birthday. At that moment, Guo Jingchun received the big red certificate and golden plaque of the "Hebei Drama Lifetime Achievement Award" from the hands of Bian Faji, vice chairman of the Hebei Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and Xie Xiaoyong, secretary of the Party Group of the Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Circles. This is also the second time that the Hebei Dramatists Association has awarded the same award after the Hebei Zizi performance artist Qi Huatan. In order to congratulate Mr. Guo Jingchun on the 80th anniversary of his career in the arts, the series of folding plays entitled "Lan Yun Changchun National Essence Soul" was unveiled at the same time, and his personal and re-transmission disciples took turns to present their best plays for three consecutive nights. The exquisite and heavy large-scale picture album "Wusheng Guo Jingchun" was also released on the same day.
The venue for the ceremony is the Pei Yanling Grand Theatre, named after her proud disciple Pei Yanling, a world-renowned master of Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera, and Hebei Zizi Performing Arts. Guo Jingchun, who was old in his old age, must have a different taste in his heart.
However, at the moment of honor, the old gentleman who had tasted the bitterness of life and had long looked down on honor and humiliation was not shocked. However, Pei Yanling, who has seen countless big scenes, "did not open her mouth and did not let people cry" when she made an impromptu speech, and wiped her tears before speaking: "All the aura on my body is (plated) (gold) by my mentor Mr. Guo Jingchun." I am almost seventy years old, but in front of him I will always be a child, dare not say old, especially in art do not dare to have a little pride. ”
This award is not Mr. Kwok's first honour. Seventy years ago, the Great Wusheng, who had the reputation of "Living Stone Show" for his performance of "Three Dozen Zhujiazhuang", won the first prize as an actor in the first opera observation and performance conference in Hebei Province in 1954 for playing Gao Pet in "Picking A Scooter". In 1995, Guo Jingchun, who was a rare man, also won the first prize of the first national middle-aged and elderly opera performance for playing Wu Song in "Centipede Ridge".
In fact, this award and that award, Mr. Guo does not attach much importance to. The most proud and important "work" of his life is undoubtedly his disciple Pei Yanling. He is the "lonely master" standing behind Pei Yanling.
Escape from the sea of fire
On January 17, 1926, Guo Jingchun was born in an ordinary family in Beijing. His father, Guo Hongtu, was born in the Opera Banla Peking Opera Erhu, and his mother was a housewife. Guo Jingchun's big name is Guo Jiguang, and his nickname is Baozhu. The name "Guo Jingchun" was given by the owner of the Peking Opera class more than ten years later.
At that time, the families of opera artists, if they did not sing famous characters, earned money to support their families, and most of them lived a life of displacement. The degree of hardship is unimaginable to today. In order to survive, most of the descendants of artists will inherit their father's business. Therefore, Guo Jingchun naturally embarked on the road of art.
In 1933, Guo Jingchun lived with his parents in Dalian, Liaoning Province, and was arranged by his family to learn martial arts under Gao Deyu, a famous martial arts leader in northeast China. Gao Deyu and his wife were childless under their knees, and treated Xiao Baozhu as if they were their own. He is demanding in his studies and cares about his life. Although Guo Jingchun is young, "God appreciates rice and eats" is a piece of material for learning drama. By the second year, Guo Jingchun had learned a lot of martial arts drama.
On the third night of the first lunar month in 1937, the eleven-year-old Guo Jingchun performed at the "Manchurian Stage" in Andong County (now Dandong City) in Liaoning Province. At about 20:20, the backstage suddenly caught fire, and when it was young, it was already a thick smoke billowing and the stage was chaotic. According to statistics afterwards, less than a hundred people survived in the theater with about a thousand people. It is said that this fire was listed as one of the eight major fires in the world that year, and the governor lost his office for it.
It turned out that in order to keep warm after the apprentice's performance, Gao Deyu filled a few more pieces of bituminous coal into the stove in the makeup room, and then locked the door and went to the front desk to see Guo Jingchun's "Killing the Four Doors". Unexpectedly, the big bituminous coal fire broke out, and the paper paste was roasted on the plate wall, and the fire spread, causing disaster. Knowing that a catastrophe was imminent, Gao Deyu picked up his dazed little apprentice and fled to Dalian overnight.
Soon, Guo Jingchun and his master Gao Deyu dispersed. The young Guo Jingchun lived a wandering life of singing alone in class.
Tianhua Jingwu was born in the first spring
The year after the fire escape, Guo Jingchun was discovered by a "star scout". The scout's name is Li Tieru, Gong Wujing. In fact, where is the scout, is a senior actor, due to the long-term stage acting, has a unique eye to discover artistic talents. After being led by Li Tieru, who cherished talent and was enthusiastic, Guo Jingchun was able to worship under Li Lanting's door.
Who is Li Lanting? With the same name as Gai Tian, the "Wusheng Shizu" who has the reputation of "South Gai Bei Li" is also. Li Lanting's ancestral home is Han Village, Yongqing County, Hebei Province, and in his early years he acted in the south, enjoyed a big name, and now specializes in teaching. In this way, Guo Jingchun became Li Lanting's hand apprentice. At this time, Liang Huichao, Li Lanting's proud disciple, returned home to visit his relatives due to his mother's illness, so that Li Lanting's drama class did not have a leading role. Helplessly, Li Lanting, who had been in the "long battle front", had to return to the stage with his wife and Yang Jinxiang, an actor of Daoma Huadan, to earn money to make a living.
The arrival of Guo Jingchun was like sending charcoal in the snow to Li Lanting's class society. Guo Jingchun has been studying art for more than four years and can perform many plays, and Li Lanting has been cutting his body day and night for him, rapping and reading, taking dragons to correct deviations, and was soon pushed to the position of picking Liang Wusheng. Li Lanting was also a strict teacher, and his harshness was even greater than that of Gao Deyu. For just one example, in 2005, Mr. Guo personally mentioned to this writer that when he was studying under Li Lanting's door, he couldn't stand it because he was tired from practicing and wanted to hang himself on the toilet, but he was found twice and did not die.
In the autumn of 1939, because Master Li Lanting was recruited to teach in the tianjin Jigu Society's children's class, Guo Jingchun was able to enter the Science And Audit Society, and was the second section of the "Cheng" character, with the name of "Guo Chengrong". Jigushe is the most famous Peking Opera class in Tianjin, founded by Gao Bohai in 1935. Because the location is in the Tianhuajing Theater on the upper floor of the persuasion field, it is also known as the Tianhuajing Drama Society.
Zheng Yongchun and Guo Jingchun were Li Lanting's senior disciples, and they were both Pei Yanling's teachers
At this time, it was precisely when the young martial arts students Li Wanchun and Li Shaochun were in the middle of the country. Gao Bohai also deliberately changed the pick liang Wusheng in his class to the word "Spring", and also brought one of the words "Tianhuajing". Because the names of the head scientists of the Jigu Society are all "Hua" characters, the word "Hua" is already used, and the word "Jing" is used. There is "scenery" and "spring", which means that "Tianhuajing" is always spring.
Since then, "Guo Chengrong" has become "Guo Jingchun", which is the "first spring" for Tianhua Jingwusheng. Coupled with the later Li Dachun and Li Yuanchun, there is a saying of "Tianhua Jingwusheng Sanchun".
After leaving the Jigu Society, Guo Jingchun joined the old drama team of the Eleventh Division of the Hebei Central Military Region of the Eighth Route Army to pick Liang Wusheng.
Meet Pei Yanling
In January 1959, hebei province Hebei Yizi Youth Leap Forward Troupe was officially established, and all kinds of dramas in the province were selected for a while, and famous artists were selected to coach and guide the training of young actors. Peking opera actor Guo Jingchun thus became a martial arts teacher of the Zizi Opera Troupe.
The brilliant movement of Guo Jingchun's stage career has written a rest since entering the Yuejin Theater Company to teach. Guo Jingchun is in his early thirties, and it is the year of the performance, and it is a pity that the stage was released prematurely. As a result, the Chinese Pear Garden lacks a Great Wusheng who may be comparable to his predecessors. Fortunately, at this time, Pei Yanling appeared.
Guo Jingchun taught Pei Yanling's "Pinggui Bei Kiln" jia zhansheng photography
The intersection of Guo Jingchun and his disciple Pei Yanling's life is divided into two stages. One is after 1960 and about six years before the Cultural Revolution; the other is from 1990 to the present.
Just after the Spring Festival in 1960, Pei Yanling, who was less than thirteen years old at the time, was also selected to "Leap Forward". Pei Yanling is an old student of Peking Opera, and due to her solid skills, she can also sing a lot of martial arts dramas. In 1959, he led the Shulu County Peking Opera Troupe to perform in four theaters in Tianjin for a month, two times a day, and the limelight was unparalleled. After coming to "Yuejin", due to the great difference between the singing methods of Zizi and Peking Opera, it was difficult for Pei Yanling to adapt to the literary drama with high requirements for singing in a short period of time, so she was assigned to the Wusheng group to learn art from Guo Jingchun.
Pei Yanling was later known for her martial arts, and Guo Jingchun was the most famous. Before meeting Guo Jingchun, Pei Yanling had not officially entered the class, and there were many irregularities in her body movements, and she always took a county-level theater troupe, which was not exaggerated. Although he took the stage at the age of five, picked up the beams at the age of nine, and became popular all the way, objectively speaking, it is not unrelated to his being a woman and a child. "You've seen something so small, you've never seen such a good one. You've seen something so good, you've never seen such a small one. Guo Jingchun was taught by a generation of grandmasters Li Lanting, and he was also trained in the Jigu Society, and he was good at long and short. For Pei Yanling to correct the irregular movements, Guo Jingchun made great efforts to make her gradually step onto the right track. According to Pei Yanling's personal conditions, Guo Jingchun also taught her plays such as "Shi Xiu Tanzhuang", "Lin Chong Night Running", and "Eight Sledgehammers". The duo's joint efforts soon paid off. In late June 1960, yuejin troupe launched Guo Jingchun's new play "Baolian Lantern", in which Guo Jingchun served as a martial arts design and rehearsal teacher, and Pei Yanling played Shen Xiang, which became a hit.
Over time, the master and disciple also developed a mutual affection. Both of them came from the Peking Opera Troupe, and they were not very "cold" to Hebei Zizi, in the words of Pei Yanling, "You think, his business is so good, he taught me so well, and he has pity for the same disease, can you not get together?" ”
Pei Yanling is a high person behind the "original industry returned to the ancestors"
"Looking back at the oblique shadow of the western mountains, it is really difficult to cross the lonely guests at the end of the world." Guo Jingchun really became the Lin Chong who was assigned to the "rush to the deserted suburbs", and he paid the price for this "unrequited love". In 1966, under a paper order, he was dismissed from public office, sent to the countryside, and settled in the west five villages of Boxiang, Xinji City, Hebei Province, where his wife Duan Lanying's hometown was located. "Tongyun locks the mountains and rivers darkly, and the sparse forests are deserted and withered." The past is haunting and difficult to discharge, and the deserted village sells wine to comfort and worry. "The end of the world has fallen, the four seas are home, and they live by teaching drama." In 1982, some people remembered this handsome martial artist of that year, when Guo Jingchun was transferred back to the capital of Hebei Province, he was already fifty-six, and the golden year had passed, and he lived up to the courage of that year.
In 1990, Guo Jingchun was invited by Pei Yanling to rehearse a play at the Hebei Wuzi Theater in Hebei Province.
At this time, Pei Yanling was no longer the ignorant girl who had just opened her heart and did not understand the world. In life, after experiencing wind and frost, rain and snow, he has become a wife and mother; artistically, through the hit screenings of three movies in 1976's "Baolian Lantern", 1983's "Nezha", and 1988's "Man, Ghost And Love", it has become famous, especially because of the birth of the drama "Zhong Kui" in 1985, and it is praised by the drama master Cao Yu as a "national treasure of Pear Garden".
In the same year, Pei Xiaoling, the daughter of Pei Yanling, graduated from art school. Guo Jingchun taught Pei Xiaoling to learn the two plays of "Eight Sledgehammers" and "Night Run" in between rehearsing plays for Pei Yanling. In 1991, CCTV held the Spring Festival Opera Gala for the first time, Pei Xiaoling and her mother appeared together, played Lin Chong, and performed the "Night Run" segment, which was rumored to be a beautiful talk for a while.
In the summer of 1996, the relationship between Guo Jingchun and Pei Yanling escalated and became husband and wife, ending Pei Yanling's six-year single state, and Guo Jingchun also entered the third marriage.
Guo Jingchun and Pei Yanling Jia Zhansheng
Pei Yanling returned to Peking Opera from Hebei Zizi, and Guo Jingchun played an important role: "Sooner or later, you still have to 'return to the original industry', otherwise, you talent, you material will be a pity." When Guo Jingchun first said this, Pei Yanling did not understand the deep meaning: "I have already 'called the king the master' in the Zizi Realm, I am counted as a prince, so what else do I run?" He said, if you don't sing Peking Opera, you won't be able to reach the highest point of art. ”
The speaker has intentions, and the listener has a heart. Since then, Pei Yanling has "practiced whipping behind the mountain", re-"sat in the department", and lived in the chanting of Yu Shuyan and Meng Xiaodong every day. In July 1997, the Pei Yanling Peking Opera Troupe of Hebei Peking Opera House was established. Pei Yanling, who has been immersed in the field of Hebei Zizi for thirty-seven years and has gained a great reputation, has returned to Peking Opera and "returned to the original industry". From more than 60 years of art, Pei Yanling has created one legend after another in the theater world.
Pei Yanling believes that behind every celebrity, there is a high person without a name, a capable person. He has no luck in becoming famous, but he goes from IQ to level to theory, absolutely above this celebrity. Guo Jingchun was undoubtedly the tall man standing behind Pei Yanling. "In this merit book, there can be no one without the name of Guo Jingchun." I can't get along with Teacher Guo, I can't be separated, and the main reason why I toss and turn together is because of this little work on the stage. ”
In addition to his proud disciple Pei Yanling, Guo Jingchun has been peach and plum all over the world, and his beneficiaries have spread all over Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera, Hebei Zizi, Commentary, Silk Strings, Yu Opera and other dramas. He had four sons and a daughter under his knees. The youngest son, Guo Yantingzi, inherited his father's business and served as Liang Wusheng in the Shijiazhuang Peking Opera Troupe. Granddaughter Guo Yizhu graduated from the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and played for the National Peking Opera Theatre.
In recent years, the elderly Guo Jingchun still regards teaching drama as a top priority, and carefully teaches Xie Han, a female disciple of his apprentice Sun and Pei Yanling. Today' Xie Han looks like Little Pei Yanling.
Sincerely wish Mr. Guo Jingchun good health and old age!
November 29, 2015
This article was originally published in Yanzhao Metropolis Daily on November 29, 2015, and was later reprinted by Hebei Pictorial, Cultural Hebei and other magazines.
"Mr. Pei" Author: Zheng Biao