Huang Tingjian's book "Gift to Zhang Datong Volume and Tail" (Part 1)
Huang Tingjian is a famous calligrapher, and Su Shi, Mi Fu, Cai Xiang and called the "Song Four Family". "History of the Song Dynasty: The Biography of Huang Tingjian" records: "(Huang Tingjian) good deeds, cursive writing, and regular law are also a family of their own. His "Gift to Zhang Datong Volume Bawei" (the title is also "Shu Han Yu Sends Meng Jiao Preface to Zhang Datong") is widely circulated and is one of his representative works.
Huang Tingjian is his nephew Yazhou Zhang Datong
The calligraphy treasure "Gift to Zhang Datong Scroll and Tail" is still well preserved, and the post reads as follows:
In the first month of the third year of Yuan Fu, Ding Youhui, nephew Zhang Datong of Yazhou will return, come to beg for books, and have abdominal diseases. Datong is interested in the ancient text, so it is left behind, and Shi Fu Weng moved from southern Qiannan to the thorny road for three years. The apartment is on the side of Tu'er Village in the south of the city, Peng Zhu Yu, the same path as the Shrew, but quite a teenager to the article Han Mo is strong, there is still a Zhongzhou when the habit of lifting the son has not been removed. As for the wind and sunny days, the cane is staggering, under the graceful forest hills, between the Qingjiang and white stones, Lao Tzu also has a day long in Zhugong. When Fu Weng was fifty-six years old, he was sick enough to worship, and his henchmen were in the mustard, such as Huaiwa stone, and it was unknown whether he could make such a promise word in the future?
This post was praised by book critics as a masterpiece of Huang Tingjian's demotion period. Regarding the unique charm and artistic value of this work, there are many commentators and appreciators, and the author will not repeat it, but here is mainly to introduce the Yazhou people behind this calligraphy post, as well as the beautiful stories that happened in this hot land more than 900 years ago, so that everyone can understand the glorious past of Ya'an.
The time and place of the creation of this post are clearly written in the text, "the third year of Yuanfu" is 1100 AD, and the "thorny road" is Rongzhou (now Yibin). The recipient of this post also wrote very clearly, it was written for "Zhang Datong of Yazhou". "Nephew" means that Zhang Datong is Huang Tingjian's nephew, and "Yazhou" means that Zhang Datong is a native of Yazhou.
Huang Tingjian was a native of Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province), how could he have a nephew from Yazhou? To understand this problem, we must first understand Huang Tingjian's family. The Fenning Shuangjing Huang family is a rare famous family in the south of the Yangtze River. Not to mention anything else, just talking about Huang Tingjian's branch, his great-grandfather Huang Zhongli had five sons - Huang Wei, Huang Zi, Huang Xiang, Huang Chun, and Huang Lian. Huang Zhongli's third son, Huang Xiang, is Huang Tingjian's grandfather, and he is on the same list as Su Shi, Su Zhe, Zeng Gong, Zhang Zai, Cheng Hao and others. Huang Xiang gave birth to six sons, Huang Zhao, Huang Xiang, Huang Shu, Huang Lian, Huang Yu, and Huang Fang, and it is unknown how many daughters he had, but from Huang Tingjian's works, there are at least two, one of which was married to Zhang Zhi, a Jinshi of Yazhou. In the "Epitaph of Zhang Zilu" written for Zhang Zhi's eldest son Zhang Qi (Zi Zi Xu), Huang Tingjian introduced Zhang Zhi and his wife: "Shaoqing Gai marryed three times, said Xu Shi, and posthumously sealed the Jun of Xianju County; said the Qian family, posthumously sealed the king of Xianyuan County; Said Huang, Feng Changshou County Jun. This "Shaoqing" is Zhang Xu, he is the first Jinshi in the history of Yazhou, and the official is Shaoqing of Taichang Temple, so he is called; The "Huang family" who was named "Longevity County Jun" is Huang Tingjian's aunt.
According to Huang Tingjian's related poems, Zhang Zhi had three sons, the eldest son, Zhang Qi, who was a child; Zhongzi Zhang Yu (some versions are "禠"), the word Ziqian, the third son Zhang Zhi, the word Jieqing. Zhang Qi also married three wives, "Zhang Zixu Epitaph" recorded: "Jun Yi married three times, the first marriage to Shi, the daughter of Shangshu Tuntian Langzhong Anshi; remarried Huang, the daughter of the virgin; He also married Shi Shi, the daughter of Chungju Judicial Army. Zi said Xie. Changshou Jun Yu is an aunt, and the daughter of a virgin is a sister. The "Jun" here refers to Zhang Qi (Zi Xu); "Virgin Huang" refers to Huang Tingjian's cousin Huang Huang, because he has not been a monk in his life, so he is called; "Certain" is Huang Tingjian's self-proclaimed.
According to the "Huang Family Genealogy", it is recorded: "Huang Huang, the second son of Zigong, is kind, has a good word, has a twelve, and is forty-nine years old. Sub two. With Xu's, Shengxin, Gongquan; Female one, Shiya Prefecture Zhang Zhiziqi. "Cong Shilang" is a civil and prose official, and a loose official is an honorary rank, not a substantive official, so Huang Ting insisted that Huang Huang was a "priest" ("priest" refers to a person who is talented and virtuous but reclusive), and "suitable" means to marry.
Although Huang Huang was unknown all his life, his father Huang Zi was one of the famous "Ten Dragons of the Huang Family". The so-called "Huang's Ten Dragons" is the praise of the five generations of the Huang family in Shuangjing, Huang Wei, Huang Chun, Huang Jun, Huang Xiang, Huang Hao, Huang Lian, and Huang Hun of the fifth generation of the Huang family in Fenning Shuangjing.
Huang Ziyu Huang Tingjian is his uncle's grandfather, and the blood relationship does not seem to be close, but as one of the "Ten Dragons of the Huang Family", and is the clan of Huang Tingjian's grandfather Huang Xiang, who was admitted to the Jinshi before, he must have had a profound impact on Huang Tingjian when he was young. Now Huang Zi's granddaughter is married to Yazhou as a "niece to drive her aunt" (this is an ancient Chinese custom for nieces to follow her aunt and marry her aunt's son, which is regarded as a happy marriage in ancient China). Huang Tingjian was demoted to the western border of Bashu in his later years, far away from his homeland, this "sister" (cousin) who married far away from Yazhou naturally became his closest relatives in addition to "aunt", and his emotional closeness is naturally far greater than that of cousins and cousins in the usual sense, and it is normal for him to love his cousin's children very much.
Huang Tingjian visited Yazhou to visit relatives
Huang Tingjian's "sister" and Zhang Qi had a son, who is Zhang Datong mentioned in "Gift to Zhang Datong". Zhang Da has the same name, and Datong is its word. Huang Tingjian's work first mentions Zhang Xie's "Epitaph of Zhang Zixu", which reads: "Ten years after the death of his brother Zhang Zixu, when Yuan Fu Zhiji Mao (1099), his son Xie was ordered by his mother, Mrs. Shi, to bury his son in Shu Yandao in April, and came to ask for inscriptions, saying: 'The first monarch and Yi are derived from nature, and there is a family law in awe. Engaged in more than 20 years, not out of the state and county, has not tasted the sigh. Fifty-nine years old sick in Guozhou (now Nanchong), Gu Yan (last words) said: I have practiced what I have heard in my life, I have never met a confidant, I die and ask for the gentleman who stands up for my tomb, I am immortal! Dare to ask Uncle Yu with an inscription. 'If you can't listen to a certain thanks, it will be Ming. What needs to be explained is, why is Zhang Xie "on the orders of his mother, Mrs. Shi"? Isn't his mother Huang Tingjian's "younger sister" Huang? In fact, this Shi mother is Zhang Xie's mother-in-law, that is, his father's wife, and his biological mother Huang is just Zhang Qi's (Zi Xu) side room. In those days, it was the duty of the wife to arrange the big things in the family. And Zhang Xie's mother-in-law named Shi Yan is a talented woman, Huang Ting insisted on calling her a "female doctor", and there are nearly 20 kinds of documents after the Song Dynasty to introduce it, saying that her talent and virtue are comparable to Xie Daoyun and Meng Guang in history. The status of such an outstanding talented woman in the family can be imagined, and the burial of Zhang Qi (Zixu) should be decided by him.
From the dialogue between Zhang Xie and Huang Tingjian, you can feel Zhang Xie's heart to fulfill his father's dying will. "Zhang Zilu's Epitaph" should have been written in Rongzhou, when Huang Tingjian had not yet visited Meizhou and Yazhou. A year later, Huang Tingjian traveled from Rongzhou to Qingshen County, Meizhou to visit his aunt, who was living in the official residence with his second son, and his aunt's second son, Zhang Zhi (Jieqing), was then the county governor of Qingshen County. During this period, Huang Tingjian and Zhang Xie met again, and he wrote in "You Zhongyan Xingji III": "Yuan Fu Gengchen (1100) Ji Qiuzhi Ding Chou, Wei Zhang Zhijieqing and his brother Yu Ziqian, nephew Xie Datong, nephew Song Zhengchen Duanbi, invited to bring tea to cook Yuquan, and the same people Yang Zhanjun Zhen and Zhang Lu Zhiyuan. Since it has come repeatedly, it is often obscure, it is the opening of the sky and the earth, and the eyes are thousands of miles. "Huang Tingjian's title here is more formal, it is all surname + first name + character. On a sunny day in autumn, the host advocated Zhi led his elder brother Zhang Yu (Ziqian), nephew Zhang Xie (Zitong), nephew Song Zhengchen (Ziduanbi) and others to climb the mountain and drink tea together with Huang Tingjian.
Huang Tingjian's related works during this period not only let us see the happy scene of him meeting several Yazhou relatives, but also let us see the talent of his nephew Zhang Datong. His poem "Zhang Datong Writes to Praise Himself" wrote: "Xiumei Guangyu is not as good as Lushan (referring to the Tang Dynasty poet Yuan Dexiu, who once served as the commander of Lushan County). Huangyu is not as good as the lacquer garden (referring to Zhuangzi). Taoguang anonymous will be in Shuangjing (Huang Tingjian's hometown). Talking about the mystery, the hot (empty nonsense) two rivers. The dead wood is abrupt, but the dead ashes are not. Empty boats send things, and hundreds of leaky boats. It is not difficult to see from the poem that Huang Tingjian is very satisfied with the portrait painted by his nephew, which shows that Zhang Datong is very good at painting and has great artistic talent.
Zhang Datong loves ancient Chinese and good calligraphy
In the third year of Yuan Fu (1100), Huang Tingjian left Rongzhou (now Yibin City, Sichuan Province) to take up his post in Ezhou (now Wuhan City, Hubei Province). The article "Shu Danqing Yinhou" describes the origin of this incident, in which Zhang Xie is written again: "There is a Yuan Medicine Institute in the Yandao, and the family has a scroll of books, and they cherish it, and they are not deeply separated from their jade. Out to show the remainder, Yu told the said: 'This secret pavilion Tang wood board carved law, Li Tingqi ink made ink also. It's easy to write a book, but what? Yuan gladly heard it. It will be hot in summer, and Yu will be sick, and he will not be able to read for a long time. In December of the third year of Yuan Fu, Yu will relieve the boat and send a servant, and the three elders (referring to the boatmen) have been feeding Wuhou for a long time, and they have not returned for a long time, meaning that they have been drunk and lying in the temple. There was nothing else to do in the boat, so this volume was left behind. Readers Shi Qingchong, Yang Zhongyu, He Yudao, Yang Xianru, Sun Zhong'an, Liao Xuanshu, Zhang Datong, Cai Cilu, and Taoist Li Chaoshu. This large number of people who watched Huang Tingjian's waving were not only Huang Tingjian's close friends, but also his calligraphy fans, and Zhang Xie was also among them, indicating that he was also interested in calligraphy. In contact with "Gift to Zhang Datong Volume and Tail", he also loves ancient texts (the reason why Huang Tingjian specially wrote that Han Yu sent Meng Jiaoxu to Zhang Xie was obviously to compare Zhang Xie to Han Yu's "Li's Zipan"), and he was also an official, and the official location should be in Rongzhou.
Although there are no more specific historical materials on Zhang Xie's official, writing, painting, calligraphy, etc., judging from his marriage, this person is by no means an idle person.
Huang Tingjian wrote in "The Poetry of Shubai Bachelor's Mountain Residence Later": "Shi Shaofeng's son will be a friend and son-in-law with his nephew Zhang Xie Yu Su. Yu came to Tsing Yi to tell his aunt, because of his knowledge of Shaofeng, Shaofeng came to beg for a book and said: 'Make him a day, thinking that it is a capital to meet. 'Today's recklessness is his recklessness every day, and he uses books as a hostage? From this, it can be seen that Zhang Xie and Shi Shaofeng's son Shi Hui are the brothers-in-law of the Su family, and both of them are married to a daughter of the Su family. This "Su family" should be the Su Shi family.
Huang Tingjian wrote this in his letter to Su Shi's nephew Su Datong: "I saw my brother Zhang Zilu's sister-in-law, who has the beauty of Taoism and virtue, and is received by Yi with the heavens. This sentence is to say that Zhang Zixu's wife Shi Yan once praised the beauty of Su Datong's talent and virtue in front of Huang Tingjian, and because Su Datong and Tiantong's nephew (a mistake of "Datong") became in-laws, they longed to meet each other very early. "Foreign" means nephew, and "receiving a kiss" means a good marriage. In addition, in the article "Answering the King's View of Recovery", he said: "Don't go back to the boat, but you will be confused." Cover a person who learns and knows, or one in a thousand, so you can't help but be happy when you meet, and you can't help but be stunned when you lose each other. The wind and rain are not quiet, and if you want to sail for three days, you also have to be poised. Is it good to be in the cabinet and all the young? Yuan Cao Shu is included. Seeing Xing Gongyan Gong is to get the old paper fan, now seal ten handles, and the rest must be his wind in the future. Three quarters missed on the night of October 19. Sun Wenyi's grandson Sidao in the cabinet is also a clan brother, Sidao is the wife of a foreign Zhang Xie, and he wishes to his uncle. "Woman" refers to his wife's father. Obviously, Zhang Xie married several wives, in addition to the above-mentioned Su family, there is also a Sun family. Sun's family background is even more extraordinary, she is the great-granddaughter of Sun Xi (996-1064), the prime minister of Meishan in the Northern Song Dynasty. "Wenyi" is Sun Xi's nickname, and Sun Xie's grandson Sun Sidao is Zhang Xie's father-in-law. The reason why Huang Tingjian called him "clan brother" may be related to Huang Tingjian's wife's surname Sun. To be able to marry a family like Su Shi and Sun Chen, it is obviously rare for people who are not excellent to have this possibility.
It is a pity that Zhang Xie may not have been a big official later, or he changed his name and words, except for the above-mentioned Huang Tingjian's words, no other historical materials have been found. Although the historical data is limited and not much is known about it, the fact that his name and place of origin appears in the outstanding calligraphy posts in the history of Chinese calligraphy is worth remembering for that alone. Zhou Defu/text
Huang Tingjian's book "Gift to Zhang Datong Volume and Tail" (Part 2)