Q&A on China's Economy in the First Quarter|How Does China's Economy Stimulate "New" Forces?

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 18 (Xinhua) -- How can China's economy stimulate its "new" force?

Xinhua News Agency reporter

At a time when the global economic recovery is sluggish, how China cultivates and develops new quality productivity has attracted much attention at home and abroad.

Recently, this reporter has walked into scientific research institutes and industrial frontlines to feel the new atmosphere brought about by the "new" and "quality" in various localities, and has also gained a further understanding and understanding of how China's economy can stimulate the "new" force in the field of investigation.

What is the situation towards the "new"?

Through the control of the handle, it can realize the natural gait walking, and the input command can accurately grasp and place the object...... At the Humanoid Robot Innovation Center in Yizhuang, Beijing, the latest R&D results are eye-catching.

Humanoid robots are considered to be another subversive product after smartphones and new energy vehicles. From the establishment of the innovation center to the planning of industrial support, Yizhuang focuses on this track and makes more efforts.

"When you see it, you race against time. Ma Ning, deputy director of the special class of the automobile and intelligent manufacturing industry in the Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, said that the park has matched a special class, a plan, and a platform around the industrial chain, in order to support more and grow rapidly.

Yizhuang's pursuit of "new" and "wise" is a portrayal of China's current economic development. Since the beginning of the year, the layout of new tracks and the tapping of new potentials in various places have been strong and energetic:

Recently, Shanghai released the 2024 "Invest in Shanghai" policy package, setting up a 100 billion yuan industrial investment fund, Yantai, Shandong Province signed 60 projects, covering high-end equipment, biomedicine, clean energy and other fields, and Chongqing's 100-billion-level aerospace information industry layout "set sail......

In the first quarter, the added value of the mainland's high-tech manufacturing industry above designated size increased by 7.5% year-on-year, 2.6 percentage points faster than the fourth quarter of last year, the investment in high-tech industries increased by 11.4% year-on-year, and the output of charging piles, 3D printing equipment and electronic components increased by 41.7%, 40.6% and 39.5% year-on-year respectively. The latest release of multiple sets of data confirms the growth of the new engine and the enthusiasm for market innovation and change.

In the face of the complex and severe external environment and a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation that is accelerating evolution, it is necessary to use innovation to enhance economic resilience and grasp the strategic initiative. "For us, new quality productivity is no longer a concept, but a consensus of development. In the interview, Wen Haisheng, deputy director of the Jinan Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, said the voice of the industry.

Since the beginning of the year, from the central to the local government, support policies have been launched one after another, and efforts have been made in the same direction to form a joint force——

This year's government work report has made arrangements for strengthening the layout of the basic research system and accelerating the systematic layout of major scientific and technological infrastructure. In 2024, the central government will allocate 10.4 billion yuan of special funds for industrial base reengineering and high-quality development of the manufacturing industry to support the acceleration of breakthroughs in basic products and core technologies. From the joint efforts of multiple departments to promote the construction of common technology platforms and pilot test verification platforms, to the promotion and implementation of high-quality development actions of key industrial chains in the manufacturing industry, each initiative aims to cultivate new kinetic energy and enhance the "new" force.

Focusing on hard technology, identifying new needs, and basing on the key to industrial transformation and upgrading, enterprises take the initiative to continue to develop new products——

Focusing on the subdivision of the laser industry, Wuhan Optics Valley is accelerating the upgrading of the whole chain from optical chips to domestic intelligent equipment. "Optical communication is our 'long board', and we must make good use of significant competitive advantages. The relevant person in charge of Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development Zone said.

In Yantai Taihe New Material Polymer New Material Industrial Park, the aramid coated separator workshop is running at full capacity. Song Xiquan, chairman of Taihe New Materials, told reporters that the development of new energy vehicles is in full swing, and the aramid separator that can significantly improve the safety performance of the battery has ushered in the tuyere, and the company is accelerating the construction of integrated production capacity to seize the market.

With the rapid development of China's new technologies and industries, some politicians in the United States and the West have hyped up the so-called "theory of China's overcapacity". Is that really the case?

Jin Xiandong, director of the Policy Research Office of the National Development and Reform Commission, pointed out that the issue of production capacity should be viewed objectively and dialectically from the perspective of economic laws. The fact that different countries have a larger production capacity in their respective industries and a smaller production capacity in other industries is determined by their comparative advantages. At the same time, under the conditions of a market economy, the balance between supply and demand is relative, and a moderate excess of production over demand is conducive to market competition and the survival of the fittest.

Taking new energy vehicles as an example, it is thanks to the rapid development that in just a few years, a number of core technologies such as battery materials and operating systems have achieved breakthroughs. Technological progress, product quality improvement, and good supply create more demand, this virtuous cycle has allowed the industry to enter a new growth cycle. According to the International Energy Agency, the global demand for new energy vehicles will reach 45 million in 2030, more than four times that of 2022.

Luigi Gambardella, President of the China-Europe Digital Association, believes that China will contribute to strengthening the resilience of the global economy by encouraging the development of emerging industries such as the digital economy, smart manufacturing and sustainable energy. This is not only conducive to China's economic and social development, but also creates a good atmosphere for cooperation in global technological progress.

Since the beginning of this year, foreign investors have been competing for new tracks, reflecting the importance of China's new opportunities and the expectation of the global future market with practical actions.

Apple will expand its applied research lab in Shanghai, and AstraZeneca will invest US$475 million in a new small molecule innovative drug plant in Wuxi High-tech Zone, Jiangsu Province...... In the first two months of this year, the number of newly established foreign-invested enterprises in high-tech industries increased by 32.2 percent year-on-year.

Ann Gaobo, chairman of the board of directors of the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai, said that China's development of new quality productivity has made many American-funded enterprises see new growth opportunities, especially in the high-tech field. "Once we grasp the growth opportunities in these areas in the Chinese market, we will be able to 'ride the wind' in China. ”

Where is the focus of "quality" for change?

The key to developing new quality productive forces is to use scientific and technological innovation to lead industrial innovation. How to effectively transform scientific and technological innovation into industrial competitiveness?

"We must vigorously promote new industrialization and enhance the core competitiveness of the industry. Miao Wei, member of the Standing Committee of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Economic Committee, believes.

At the technical level, it is necessary to make up for shortcomings, forge long boards, strengthen the foundation, and accelerate the transformation of innovative achievements——

Relying on the patented technology of the Institute of Metal Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning Cold Core Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd. has been supplied in batches of active semiconductor temperature control devices.

Temperature control devices can effectively protect the performance of chips, which is the key to the development of 5G communication and vehicle lidar. Sun Dongming, a researcher at the Institute of Metal Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told reporters that the team aimed at this "target" and continued to tackle tough problems, mastered the whole chain technology system, and with the support of the local scientific and technological achievements transformation policy, the product quickly entered the stage of development and introduction.

At present, the mainland has established 29 national manufacturing innovation centers, which have effectively supported the research and development and industrial application of new products in major technical equipment, important consumer goods and emerging fields. While improving the innovation ability of the foundation and key fields, the industrial chain coordination mechanism has been continuously improved.

Acceleration from 000 in 2.78 seconds, achieving a standard range of 700 kilometers, behind a Xiaomi SU7 car, there is a self-developed super motor, integrated battery and other innovative integration of the whole industry chain. Walking into the Beijing Xiaomi Automobile Gigafactory, this feeling is more intuitive: 29 laboratories are organically coordinated, key processes are 100% automated, and the supply chain is digitally linked.

"We have united upstream and downstream and related parties to form an intelligent manufacturing innovation consortium. The relevant person in charge of Xiaomi Group said that the collaborative innovation around the industrial chain has allowed Xiaomi to upgrade with the "circle of friends".

"Industrial scientific and technological innovation is the fundamental driving force of new industrialization. Jin Zhuanglong, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, said that 5 to 10 new national manufacturing innovation centers will be built in key areas, promote the basic full coverage of the pilot capacity of key industrial chains, further promote the industrial base reengineering project and major technical equipment research projects, and accelerate the construction of a perfect industrial science and technology innovation system.

At the industrial level, it is necessary to coordinate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, cultivate and expand emerging industries, lay out future industries in advance, and build a modern industrial system——

In the dispatching emergency rescue command center of Guizhou Faer Coal Mine, real-time images of underground production, ventilation, and transportation are constantly beating on the big screen. The staff told reporters that after the intelligent transformation of the coal mine, the underground personnel have been greatly reduced, and the production efficiency has increased by 47%.

Only by integrating new technologies into traditional industries faster can we "care" the foundation of the modern industrial system. Recently, multiple departments jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Promoting Equipment Renewal in the Industrial Field", which clearly takes large-scale equipment renewal as the starting point to implement the technological transformation and upgrading project of the manufacturing industry. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology further proposed to accelerate the promotion of artificial intelligence-enabled new industrialization with scenarios as the traction.

Focusing on the supply chain of short board industries, the extension of the chain of advantageous industries, the upgrading of traditional industries, and the construction of emerging industries, relevant departments have formulated specific measures. In terms of accelerating the cultivation and development of new industries, we will clearly coordinate technological innovation, large-scale development and application scenario construction. "We also need to build a 'lookout station' for future industries, regularly release cutting-edge technology promotion catalogs, and accelerate the transformation of achievements. Liu Bochao, deputy director of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said.

At the enterprise level, it is necessary to further reduce the burden, provide more assistance, and continue to stimulate the creativity of micro subjects——

In the supply and demand docking service platform for the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jinan, the reporter simulated the "digital consultation" of an enterprise on the spot: click on the screen to conduct "intelligent rating", immerse yourself in the transformation cases of different industrial scenarios, and the system automatically matches the solution. "It's a bit like Taobao's behavioral analysis, we use big data and large models to 'profile' and push services for enterprises. Pang Songtao, the contractor of the platform and general manager of Inspur Yunzhou Industrial Internet, said.

From the development and promotion of digital products that meet the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises, to the promotion of industrial Internet into parks and enterprises, at present, a series of practices to lower the threshold of digitalization are being carried out in various places. In the past few days, many places have launched measures to "loosen" and "empower" enterprises: Henan has introduced support measures for the cultivation of specialized, special and new enterprises, and Anhui has launched 20 measures to optimize the business environment of the manufacturing industry.

Jin Zhuanglong said that at present, we are studying and formulating a gradient cultivation method for "unicorn" enterprises, and will guide large enterprises to open up innovation elements to small and medium-sized enterprises, and constantly form industrial ecological advantages.

What steps should be taken to seek practical results and achieve long-term results?

The formation of new quality productivity cannot be achieved overnight, how to produce practical and long-term effects to promote high-quality development?

"We have seen a company that does 'dexterous hands' this time, and if we can introduce Yizhuang, it will be a strong supplement to our improvement of the intelligent manufacturing industry chain. Returning from a business trip to Shenzhen, Peng Ruifeng, deputy director of the Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone Management Committee, shared the harvest of the trip with reporters.

He said that during the three-day research trip in Guangdong, the management committee selectively visited enterprises and looked for projects according to the four industrial chains that were focused on building, not only to see technological trends, but also to tap more cooperation space. "It is necessary to find their own coordinates in the general trend of industrial development and form differentiated and diversified competition. ”

Do not blindly seek "new", adhere to scientific methods, and adapt measures to local conditions.

This spring, many places started cross-provincial "exchanges": the Guiyang Gui'an delegation went to Hefei to explore the deep integration of digital technology and advanced manufacturing, and the Shandong Liaocheng delegation went to Chaoyang, Beijing, to discuss cooperation on the coordinated development of science and technology based on geographical advantages...... Focusing on the new quality of productivity, the purpose of "learning from experience" is to promote the development of new industries, new models and new kinetic energy in a targeted manner.

The reporter walked all the way and looked all the way, and found that it was also chasing the "new", and different regions were planning different articles according to their respective advantages:

In Hefei High-tech Zone, the quantum information future industry is "blossoming at multiple points" on the hundreds of meters long "Quantum Avenue", the headquarters of the Deep Space Exploration Laboratory is located in the core area of Hefei's "Future Science City", and a new track of "chasing dreams and starry sky" is opening......

There are 45 national advanced manufacturing clusters and 178 national high-tech zones in the mainland, and 100 new industrial clusters for small and medium-sized enterprises will be added this year. While integrating innovation and strengthening the chain, these areas also play a guiding role in the industrial layout. Since the beginning of this year, from the issuance of the implementation opinions to promote the innovation and development of the future industry, to the introduction of the implementation plan for the innovative application of general aviation equipment, the "roadmap" of many industries has been further clarified.

"It is necessary to further strengthen overall planning and coordination, and adhere to classified guidance and classified policies. Huang Yiping, dean of the National School of Development of Peking University, believes that at the same time, it is necessary to improve relevant industrial policies, focus on the front end when supporting innovation, and "subsidies and other policies should have a timely exit mechanism to better play a leading role in the market."

The development of new quality productive forces is an innovation issue as well as a reform issue. Only by breaking through the blockages and forming a long-term mechanism to encourage development can the potential be fully stimulated.

At present, there are 1,300 pipelines under development, including 700 first-class new drugs, and more than 10 products in the marketing application stage.

Ling Gang, chief engineer of the Science and Technology Economic Commission of Pudong New Area, told reporters that Pudong is building a "tropical rainforest" innovation ecology and building a public service platform system with all elements and chains from target discovery to registration and listing, and commissioned production. Through a series of institutional innovations such as exploring a series of institutional innovations such as facilitating customs clearance of special items for R&D and launching a pilot area for industry-medical linkage comprehensive services, R&D and the transformation of achievements will be accelerated.

A few days ago, China's capital market ushered in the third "National Nine Articles". Among them, it is clear that the competitiveness of the capital market system will be enhanced, and the inclusiveness of new industries, new forms of business and new technologies will be enhanced.

From speeding up the construction of a unified national market to fully implementing the opinions and supporting measures to promote the development and growth of the private economy, from the introduction of 24 measures of the action plan for attracting and utilizing foreign investment to the pilot expansion of the opening up of the telecommunications field...... Since the beginning of the year, a series of reforms have been deepened and realized.

"It is necessary to further promote the formation of a basic system conducive to the development of new quality productive forces, so that all kinds of advanced and high-quality production factors can flow smoothly to the development of new quality productive forces. At the same time, by expanding high-level opening-up, we will support foreign-funded enterprises to deeply participate in China's innovation and strengthen win-win industrial cooperation. Huang Hanquan, president of the China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said. (Reporter Zhang Xinxin, Zhang Quan, Wang Yueyang, Xu Supei, Yue Xitong)