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Antique bricks should be no stranger to most designers, and they will also be used in some design projects, but they may not know the origin and history of antique bricks.
01. The origin of antique bricks
Antique bricks originated from the glazed bricks of Europe at the earliest, and then introduced to the mainland by Taiwanese businessmen, called pan-ancient bricks, and later called classical bricks, retro bricks, antique bricks, among which the noun of "antique bricks" is used more, everyone is used to it, and it has become the "trade name" of similar bricks.
The trade noun is different from the professional noun, and it is even more different from the scientific name, so it does not have to be very strict. The "imitation" itself is not a "demeaning" meaning, but more refers to the restoration and innovation of a texture.
In Europe, people are accustomed to call antique bricks "Rustic", which specifically refers to glazed porcelain tiles, and "rustic" is translated into Chinese as: rustic, rustic, rough, rough; this refers to the color and appearance of antique bricks that focus on the style of returning to nature. Further, Europeans admired the civilization created by their ancestors, their ancient architectural style, oil paintings, and classical music, and they believed that "antique bricks" were the best at expressing this subject matter and style among tiles.
Parthenon ↑↑↑
Europeans often refer to the architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, the French impressionist landscape painter Sisley (1839-1899) and the famous Dutch painter Van Gogh and his masterpiece "Sunflowers";
Leonardo da Vinci's "The Last Supper" ↑↑↑
Van Gogh "Sunflowers" ↑↑↑
When it comes to the use of lines and colors, when it comes to Beethoven and his Sixth Symphony (Pastoral Symphony), and color, picture and music are all connected, and among all the building bricks, it is precisely the antique bricks that are the best at expressing these contents, which is the charm of antique bricks.
Sisley, "Port of Marli" ↑↑↑
02, Material Overview
Antique bricks belong to glazed bricks, the development trend of its green body is mainly porcelain (water absorption rate ≤ 0.5%, at present, many manufacturers of enterprise standards have double zero water absorption expression, that is, the water absorption rate is less than 0.1%, and the national standard expression is still less than 0.5%), there are also stoneware (water absorption rate 0.5~3%), fine stoneware (water absorption rate 3~6%), stoneware (water absorption rate 6~10%).
Ordinary antique bricks are mainly matte, and full-glazed bricks are printed on the matte glaze (or printed on the bottom glaze and then added to the matte glaze). Finally, a layer of transparent glaze or transparent dry grains is polished after firing, which is an underglaze color decoration.
△ Lincoln Ash Aranya
The surface of antique bricks is made into a flat surface, and there are also made into small concave and convex surfaces; The composition of antique brick firing is a firing, two firing, three firing, most of them are fired at one time, the firing temperature is 1180~1230 °C, fired in the roller kiln, the firing cycle is usually 40~70 minutes, the ceramic tile specifications after firing are diverse, most of them are more than 100 * 100, and the dry edging process of fully enclosed dust removal is mostly adopted.
03, Material Properties
Antique bricks are ceramic tiles with classical style and antique appearance made by using modern ceramic tile production technology. Out of nostalgia, people often have a special love for the quaint and natural environment, the rough surface texture of antique bricks, mottled color texture, and dark and elegant tones make it able to create an old and distant atmosphere.
It looks like an old thing, but because it has been fired at high temperature, the texture is hard, and the glaze is wear-resistant, so it has good anti-slip and anti-fouling characteristics. And the product specifications are many, the supporting flowers are complete, and the laying method is flexible and changeable, which greatly enhances its expressiveness.
With the continuous expansion of the scope of use and the needs of user groups, different requirements have been put forward for functions such as anti-slip, wear-resistant, anti-fouling and self-cleaning, antibacterial, antistatic, and light change, so as to derive a series of antique bricks with special functions.
For example, through dry glazing, high-temperature dry particles, and surface modification, antique bricks with excellent anti-slip performance and wear resistance have been developed; The self-cleaning glaze gives the brick excellent anti-fouling and self-cleaning function; Through the application of semiconductor glaze and pearlescent and polarized glaze, antistatic functional bricks and functional bricks with light changing effect are derived.
1. Non-slip
Because the surface of the antique brick has not been polished, the friction coefficient of the surface is large, which is more anti-slip, which is quite suitable for the space with anti-slip requirements.
2. Anti-fouling and easy maintenance
Because it has a layer of anti-stain and wear-resistant glaze on the surface, the stain is not easy to soak, and it is easy to clean every day without leaving any traces.
3. The category, color, specification is complete, and the decoration is strong
Because of its rich variety of colors, nostalgic and retro, and without losing its personality, most of it is used in outdoor squares, courtyards, porches and living rooms, dining rooms, study rooms, bathrooms, kitchens, etc., and for some restaurants, shops, libraries, small hotels and other commercial spaces, there are also very unique effects.
△ Grussie Silver
04. Production process and product process
Blank: Ingredients→ ball milling→ sieving iron removal→ mud pool stale → spray granulation→ into the warehouse stale for later use
Glaze: Ingredients→ ball mill→ sieved to remove iron→ mud pool stale for later use
Ceramic tiles: powder pressing and forming→ drying→ glazing→ multiple printing→ into the kiln drying→ firing→ sorting→ packaging and warehousing
Antique bricks have both spray glaze and glaze spraying in the glazing method, and there is also a combination of the two, which belongs to wet glazing.
Rubbing glaze, removing glaze powder, and applying dry granules belong to dry glazing, supplemented by water spray humidification and spray glue curing and other process techniques;
In terms of printing, there are screen printing, cylinder printing, inkjet printing, cylinder printing and their combinations;
a. Silk screen printing
Mainly used in the process of glazing, most of the porcelain tiles are screen printed, a color with a screen, layer by layer of color brush glaze.
b. Cylinder printing
One roller rolls one color, and the surface pattern may be similar but with an up-and-down offset.
c. Inkjet printing
While printing different colors, the surface has a concave and convex feeling, which is more three-dimensional.
In the surface polishing, there are soft polishing, half polishing and full polishing;
There are wet and dry methods in edging and chamfering.
With the above-mentioned glazing, printing, edging and other processes supporting the machinery and equipment, most of the mainland has been able to produce independently. It is worth pointing out that the glaze color that has matured on the decoration of daily ceramics, the glaze color and the underglaze color are successively used in the decoration of antique bricks, and the glaze decoration that is now popular in Europe is derived from the high-temperature underglaze color decoration of daily porcelain.
The material basis of the decorative technique is the decorative materials, most of which have been localized, mainly all kinds of ordinary parison, glaze pigments, most of the pigments for rubber roller printing, all kinds of ordinary frits and dry particles, all kinds of ordinary metal glaze, glitter powder and glitter particles, pearlescent glaze, gold water and gold paste;
However, some high-end decorative materials still need to be imported, ceramic inkjet consumables (including 4 primary color inks) have not been localized, and some high-grade printing oils and printing oil additives still rely on imports.
05. Daily cleaning and maintenance of antique bricks
After construction, vacuum the floor, remove the liquid, and dry it with a clean cloth. After the overall decoration is completed, use caulk or beauty sewing agent to hook the joint, otherwise it is easy to pollute.
Antique bricks are super stain-resistant, and can usually be cleaned with water and standard neutral detergents. If stubborn stains are accidentally stained, please choose the detergent verified in the table below to clean them.
Cleaning and maintenance correspondence table (provided by Belita) ↑↑↑
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