Tomato seedling cultivation is an important part of tomato planting, which determines the yield and quality of tomatoes in the later stage. Below, we will introduce the method of tomato seedling cultivation in detail.
1. Seed selection and seed treatment
First of all, we want to choose high-quality, disease-resistant, high-yielding tomato varieties. When buying seeds, choose a reputable seed dealer with guaranteed quality. After selecting the seeds, we need to carry out the seed treatment. Soak the seeds in warm water at 55 °C for 15 minutes, then naturally cool to 30 °C for another 4-6 hours. This can effectively promote the water absorption and germination of seeds and improve the germination rate.
Second, the preparation of seedling soil
The choice of soil for seedlings is very important for tomato seedlings. We need to choose loose, breathable, water-retaining and fertilizing soils. Seedling soil can be made by mixing well-rotted organic fertilizer, garden soil and river sand in a certain proportion. The prepared seedling soil should be disinfected to prevent the occurrence of diseases.
3. Sowing and seedling management
Before sowing, we should first water the seedbed thoroughly, and then sprinkle the treated seeds evenly on the seedbed and cover it with a thin layer of soil, so that the seeds are not visible. Keep the soil moist after sowing, but avoid overwatering to avoid seed rot. At the seedling stage, we should pay attention to temperature control and maintain suitable light and ventilation conditions. When the seedlings grow to 2-3 true leaves, they should be thinned and planted to keep the plant spacing appropriate and avoid overcrowding.
Fourth, pest control
In the process of raising seedlings, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Common diseases include cataplexy, blight, etc., which can be prevented and treated with carbendazim, chlorothalonil and other agents. Common insect pests include aphids, whiteflies, etc., which can be controlled with imidacloprid, avermectin and other agents. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, it is necessary to pay attention to the amount and concentration of pesticides to avoid damage to seedlings.
Fifth, strong seedling cultivation
In order to develop robust tomato seedlings, we need to properly fertilize and water them at the seedling stage. In the process of seedling growth, compound fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers should be regularly applied to meet the nutrients required for seedling growth. At the same time, keep the soil moist and avoid drought or overwatering. In the process of cultivating strong seedlings, it is also necessary to pay attention to adjusting the light and temperature conditions to promote the healthy growth of seedlings.
6. Preparation before planting
When the tomato seedlings have grown to 5-6 true leaves, they are ready for colonization. Before planting, we need to exercise the seedlings to gradually adapt to the open field environment. The amount of ventilation and light time can be gradually increased, and the temperature and humidity can be lowered to make the seedlings gradually stronger. At the same time, the seedlings should be inspected for pests and diseases to ensure that the seedlings that are free of pests and diseases can be planted.
7. Colonization and post-management
When planting, we choose sunny weather to carry out. Seedlings are planted in the soil at a certain row spacing and then watered thoroughly. In the early stages after planting, keep the soil moist and shaded appropriately to prevent seedlings from being exposed to strong sunlight. As the seedlings grow, we need to gradually increase the amount of light and ventilation to adapt to the open field environment. In the later management, it is also necessary to pay attention to regular fertilization, watering, weeding and pest control to ensure the robust growth and high yield of tomato plants.