Qingyangcheng Village is located in the north of Guantao County, Hebei Province, this ordinary village, in history, is an ancient county seat that has existed for nearly 700 years, of which Qingyangcheng Village has been governing for about 530 years.
Qingyangcheng Village, Guantao County, in southern Hebei
Interestingly, there are as many as 3 county names "derived" from the relocation, relocation, and renaming of this ancient county, and 1 name is still in use, and the other 2 names are obtained by avoiding the name of Li Yuan, the ancestor of the Tang Dynasty.
This county is called "Cheongwon County".
In 2005, the "Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Geographical Names of China" published by Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House recorded:
Qingyuan County, the name of the ancient county. The Western Han Dynasty is now in the north of Qingyang City, Guantao County, Hebei Province. The two Han Dynasty belonged to Wei County, and the Three Kingdoms Wei, Jin, and Northern Dynasties belonged to Yangping County. "Zizhi Tongjian": In the first year of Yongjia in the Western Jin Dynasty (307), "Gou Xi attacked Jisang in Dongwuyang and broke it." Sang surrendered to Qingyuan", that is. The Northern Wei Dynasty moved to Beiqingshui Town, Guanxian County, Shandong Province. Sui successively belonged to Beizhou and Qinghe County. The early Tang Dynasty was abolished.
The Qianlong edition of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China version of "Guantao County Chronicles" are also recorded in the "historic sites":
Qingyang City, ten miles west of the county, Han Fengyi chased the copper horse thief here. Kao Qingyang, no city, in Matoudu is eight miles west of Matoudu.
The ancient city of Qingyuan, in the northwest of the county thirteen miles, Hanzhi County, belongs to Wei County, commonly known as "Qingyang City". Han Fengyi chased the copper horse thief here.
Qingyang City Village, Qingyuan Ancient City
As for the origin of the name "Qingyuan", Li Daoyuan's "Water Jing Note" cloud:
...... Its water (refers to Qi water, called Qinghe after passing the ancient city of Guangzong) and east through the west of the ancient city of Qingyuan County, and the northwest of Li County is Qingyuan, so the county has the name of Qingyuan......
Qingyuan County is generally believed to have been placed in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty during the Gaozu period, around 200 BC.
In the first year of Zhao Jianping (330), Qingyuan County was renamed Linqing County, and moved to the vicinity of Linxi County, Hebei Province
In the 12th year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1673), the "History" of "Linqingzhou Chronicles and Construction" contains:
...... Later Zhao, the first year of Jianping changed Qingquan County to Linqing County, subordinate to Jianxing County, the name of the state began here; Yuan Wei, relocated Qingyuan County, Xiaowen Chu and analyzed the west of Linqing County......
In this record, "Qingquan County" can be considered to be Qingyuan County, and the reasons for this will be shown later.
In the first year of Zhao Jianping, Jianxing County was placed in the ancient city of Guangzong in the southeast of today's Wei County, Hebei Province, and at the same time, Qingyuan County, which was originally under Yangping County, was changed to the jurisdiction of Jianxing County, and the administrative office was moved to the vicinity of today's Linxi County in Hebei Province.
In the above records, Linqing County was placed in Linqing County at the beginning of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, but it is not clear when Linqing County disappeared in Later Zhao.
Qingyuan County during the Northern Wei Dynasty
Regarding the difference between Linqing County placed by Later Zhao and Northern Wei Dynasty, it is also expressed in the Republic of China edition of "Linqing County Chronicles":
In the southeast of Cangji Town, 35 miles west of the county, the native people are called the old county set, Wei Taihe 21 years placed, and Ye's "Continuation of Shandong Archaeological Record" county map examination is determined to be Shi Zhao's Linqing City.
"Water Jing Note" cloud: "Linqing County in the east of the water, since the beginning of Shi Zhao", is the name of Linqing began in Shi Zhao, and the county seat is in the east of the water, the Northern Wei Dynasty replaces Qingyuan County, to Taihe 21 years and do not place Linqing County in the west of Shui, that is, the old county seat of today's Cangji, and the Linqing of Shi Zhao is not the same place, now its depression is very special, there is a temple common name "Yuewa Temple", along the ruins can be examined.
In the "Linqing County Chronicles" of the Republic of China, the Qing Dynasty geographer Ye Guishou judged that the ancient city of Linqing in the Northern Wei Dynasty was also the ancient city of Linqing in Later Zhao Dynasty, and also gave the ancient cities of the two dynasties the definitions of "Linqing in the east of the water" and "Linqing in the west of the water". This conclusion has even influenced modern lovers of geography and literature and history, who have also conducted serious research on "Shuidong" and "Shuixi".
In fact, if the compiler of the Republic of China edition of "Linqing County Chronicles" carefully and carefully considers the sentence of the "Notes on the Book of Water" quoted in the chronicle: "Linqing County is placed in the east of the water, starting from Shi Zhao", you will find that what Ye Guishou said is correct, that is, the county governance of Later Zhao and Later Wei Linqing County is the same place.
Linqing County is placed in the east of the water, "from the beginning of Shi Zhao", this beginning is not only the name of Linqing from Shi Zhao, and the place of Linqing County is also from the beginning of Shi Zhao. Linqing County was placed in Shizhao after the "Shuidong", and then the "Linqing County" disappeared, and then Linqing County was restored in the Later Wei Dynasty, and the governance was still in Linqing County when Shizhao was located.
Qing Kangxi's "Linqingzhou Chronicles" map has the old city of the Later Wei Dynasty
"Water Jing Note" was written in the late Wei Dynasty, at this time Linqing has been disposed of from the western part of the Qing Dynasty, because the governance office is still in the Later Zhao Dynasty original Linqing County, so there is also a phrase "since Zhao Shishi", if the Later Wei Linqing County is newly established, there is no need to say "since Zhao Shishi".
The whole process is described in words like this:
Later Zhao Jianping in the first year of the Qingyuan County in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty moved to the "water east", because of the Linqing River, the county was renamed Linqing County. At the beginning of the Later Wei Dynasty, Linqing County was changed back to Qingyuan County, and the Qingyuan County Administration moved to Qingshui Town, Guanxian County, Shandong Province today.
In the fifth year of the reign of Linqing County to Jintianhui (1127), he migrated to Caoren Town (now Jiuxian Village, Linqing City) on the east bank of the Wei River, and lived in the "Old City of Later Wei" for about 630 years. Due to its far-reaching influence, the Ming Dynasty's "Dongchang Mansion Chronicles" and the Qing Kangxi's "Linqingzhou Chronicles" have this old city marked in the map.
The old city of the Later Wei Dynasty in the map of Linqingzhou in the Ming Dynasty's "Dongchang Mansion Chronicles".
Qingquan County and Qingshui County were obtained because of avoiding Tang Gaozu Li Yuan's obscurity, but these two names are false and true
Let's first look at the record of the "History Table of the Past Dynasties" of the 50th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty:
Han, Jizhou Department, Wei County, Qingyuan County;
Eastern Han Dynasty, Jizhou Department, Wei County, Qingyuan County;
晋，司州部，阳平郡，清泉县；
Hou Zhao, Sizhou Department, Jianxing County, Linqing County;
Yuan Wei, Sizhou Department, Yangping County, Qingyuan County;
Northern Qi, Sizhou Department, Yangping County, Qingquan County;
Sui, Jizhou Department, Qinghe County, Linqing County, Qingquan County, Shaqiu County
……
Seeing this, does it feel that the evolution of Linqing County changes very frequently, especially between Qingyuan County and Qingquan County, but if you look at "Qingquan County" as "Qingyuan County", you will find that its changes are not so complicated.
Indeed, "Qingquan County" is a name that does not exist in fact, but appears in historical documents, so much so that when later generations compiled and revised the chronicles, they cited such records, and this situation occurred.
If you look carefully at the above records, you will find that the dynasty in which "Qingquan County" appeared was between the Jin Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty. This is the answer to the appearance of "Qingquan County", because the record of this "Qingquan County" comes from the "Book of Jin" (written by Fang Xuanling and others) and "Book of Sui" (written by Wei Zheng and others) of the Tang Dynasty. The Book of Wei was written by Wei Shu of the Northern Qi Dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty had not yet appeared at that time, so the above record refers to the Book of Wei, which was still "Qingyuan County" in the Yuan and Wei dynasties.
After talking about "Qingquan County", let's take a look at "Qingshui County".
Qingyuan County was relocated from Linqing in the Later Wei Dynasty, and the administrative office was also moved to Qingshui Town, Guanxian County, Shandong Province today. In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, in order to avoid Li Yuan's suspicion, it was renamed "Qingshui County", and this county was abolished in the early years of Zhenguan, and its land was included in the crown county.
Qingshui County from the name change to the revocation, the time is very short, so many chronicles are not recorded, only in the Ming and Qing Dynasty "Shandong Tongzhi" "Guanxian" article has a sentence...... In the first year of Zhenguan, Maozhou was abolished, and Qingshui County of the province was ......", but he did not explain the origin of this "Qingshui County", so many people were confused.
After Qingshui County was abolished, it became Qingshui Town, which was recorded in the Song Dynasty's "Yuanfeng Nine Domains" and "Jin History".
Qingshui Town of the Northern Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty
清渊县、临清县、清水县3县的变迁
At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Qingyuan County;
Later Zhao, in the first year of Jianping (330), Qingyuan County was changed to Linqing County, and moved to the vicinity of Linxi County, Hebei Province;
At the beginning of the Later Wei Dynasty, Linqing County was reverted to Qingyuan County, and the administrative office was moved to Qingshui Town, Guanxian County, Shandong Province today.
Later, Wei obtained the land of Qingyuan County in 397 and relocated the county, and Qingyuan County disappeared for nearly 70 years.
In the twenty-first year of Taihe of the Later Wei Dynasty (497), the western part of Qingyuan County was relocated to Linqing County, and Linqing County disappeared for about 100 years;
At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Qingyuan County was changed to Qingshui County, and Zhenguan County was abolished into Guan County.
Qingyuan County, which is governed by Qingshui Town, has survived for about 220 years, while Qingshui County has survived for less than 10 years.
Schematic diagram of the changes of the three counties
Do you understand the situation? Feel free to discuss it at the bottom of the article.