It's the New Year, and every family's table is full of delicacies. Over the years, our vegetable baskets, rice bags, and fruit plates have not only increased in variety, but also in better and better quality. These are inseparable from the increasing improvement of planting and breeding technology in our country. Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp comes from Zhanjiang, Guangdong, which has contributed to solving the problem of eating shrimp for people across the country. The sugarcane from the guests in Guangxi makes our lives sweeter, and in the local area, it is also a sweet cause. Agriculture is related to people's livelihood and well-being. First of all, let's go to Zhanjiang to see the prawns there.
Chen Yibin is the director of the Institute of Aquatic Seedlings and Aquaculture of the Southern Base of the National 863 Program Marine Aquaculture Seed Project.
Although the Spring Festival is approaching, Chen Yibin and his colleagues are busy in the laboratory, and they are conducting intramuscular injection experiments on the new varieties of Penaeus vannamei shrimp to test disease resistance traits, that is, to inject shrimp. It has been eight years since the development and cultivation of a new species of Penaeus vannamei shrimp began in 2015.
Chen Yibin: "We have made a key breakthrough in the breeding of our second new variety of highly disease-resistant Penaeus vannamei, which is very exciting. In 2023, there is another thing that makes me even more excited, that is, General Secretary Xi came to our base, and I met the General Secretary. ”
On the morning of April 10, 2023, Xi Jinping first inspected the southern base of the National 863 Program Marine Aquaculture Seed Project located on Donghai Island, Zhanjiang City. Xi Jinping listened to a briefing on the development of marine fisheries in Guangdong Province, inspected the display of fishery varieties, and asked on-site scientific research and breeding personnel about breeding technology, seedling growth, market prices, etc.
Xi Jinping pointed out that China is a large country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, and to solve the problem of eating well and ensure food security, it is necessary to establish a big food concept, not only to ask for food from the land, but also to ask for food from the sea, cultivate the sea, raise fish, and build sea ranches and blue granaries.
Chen Yibin's sense of accomplishment comes from the results he and his colleagues have achieved over the years, and many people may have tasted this achievement in their own hands. This is the vannamei shrimp that is commonly found on the market today. In the past, the germplasm resources of Penaeus vannamei shrimp were dependent on foreign imports for a long time, which limited the development of shrimp farming industry. To this end, the mainland has set up the southern base of the 863 Program Marine Aquaculture Seed Project to carry out breeding and research and development of aquatic animals such as Penaeus vannamei.
Chen Yibin: "The base cooperated with Sun Yat-sen University to introduce multiple populations from multiple regions to form a basic group for breeding, and began to go through a generation of group breeding, plus five generations of family breeding, after about eight generations and ten years, finally in 2011, the first disease-resistant new species of Penaeus vannamei shrimp in China: Zhongxing No. 1. ”
"Zhongxing No. 1" became the first disease-resistant species of Penaeus vannamei shrimp to be recognized in China.
How to make more and more people eat better through the development of aquaculture? This is also an important part of practicing the concept of big food. What impressed Chen Yibin the most was the general secretary's attention to this point, and he was always worried about people's livelihood and well-being.
Chen Yibin: "The general secretary is very concerned, basically every variety he asks what the market price is after it is raised, and he is concerned about whether the people can afford to eat it and be able to enter the dining table of thousands of households." ”
In addition to disease resistance, as a germplasm resource for large-scale artificial farming, it is necessary to take into account the economy, so that more people can enjoy the deliciousness and nutrition of shrimp. With the continuous development of marine aquaculture, Zhanjiang's shrimp production has reached an annual output of more than 200,000 tons, becoming a veritable "shrimp capital" in the mainland. For every five shrimps in the country, 3 come from Zhanjiang.
Marine fishery farming is an important part of the big food concept, and in order to develop food resources in an all-round and multi-way way, Chen Yibin and his colleagues continue to expand the research field of germplasm resources.
At present, the large yellow croaker is the fish with the highest production of marine aquaculture fish in China, with an annual aquaculture output of 254,000 tons. There are three major populations in the country, and the giant yellow croaker of the Jinzhou nationality that grows in the waters of western Guangdong is one of them. The large yellow croaker of the Jinzhou nationality has high environmental requirements and is difficult to domesticate. In 2023, Zhanjiang will establish the Jinzhou Giant Yellow Croaker Research Institute to jointly tackle the germplasm development of the Jinzhou Giant Yellow Croaker.
With continuous research and exploration, in 2023, the institute will make phased progress in promoting the domestication and breeding of large yellow croaker of the Jinzhou ethnic group. The factory indoor breeding technology has gradually taken shape, which has laid a solid technical foundation for the later germplasm research and development and breeding work.
In addition to aquaculture breeding, in recent years, the mainland has continuously increased the intensity of breeding innovation, the number of varieties has increased significantly, the types have been continuously enriched, and a number of high-yield, stable-yield, high-quality new green varieties have been accelerated. The National Crop Germplasm Resource Bank and the Marine Fishery Resource Bank have been completed and put into operation, and 520,000 new resources have been collected in the census of agricultural germplasm resources. "Rice bags", "oil bottles" and "vegetable baskets" are filled with "Chinese seeds".
In the year of 2023, from the coast of the South China Sea to the Shandong Plain, from the Northeast Plain to the land of Bagui, from seeds and seedlings to sugarcane and pomegranates, the development of agricultural industry and the common prosperity of farmers have always been the focus of General Secretary Xi Jinping's attention.
Huo Jiali, a sugarcane farmer in Daxu Village, Fenghuang Town, Laibin, Guangxi: "I am a sugarcane farmer in Fenghuang Town, Laibin, Guangxi, and our sugarcane has started to be harvested today. The sugarcane we grow is not a fruit cane for eating, but a sugar cane that is specially used to produce sugar. This is also the busiest time for us."
Before the Spring Festival, Guangxi sugarcane enters the harvest period, and as soon as the sugarcane is cut down, it has to be peeled and bundled, waiting to be sent to the sugar factory to make sugar. Huo Jiali's family planted 10 acres of sugarcane, which can produce nearly 8 tons of sugarcane per mu. What makes her even happier is that the purchase price of sugarcane this year is also higher than last year.
On the afternoon of December 14, 2023, Xi Jinping inspected and investigated Laibin City, and inspected the harvesting scene of 10,000 acres of sugarcane forests and mechanized operations at the Huang'an high-quality double-high sugar cane base of the National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park, and listened to the introduction of the base.
Xi Jinping pointed out that Guangxi is the main sugar-producing area in the mainland, and it is necessary to strengthen and expand this characteristic and advantageous industry, and play a greater role in ensuring the safety of the national sugar industry and promoting the income of sugarcane farmers. It is necessary to actively cultivate and popularize improved varieties, improve the level of mechanized operations, build a modern agricultural industrial park, and explore the establishment of a more stable interest linkage mechanism, so that the vast number of farmers can share the fruits of rural reform and development.
Huo Jiali said that in addition to the income from sugarcane, the general secretary also asked her about her family's work situation, and calculated a general income account for her one by one. Huo Jiali said that in addition to working and planting sugarcane, the increase in income is also inseparable from state subsidies.
Huo Jiali: "The state has subsidies for (planting) sugarcane every year, subsidies for sugarcane seedlings, and subsidies for machine cultivation fees for land preparation. ”
Guangxi is the most important sugar-producing area in the mainland, with a sugarcane planting area of more than 11 million mu and sugar production accounting for about 60% of the country's total. In recent years, Guangxi has planned to build a large-scale sugar cane production base with high yield and high sugar, and at the same time, it is also actively cultivating and promoting improved varieties to further improve yield and quality.
After harvesting the sugarcane, it is necessary to turn the ground and prepare to plant the sugarcane. On this day, the agricultural technicians of Laibin City went to the fields to promote detoxified sugarcane seedlings, and introduced the national subsidy policy, using the state subsidy of 600 yuan per mu for detoxified seedlings. The seeds are good, and there are subsidies, which makes Huo Jiali moved. Not only that, but there is also a special person to follow up and guide, which makes Huo Jiali settle down and prepare to transfer some idle land and expand the planting area of sugarcane.
Today, the Huang'an sugar cane base continues to develop and become the first local high-yield and high-sugar sugar cane base of 10,000 mu, which has driven 25,000 sugarcane farmers to increase their income and become rich. As of 2023, Guangxi has built a "double-high" sugar cane production base of 5 million mu, with a stable planting area of more than 11 million mu, a stable sugar output of about 6 million tons, and a stable income of farmers planting cane at about 26 billion yuan. In the 2023/2024 crushing season, Guangxi is expected to produce 49 million tons of sugar cane, an increase of 7.8 million tons year-on-year.
Editor丨Li Jing, Zhang Hui, Zhang Hao
Camera丨Liu Wen, Yin Zhilei, Chen Jiexiong, Huang Haijun, Li Yangyang
Editing丨Xing Yongyue, Miao Jialiang
Editor in charge: Zang Ting