When going out on a long vacation, are electric vehicles really "cowardly" than fuel vehicles?

Driving an electric car on the highway, I didn't dare to think about it before, but now I dare to go on the highway on a long holiday. Although it is still not possible under extreme conditions, under normal circumstances, electric vehicles are better than fuel vehicles for long-distance running

Text | Yin Lu

Edit | mark 

As the Spring Festival approaches, people are returning home. Every long holiday, the long-distance travel problem of electric vehicles will almost be on the hot search, and being scolded during the long holiday has become a hurdle that electric vehicles can't avoid, especially during the Spring Festival holiday, under the double blow of high speed + low temperature, the performance of electric vehicles is often more unbearable, and the scolding is greater.

Especially in the recent high-speed traffic jam in Hubei, the longest time for electric vehicles to provide protection for drivers and passengers is 12-24 hours, and fuel vehicles can generally adhere to 24-48 hours of performance is very fragile, so that people have no confidence in long-distance travel to drive electric vehicles, but is the reality really so unbearable?

Electric vehicles are naturally weak in their ability to resist the limit

First of all, the ability of electric vehicles to resist extreme situations is naturally more vulnerable, which has nothing to do with energy replenishment and charging, but is determined by the natural properties of electricity.

In most natural disasters, electricity is the first power source to be interrupted, because power needs to rely on the grid, and in natural disasters, any node in the network can cause the entire network to be paralyzed, and with the convenience of daily life comes vulnerability in disasters.   

One of the main reasons why the development of electric vehicles in Japan is so slow is that Japanese consumers do not have confidence in the usability of electric vehicles in disasters.

In a disaster, it is far easier to get fuel than electricity.

Therefore, in Japan, there is a special configuration on ordinary hybrid vehicles, the vehicle cannot be charged, but it is equipped with a high-power discharge interface, which is to make the car a mobile generator that can carry a large amount of fuel in a disaster.

A simple comparison between electric vehicles and gasoline vehicles can provide protection for drivers and passengers in extreme situations, and there are huge differences in different situations. Taking high-speed traffic jams as an example, in different seasons, the conclusion of which is better or worse for electric vehicles and fuel vehicles is completely different.

If it is spring and autumn, because there is no need for air conditioning, the vehicle does not need to consume energy to maintain the temperature in the cockpit, and there is almost no difference between fuel vehicles and electric vehicles.

If it is summer, under the working condition of long-term air conditioning and refrigeration, electric vehicles are better than fuel vehicles.

In the case of parking of fuel vehicles, the engine will work for a long time will lead to insufficient heat dissipation, and the energy consumption of the air conditioner for long-term cooling will remain high and the refrigeration capacity will become worse and worse. In addition to cooling the cockpit, electric vehicles also need to maintain the battery temperature, so after the vehicle is cooled down in the initial stage, because the battery can absorb more heat, and there is no large heat source such as the engine, so in the process of maintaining the temperature in summer, the energy consumption of the electric vehicle is lower.

If it is winter, under the condition of long-term air conditioning and heating, fuel vehicles are significantly better than electric vehicles.

In low temperature conditions, the chemical properties of the battery are reduced, and the power consumption of the battery of the same power is greater, and because the electric vehicle does not have the heat source of the engine, it can only rely on electric heating and heat pumps, and the energy consumption of heating the cockpit is twice or even higher than that of the fuel vehicle, so under the extreme working conditions of high-speed traffic jam, the electric vehicle can provide protection for the driver and passengers for no more than 12 hours, and the longest is not more than 24 hours, while the fuel vehicle can generally insist on 24-48 hours.

For example, the owner of the car blocked on the Hubei Expressway introduced that the fuel car starts the engine, turns on the air conditioner for 20 minutes, and the car will be completely cold after an hour and a half after shutting down.   

But if it is an electric car, turn on the air conditioner for 20 minutes, and it will be completely cold after no more than 30 minutes after it is turned off, and the process of starting the air conditioner from cold to warm is very power-consuming, the heating power is more than 6 kilowatts, and the power consumption is more than 2 kilowatt-hours after 20 minutes, and a car with a battery capacity of 60 kilowatt-hours can only support 30 such cycles at most, and then counting driving and other energy consumption, insisting on 24 hours is already the limit of electric vehicles.

Under normal circumstances, electric vehicles are more comfortable for long distances

Extreme vulnerability does not mean that electric vehicles cannot run long distances, as the range of electric vehicles increases and the charging network improves,

When there are no extreme conditions, high-speed and long-distance driving within 1,000 kilometers, electric vehicles have been comparable to the efficiency of fuel vehicles.

Every long holiday, the highway service area charging queue, in order to compete for the charging pile conflict news often on the hot search, but the service area charging is actually the most unrecommended charging method for electric vehicle long holidays, drive out of the highway, go to the nearest urban area for charging, often can find a charging station with faster charging speed and better rest conditions, because there is no need to queue, the charging speed is fast, the time cost is almost the same, and the charging experience is greatly improved.

Take the author's personal experience as an example, starting from Beijing, driving to Luoyang, the whole journey is about 900 kilometers, in the past it took about 9 hours to drive a fuel vehicle, before the Spring Festival, driving an electric car with a nominal range of 610 kilometers, in a shopping mall in Shijiazhuang and a hotel in Anyang for fast charging, it took a total of 10 hours to arrive in Luoyang.

The first time you charge in the basement of the mall, you can eat and rest in the mall, and the second time you charge in the parking lot of a hotel in Anyang, and the rest conditions are much better than in the service area. The maximum charging power of both charging stations is more than 200 kilowatts, and the actual charging power is around 100 kilowatts, which is much higher than the charging speed in the service area.   

Therefore, the anxiety of energy replenishment caused by the insufficient charging conditions in the high-speed service area is not really anxiety, but the anxiety caused by the lack of understanding of the charging conditions along the way. In this regard, various navigation software and charging software should make more efforts, in the charging planning of electric vehicle navigation routes, more consideration can be given to the charging conditions in the urban area along the way, the charging station with faster speed, the past queuing is serious, the charging station in the service area with low charging efficiency is excluded from the planning, and the charging plan should also be adjusted according to the real-time charging queuing situation, and the queuing data accumulated in the past few years has been enough to support the navigation software to carry out such intelligent route planning.

In addition to the problem of energy replenishment, the experience of long-distance travel of electric vehicles is better than that of fuel vehicles.

At high speed, the noise and vibration of the fuel vehicle engine are huge obstacles to comfort, and the optimization of the wind resistance coefficient of fuel vehicles is generally not as good as that of electric vehicles, so the wind noise is generally higher. Electric vehicles are generally more stable at high speeds due to their heavier bodies and better aerodynamics.

Less noise, lighter vibration, more stable body, long-distance driving of electric vehicles, more friendly to drivers and passengers, especially to drivers, the same mileage of long-distance driving, under the premise of proper energy planning, the fatigue of driving electric vehicles is lower than that of fuel vehicles.

Therefore, many times driving electric vehicles in the long holiday peak period long-distance travel, the decision to travel experience is not how the driver's driving skills are, but how to replenish the planning ability, don't always stare at the service area of the old and slow queue charging pile, broaden your vision a little, look at the urban areas along the way, you will find that today's electric car long-distance travel, even during the peak period of the long holiday is not difficult.

Editor-in-charge: Xiao Zhenyu

Visual China

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