Overview of Jingpeng - Memories of the Development Work of Jingpeng County (2)
(November 1945 to January 1947)
Lu Di
The warp shed has a long history, the ancient pine forest is dense, and it is called the flat pine forest. According to legend, it was named after the missionary lamas who cut down trees and built sheds to collect scriptures and live there. According to the examination, through the border of Peng County, there were northern ethnic minorities living in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and it belonged to Yingchang Road in the Yuan Dynasty;
The ruins of Yingchang Road are on the west bank of Dalinor Lake in today's Keshiketeng Banner, which was an important town of the Mongol Empire in the Yuan Dynasty. After the last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, Tuhuan Timur, was driven out of Beijing by the Ming Dynasty and fled to Yingchang, so Yingchang Road effectively became the last capital of the Yuan Dynasty.
In the ninth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty set up the Zhaowuda League Keshiketeng Banner. During the Jiaqing period, Daoguang set up an inspection department in Baicha in the fifth year, which belonged to the Chahar Duolunnuoer Hall, which was in charge of the reclamation management of the Han people.
In the 3rd year of the Republic of China (1914), Jingpeng County of Rehe Special Zone was established. During the Japanese puppet rule, the name of the county was abolished, and the Keshiketeng Banner was restored, which was under the jurisdiction of the puppet Xing'an West Province, the banner bounded Linxi County in the east, the enclosure in the south, the border with Duolun in the west, and the Xilin Gol League Uzhumuqin grassland in the north, which was the main trade road in history.
When the shed was in the puppet Manchurian, it was the location of the Keshiketeng Banner Office, the whole banner governed 12 Nutuk (equivalent to the district), the population was about 80,000, there were mainly Mongolian, Han and Hui three ethnic groups, the Han nationality accounted for the majority, engaged in agriculture, distributed in 10 Nutuke, the Mongolian nationality was mainly engaged in animal husbandry, and lived in two pure animal husbandry Nutuke, a few were distributed in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas, and most of the Hui people were concentrated in cities and towns, engaged in commerce.
The banner is rich in products, fertile land, rich in wheat, wheat and millet, livestock products are more than sufficient, exported to other places, in exchange for farmers and herdsmen's daily necessities. There is a large area of primeval forest to the north of Huanggangliang.
There is a Dalinor Lake in the grassland, it is one of the four major lakes in Inner Mongolia, the water surface is more than 40 million acres, the radius is more than 200 miles, the aquatic products are abundant, there are more slippery fish (also known as crucian carp fish), the body is pale yellow with black markings, the meat is tender and delicious, and it has enjoyed a good reputation for a long time. There are also many rivers that can be used for power generation and irrigation.
However, under the long-term rule of the ruling class and the Japanese puppet government, the broad masses of the people were deeply oppressed and exploited by the imperialist and feudal forces, and lived in extreme poverty and were in dire straits.
At the beginning of September 1945, the Soviet Red Army attacked Japan's invading army in the northeast (i.e., the Kwantung Army) with lightning speed, passing through Jingshan, and the enemy puppet regime quickly collapsed. For about three months, no one took over the place, so the feudal landlords colluded with the remnants of the enemy and puppet forces to organize the Jingpeng County Maintenance Association, which was called "Maintaining Local Law and Order, Guarding Against Bandits", which was actually to maintain the rule of the feudal forces.
The maintenance committee also set up a public security team with thirty or forty guns. Maintenance branches were set up in each district, with an average of more than 10 guns in each district, all in the hands of landlord elements. In the name of patriotism, a handful of puppet military and political personnel encircled and paralyzed a number of intellectuals, youths and social figures, opposed us, praised the Kuomintang, and said that "the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was the credit of Chairman Chiang," hoping for the early arrival of the Kuomintang Central Army.
At this time, Zhang Tongxuan's bandits, claiming to be the Central Army, invaded the economic shed from the paddock, and although they did not enter the city, they colluded with the landlord reactionaries to carry out reactionary propaganda. The broad masses of the people have a vague understanding of our party and our army because of the enemy's puppet rule for a long time and the deceptive propaganda of the Kuomintang reactionaries.