How did the Shang Dynasty come about? In the "Book of Songs: Ode to Shang", there is a cloud in "Xuanniao": the Xuanniao of Heaven's destiny descended to give birth to Shang, and the house was full of earth and mangmang. This is a mythical story: the mother of the ancestor of the Shang clan, Qi, ate a blackbird (swallow) egg by the Yellow River and gave birth to Qi. The deed assisted Yu to control the water, and was enshrined in the commercial land, and was given the surname. Around 1600 B.C., this tribe with Shang as its clan name created a total of 17 generations and 31 kings, which lasted for more than 500 years of the Shang Dynasty, the founding king of the Shang Dynasty is Cheng Tang, and the Shang Dynasty also opened the curtain of the Bronze Age.
Since Kong Jia, the Xia Dynasty has been living day by day, while the power of the Xia princes and merchants is gradually growing. The 14th Shang Marquis Tang, assisted by Zhong Yu (huī) and Yi Yin, defeated the last Xia king. Speaking of this Yi Yin, he is still the world's No. 1 chef who has changed his life against the sky. Yi Yin was born in a slave family, his father was a chef, Yi Yin's son inherited his father's business, and later coincidentally became a cook for Shang Tang as a slave. Shang Tang soon discovered that Yi Yin was a rare talent, so he appointed him and Zhong Yu as his right and left hands to destroy Xia Wei together.
Shang Tang made a lot of military preparations in order to destroy Xia Ji, but it was inevitable that Xia Ji would not know about his actions if he was too big, so he was decisively arrested by Xia Ji and put in a water prison to torture, and was later exchanged by Zhong Yu and Yi Yin with money and beauties.
The day of the destruction of summer finally came, and in the field of Narutiao in the east of Fengqiu, Henan, the two armies launched a decisive battle that determined the fate of history. Before the decisive battle began, Tang read out the "Tang Oath" written by Xia Xuan, and the morale of the army was greatly boosted, and the Xia army was defeated. The first slavery dynasty in Chinese history came to an end.
There is a hymn in "The Book of Poetry: Ode to Commerce": "In the past, there was a soup, since the other side of the Qiang, don't dare not come to enjoy, don't dare not come to the king, said that business is constant." After the world returned to the center, the Shang Dynasty made a leap forward in the state form, and he incorporated parts of Xia culture and developed his own cultural advantages. The biggest change was that he had a central city as the capital, and a center for political and cultural sacrifices, which was still very important to a country at that time.
After the victory of Shang Tang, he ordered people to move the nine bronze tripods cast by Xia Yu after the princes of the Tushan Conference, that is, the treasure of the town of the Xia Dynasty, to the capital of Shang Wang, which shows that Xia and Shang, who both belong to the Chinese civilization, are the political symbols of Chinese orthodoxy in the same line.
Next, we have to introduce two groups of famous emperors of the Shang Dynasty:
Pan Geng: The throne of the Shang King has been passed all the way down to Pan Geng, which has become a bad card, internal and external troubles, and crises, Pan Geng decided to move the capital for the sixth time since Tang. Merchants like to move their capitals, one because of the flooding of the Yellow River, and the other because of power struggles. In short, Pangeng still braved the difficulties to move to Yindi, and the Shang Dynasty after that was called the Yin Shang Dynasty, Yin Shang or Yin Dynasty. Historiography in the past usually took Pangeng and Qianyin as two successive eras, the first was called the early Shang period, and the latter was called the late Shang period. After Pangeng moved to Yin, the Shang kingdom gradually became stronger, and from the archaeological point of view of Yinxu, this is the first capital site in Chinese history that has been documented and confirmed by archaeology and oracle bone inscriptions.
Wu Ding and his wife are good: two people, the husband Wu Ding is good at governing the country, and the wife is good at galloping on the battlefield, big business, and invincible. At that time, the national strength of the Shang Kingdom reached its historical peak, and it was thousands of miles away from Banggi, known as the prosperous era of Wuding in history, and it was really not easy for the mom-and-pop shop to open to this extent. However, yin and yang ebb and flow, and in the prosperous era of Wuding, the Zhou family, the gravediggers of the Shang Dynasty, gradually climbed out of the horizon of history.
The history of Dashang has finally ushered in sunset. King Shang's grandfather Wen Ding suspected that Zhou Hou Guo had bad intentions, so he killed Ji Li, the father of King Zhou Wen Ji Chang. After Emperor Xin, the king of Shang, succeeded to the throne, this king of Shang was tall and brave, able to fight fierce beasts with his bare hands, and he was determined to establish immortality since he was a child. He also felt that his grandfather was right, and the development of Zhou Houguo was so good that it would eventually be a disaster, so he wanted to get rid of Ji Li's son Ji Chang as well.
After Ji Chang was imprisoned by King Zhou for seven years, King Zhou couldn't help the sugar-coated cannonball of money and beauty and released Ji Chang, who could write "Zhou Yi" and deduce gossip. After Ji Chang's son Ji Fa ascended the throne, with the assistance of Jiang Ziya, Zhou Gongdan, Zhao Gongxiao (shì), Bi Gonggao and other high-ranking people, after the famous Battle of Makino, he eliminated the Great Shang Dynasty in one fell swoop and began the rule of the Great Zhou Dynasty.
There is an interesting thing about the King of Warfare. King Wu of Zhou, who believed in the Mandate of Heaven during the war, ordered people to divination. The omen is unlucky. It so happened that at this time, the sky was full of dark clouds and violent storms. King Wu wants to be a merchant who is appointed by God, and I want to cut down Shang now, can the mandate of heaven be violated? At the critical moment, Lu Shang stood up and resolutely facilitated this matter.
In fact, it was the deep inner concept of the Zhou people that Shang was let by God to rule the world. The Zhou people have always called themselves "Xiaobang Zhou", and called Shang "Dabang Yin" and "Dayi Shang". A dynasty that has ruled the world for 600 years, and the common people take this world for granted.
Afterwards, the Zhou people made a post-war summary of the matter. There is a cloud in "The Book of Songs, Daya, and Dang", "Swinging God, the people are opened." Mighty God, his life is many. Born with a people, his fate is a traitor. There is no beginning, and there is an end. "King Wen said to consult, consult the female Yin Shang. People also say: the upheaval is revealed, the branches and leaves are not harmful, and the truth is dialed first. Yin Jian is not far away, in the world after the summer. "The God of Heaven sent a destiny to you, but you did not cherish it, so God changed his original promise and destroyed the Shang Dynasty. King Wen's virtue made the heavens descend on Zhou, realizing the miracle of "Xiaobang Zhou" replacing "Dayi Shang". This simple view changed the previous concept of theocratic supremacy and became an ideological emancipation in Chinese history.