Planting eggplant fruits, melons, fruits and other flowering and fruiting crops, our farmers hope that they can bear more and more fruits and achieve high yields and harvests. After the crop blooms and sets fruits, whether the young fruit can grow smoothly and whether the young fruit can eventually grow into a high-quality large fruit depends on two aspects: (1) first, the number of pulp cells in the young fruit is divided enough (the early stage of fruit expansion), and the number of pulp cells is enough to divide is the basis for whether the fruit can grow into a large fruit; (2) the second is to see whether the individual pulp cell in the young fruit grows large enough (the middle and late stage of the fruit expansion), and the fruit tree cells grow fast and longitudinally and vertically, and the young fruit expands quickly and bears large fruit.
For a fruit in the expansion and development period, whether it is the increase in the division of pulp cells or the increase in the size of pulp cells, this requires the crop to have sufficient and comprehensive supply of water and fertilizer nutrients during the fruit expansion period, because the expansion and weight gain of young fruits and the color and sweetening are the results of the cooperation and synergy of a variety of nutrients in the crop body, although the role of these nutrients in the fruit process is large and small, fast and slow. There are direct and indirect, but as long as the crop lacks any kind during the fruit expansion period, the expansion speed, expansion process, and fruit size of the young fruit will be greatly affected, resulting in the fruit trees on the crop can not grow high-quality and high-yield large fruits smoothly.
At this point, you can refer to the "barrel theory" of plant nutrition - when all other fertilizer nutrients are in sufficient supply, the nutrient element that is most lacking in the crop expansion period is the key to restricting fruit expansion. Only when we supplement the crop with this nutrient that it lacks, can the young fruit grow smoothly.
Therefore, it is a problem that many farmers often ignore and often make mistakes to blindly and prematurely apply a large amount of potassium fertilizer to crops during the crop expansion period, while ignoring the reasonable addition of nutrients in other fruit expansion fertilizers. Then the question comes: In addition to potassium fertilizer, what fertilizer nutrients are related to fruit expansion? What fertilizers do crops need to be reasonably supplemented during the fruit expansion period to ensure the smooth expansion and development of fruits? Today, the agricultural technology small back basket will take the management of fruit tree expansion as an example, and give you a special talk about the problems of fertilization during the fruit expansion period, and you can also refer to it when planting other flowering and fruiting crops.
The first indispensable fertilizer nutrient in the fruit expansion stage - nitrogen
As mentioned above, since the young fruit needs to divide a sufficient number of pulp cells, it also needs a single cell in the young fruit to quickly elongate and become larger, and the combination of the two can make the young fruit expand quickly and develop into a large fruit.
The first point: the nitrogen in nitrogen fertilizer can help the fruit to speed up the division of pulp cells and accelerate the elongation and increase of single cells in the pulp, which is very important in the young fruit expansion period of fruit trees, and in the early stage of young fruit expansion, nitrogen has a stronger effect on promoting the expansion of young fruits than potassium in promoting the expansion of young fruits - "nitrogen deficiency does not grow fruits, and nitrogen deficiency fruits are not big".
The second point: if the fruit tree lacks nitrogen nutrients after fruit setting until before the fruit veraison, then the young fruit in the early stage of fruit expansion will form a large number of incomplete cell membranes and inhibit the ability to divide the pulp cells due to the hindrance of protein synthesis of fruit pulp cells, which will lead to a significant reduction in the number of pulp cells divided in the rapid development period of young fruits, resulting in the inability of young fruits to grow large fruits in the later stage, and nitrogen deficiency will also inhibit the elongation and expansion of fruit cells in young fruits, resulting in stunted growth of young fruits.
Therefore, for fruit trees, in the early stage of fruit expansion after the young fruit sits, we must pay attention to the appropriate supplementation of nitrogen fertilizer to ensure that there is no nitrogen deficiency in the early stage of fruit expansion, especially in the first expansion period of young fruits, at this time, the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer nitrogen is the key to promote fruit expansion.
In this agricultural technology basket also reminds everyone: (1) in the early stage of fruit expansion after fruit tree flowering and fruit setting, we must not blindly use a large amount of high potassium fertilizer, although the entire young fruit expansion period is inseparable from potassium, but in the early stage of fruit expansion (the first fruit expansion period, before the hard core period and even before the fruit tree turns color) there is nitrogen to stimulate the rapid expansion of fruit trees, for potassium, wait until the middle and late stage of fruit expansion (the second fruit expansion period to before the color and maturity) and then use a large amount of high potassium fertilizer, because at this time a large amount of potassium supplementation can promote the fruit to improve the single weight of the fruit, Increase the sweetness of sugar and improve taste quality. (2) When supplementing nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of fruit tree expansion, it must be appropriate amount, otherwise the amount of nitrogen fertilizer will be too large to stimulate the excessive growth of branches and leaves, and only the branches will not grow fruits.
The second fertilizer nutrient that cannot be missing during the fruit expansion period is phosphorus
For the use of phosphate fertilizer, most fruit farmers know that they can promote rooting and flowering and fruit setting by applying phosphorus fertilizer to fruit trees, but what many fruit farmers do not know is that phosphorus deficiency in fruit trees will directly affect the expansion and development of fruits. Many fruit growers may know that "nitrogen supplementation in the early stage of fruit expansion and potassium supplementation in the later stage of fruit expansion" may be known during the fruit expansion period, thus ignoring phosphorus supplementation and directly affecting the fruit expansion.
Why do you say that? The small back basket of agricultural technology will give you a brief explanation here:
The first point: phosphorus is the energy source that promotes the transfer of nutrients to the fruit part of the fruit tree and promotes the rapid expansion and development of the fruit, or it can be said that phosphorus is the power source to ensure the normal growth and development of the fruit tree, because phosphorus can synthesize and provide energy substances for the growth and development of the fruit tree.
The second point: if the fruit tree has sufficient supply of phosphorus fertilizer nutrients in the fruit expansion period, then the fruit tree will not only enhance the water and fertilizer absorption capacity of the root system, but also provide sufficient power and energy for the growth and development of the fruit tree, at the same time, the organic nutrients in the fruit tree will speed up, and the ability of the tree to transport organic nutrients will be enhanced, then the fruit part of the fruit tree can be expanded and developed faster because of faster and more nutrients - the number of division of the pulp cells in the early stage of the fruit expansion is more fast, and the single pulp cell grows faster and grows larger. The whole fruit will grow bigger in the later stage.
The third point: if the fruit tree lacks the fertilizer nutrients of phosphorus in the fruit expansion period (especially in the early to middle stage of fruit expansion), then the young fruit will expand slowly and grow small, in addition, because of the lack of phosphorus, the fruit part will absorb and accumulate organic nutrients The ability to absorb and accumulate organic nutrients becomes poor, so the sugar content, taste, flavor, quality and other aspects of the fruit will also be greatly affected.
Therefore, the small back basket of agricultural technology reminds us that when we usually plant fruit trees, we should not only increase phosphorus fertilizer appropriately to promote root growth and enhance the vitality of root water and fertilizer absorption in the root system during the vigorous root growth period (spring root wang period, summer root wang long period, and autumn root wang long period), not only to supplement phosphate fertilizer to fruit trees before and after the flowering period to promote flowering and fruiting, and improve flowering and fruit setting rate, but also pay attention to supplementing phosphate fertilizer in the early to middle stage of young fruit expansion, so as to ensure that young fruits have sufficient power and energy to expand smoothly and quickly. Generally speaking, when the fruit trees with normal growth are applied to the fruit fertilizer after the flowers and fruit set (the first fruit expansion period), the agricultural technology small back basket recommends that you try to take nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balanced fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balance supply supplement, it is recommended to use water-soluble fertilizer), do not blindly only know to use a large number of high potassium fertilizer.
The third fertilizer nutrient that cannot be missing during the fruit expansion period is zinc
Farmers who know a little bit about the nutrition of fruit tree fertilization should know that fruit trees are prone to lobular disease due to zinc deficiency. But what most growers don't know is that zinc deficiency in fruit trees can not only cause microlobite disease, but also affect the expansion and development of fruit trees on the tree. Why do you say that zinc deficiency in fruit trees will affect the expansion and growth of fruits?
Reason 1: The enlargement of the fruit can increase the content of indoleacetic acid in the fruit, and then improve the ability of the fruit and the branches and leaves to compete for the organic nutrients in the tree, so as to accelerate the rapid expansion and development of young fruits. If the fruit lacks zinc fertilizer at the fruit expansion stage and the indoleacetic acid content in the young fruit is low, then the young fruit does not have enough ability to compete with the branches and leaves for tree nutrients, resulting in slow fruit expansion and small fruit bearing due to the insufficient supply of organic nutrients in the fruit expansion stage.
Reason 2: the smooth expansion of the fruit, the fruit shape is correct, can not be separated from the healthy development of the seeds inside the fruit tree, and the healthy development of zinc multi-fruit seeds has a more obvious role in promoting (zinc can improve the weak position of seed development), if the fruit tree is deficient in zinc during the expansion period, it will cause the fruit seed to develop poorly, in this way, the lack of zinc will not only affect the fruit expansion, but also easily lead to different fruit sizes, fruit development deformity, uneven fruit grains, if the tree through the common size of the fruit, fruit deformity, fruit seedless, Many of the problems such as fruit cavities are caused by zinc deficiency during the fruit expansion period.
Reason 3: The process of fruit enlargement is actually the process of young fruits continuously absorbing and accumulating organic nutrients, and the main organs and tissues of fruit trees to produce organic nutrients are branches and leaves (green leaves produce and synthesize organic nutrients through photosynthesis), so the stronger the ability of green leaves of fruit trees to photosynthesize and produce organic nutrients, the more organic nutrients are synthesized, the faster the young fruit expands and the larger the fruit size develops. However, zinc deficiency very much leads to the problems of green leaves turning green and yellowing, narrow and thin leaves, and small leaves and small branches in fruit trees, thus greatly weakening the ability of green leaf photosynthesis to produce and synthesize organic nutrients in fruit trees.
There is another reason that we should also briefly understand: zinc can enhance the metabolism of the new generation of fruit trees and improve the activity of a variety of enzymes in the tree, which is very helpful to enhance the cold resistance of fruit trees during the spring flowering and fruiting period, and is conducive to ensuring the smooth flowering and fruiting of fruit trees. If the fruit tree has a serious low temperature frost damage such as the inverted spring cold during the spring flowering and fruiting period, can the flowering and fruit setting rate of the fruit tree and the expansion and development of young fruits still be guaranteed?
Therefore, when we plant fruit trees, we can not let the fruit trees lack zinc fertilizer, especially not let the fruit trees lack zinc nutrients in the fruit expansion period, if the fruit trees in your orchard do not properly supplement zinc fertilizer (zinc sulfate) when applying base fertilizer in autumn, then the agricultural technology small back basket recommends that you should be able to sprout and spread the leaves of the fruit trees in the spring to the fruit trees before flowering and fruit setting (at the latest before the expansion of the fruit and forming) to spray the method of zinc-containing foliar fertilizer (chelated zinc, etc.), to the fruit trees to focus on supplementing zinc this nutrient element, so as not to affect the normal expansion and development of the fruit on your fruit trees。
The fourth fertilizer nutrient that cannot be missing during the fruit expansion period is magnesium
Compared with other nutrients that promote fruit expansion, magnesium is a nutrient element and the use of magnesium fertilizer, our fruit farmers may know less and use less, but magnesium is very helpful to enhance the ability of fruit trees to produce organic nutrients and promote the accumulation of nutrients in young fruits. Why do you say that? Agricultural technology basket to give you a brief explanation:
The first point: magnesium is the constituent substance of chlorophyll in the leaves of fruit trees (magnesium deficiency leaves are yellowing), which can promote the formation of chlorophyll in the leaves and increase the content of chlorophyll in the leaves, and chlorophyll is the basis for photosynthesis in the leaves of fruit trees, and the photosynthesis of leaves is the main source of organic nutrients required for the growth and development of fruit branches, leaves, flowers and fruits. Therefore, magnesium supplementation in the new growth period before flowering can make the fruit tree synthesize more nutrients and improve the flowering and fruit setting rate, and in the young fruit expansion period after the fruit tree is flowering and fruit setting, the fruit tree can synthesize more nutrients to promote the rapid expansion of the fruit and increase the sweetening and weight increase. To put it simply, magnesium supplementation can enhance the photosynthesis ability of fruit trees to produce nutrients (hypertrophy of green leaves, enhance metabolic function), and indirectly promote the rapid and good expansion and development of fruits.
The second point: if the fruit tree lacks magnesium fertilizer during the fruit expansion period, it will cause the leaves of the fruit tree to lose green and yellow, the photosynthesis ability will be weakened, and the amount of synthetic organic nutrients will be reduced, which will lead to the weakening of the fruit tree due to the insufficient supply of organic nutrients, and the fruit will inhibit the expansion and development of young fruits due to the decrease in the supply of organic nutrients.
The third point: magnesium can enhance the photosynthesis ability of fruit tree leaves and promote fruit expansion, magnesium also has a certain impact on the development of fruit seeds, if the fruit tree is deficient in magnesium, it will lead to inhibition of seed development in the fruit and lighter grains, which will also increase the size of the fruit and increase the single weight of the fruit to cause a certain reduction in yield.
Therefore, if you want to make the fruit better expand and develop, especially the fruit trees with a large amount of flowering and fruiting (easy to lack magnesium), then the agricultural technology small back basket recommends that you spray and beat a dozen magnesium-containing foliar fertilizer (such as chelated magnesium) in the new growth period of the fruit tree or in the fruit tree expansion period, which is very conducive to the expansion, color change, sweetening and weight gain of young fruits.
The fifth fertilizer nutrient that cannot be missing during the fruit expansion stage - boron
For boron fertilizer and boron nutrients, most of our farmers may only know that the fruit tree before and after the flowering period to supplement boron fertilizer, can play a role in improving the quality of flowering, increasing the flowering rate, many fruit farmers may not know that boron deficiency in the fruit tree expansion period will directly affect the expansion and development of the fruit (in serious cases, it will also cause a large number of young fruits to fall early), reasonable boron supplementation during the young fruit expansion period can promote better fruit expansion and growth, especially after the first expansion period after fruit setting to before the fruit turns color. Both potassium and boron enhance the transport of nutrients in the tree (potassium determines where nutrients are transported, and boron affects the rate at which potassium transports nutrients).
Why do you say that? The small back basket of agricultural technology will also give you a brief introduction here:
The first point: boron, can not only effectively promote the division of fruit cells, but also can effectively promote the elongation of fruit cells, especially in the flowering period and the early stage of young fruit expansion when boron nutrients are most needed, if the fruit tree is deficient in boron at the fruit stage, then it will definitely have a significant inhibitory effect on the normal flowering and fruit setting of fruit trees and the smooth expansion and development of young fruits.
The second point: boron mainly exists in the relatively young organs and tissues on the fruit tree (such as new roots, new leaves, new slightly, top growth points, flowers, fruits, etc.), which can effectively promote the organic nutrients synthesized and manufactured by the green leaves of fruit trees to the downward (root parts) and upward (growth points and young fruits and other young tissues) through the phloem transport, if the fruit tree lacks boron at the fruiting stage, then the ability of tree nutrients to the root system and to the young fruit will be weakened, which is also easy to lead to root rot root tips. The top growth point wilts and dies, which can also easily lead to the inability of young fruits to sit, the obstruction of fruit expansion, and the increase of coarse-skinned fruits, cracked fruits, and rotten fruits. In addition, boron supplementation can drive the absorption of calcium by fruit trees, and when boron deficiency is serious, it will cause a large number of fruit rot and cracked fruits, and generally fruit trees spray foliar fertilizer as much as possible to spray boron and calcium together;
Therefore, if we fruit farmers want the fruits on your fruit trees to grow into high-quality large fruits, we must not ignore the use of boron fertilizer during the fruit expansion period (especially in the early stage of fruit expansion after sitting on the fruit). Under normal circumstances, it is recommended that you use potassium dihydrogen phosphate with boron fertilizer and calcium fertilizer to spray once each during the flower bud differentiation period of fruit trees, before flowering, and at the early stage of fruit tree young fruit expansion, so as to improve the quality of flower bud differentiation, improve the flowering and seed setting rate, and promote the smooth expansion and development of young fruits.
Sixth: the elements that cannot be missing during the fruit expansion period - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
The expansion of the fruit not only requires the comprehensive supplementation and unity of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, boron, zinc, magnesium and other fertilizer nutrients, but also the three elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen must not be missing during the fruit expansion period, otherwise the fruit will not be able to expand and develop. These 3 kinds of puffed fruit elements generally do not need to be supplemented by our fruit farmers (when there is a lot of bad weather in the low temperature season in winter and spring, some closed greenhouses can be planted with carbon fertilizer appropriately), and the small back basket of agricultural technology is here to give you a brief explanation, and you can simply understand it.
(1) About the puffed fruit elements - oxygen and hydrogen
These two bulging elements are very easy to understand: the expansion and development of young fruits need to absorb, consume, and reserve a large amount of water, and a full fruit contains a lot of water to be delicious and juicy, if the fruit lacks water, it cannot expand and develop normally, and water is composed of two elements, hydrogen and oxygen, so as long as our fruit farmers ensure that there is no shortage of water in the orchard soil during the fruit expansion period, and the root system of fruit trees can normally absorb enough water from the underground soil, then the fruit tree expansion period will not affect the normal expansion of fruit due to lack of oxygen and hydrogen.
(2) About the bulking fruit element - carbon
(1) The average value of carbon content in plants (including fruit trees) is generally about 45%, and fruit trees and other plants will starve if carbon is lacking during the growth and development period.
(2) The photosynthesis of plants (including fruit trees) must have the participation of carbon elements in order to carry out normally, fruit trees and fruits and vegetables and other crops grow in closed greenhouses in the low temperature season of winter and spring, if the temperature is low, continuous clouds, rain and snow are seriously insufficient, and the greenhouse is not ventilated and ventilated, then the crops planted in the shed will be unable to carry out photosynthesis normally or the photosynthesis is too weak because of serious carbon deficiency, and then there will be stunted growth and development, difficulty in flowering and fruiting, and it is difficult for fruit expansion and coloring. A series of production reduction problems such as a sharp decline in yield and quality. Our farmers who grow vegetables should know that in winter, when encountering continuous coverage and insulation, ineffective ventilation and lighting, and weak photosynthesis, the use of gas carbon fertilizer for vegetables in the shed can often promote the vegetables in the shed to achieve stable production and increase income smoothly in the adversity environment.
(3) Plants (including fruit trees) generally do not need to use carbon fertilizer for carbon supplementation under normal circumstances, because fruit trees can absorb water-soluble carbon in the soil through their roots, and they can also absorb gaseous carbon in the air through their leaves. Therefore, for fruit trees planted in outdoor orchards, although carbon is a large number of necessary elements during the fruit expansion period, we do not need to use carbon fertilizer to supplement carbon for fruit trees.
So much has been introduced to the scriptures, now everyone should know why only a large amount of potassium fertilizer may not be able to grow into a large fruit during the fruit expansion period, and also know why a variety of fertilizer elements should be supplemented together during the fruit expansion period, after all, the expansion and development of a fruit is the result of the joint action of a variety of nutrients, and a single potassium fertilizer cannot make the fruit grow into a high-quality large fruit smoothly!
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