Abstract: The National Development and Reform Commission recently revised and released the "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalogue (2024 Edition)", and "Labor Daily" interviewed Professor Gao Xiangdong of the Department of Economics and Management of East China Normal University.
A few days ago, the National Development and Reform Commission revised and issued the "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalogue (2024 Edition)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Catalogue"), which will come into force on February 1.
What is the significance of the implementation of the "Catalogue" and what impact will it have on Shanghai's production and life? The reporter of "Labor Daily" interviewed Professor Gao Xiangdong of the Faculty of Economics and Management of East China Normal University to interpret the relevant contents of the "Catalogue".
China's industrial upgrading has a "baton"
"The catalogue is a guide to China's industrial development, is the 'baton' of industrial restructuring, and plays a very important role in strengthening the country's macroeconomic regulation and control, guiding the flow of social resources, and promoting industrial restructuring, optimization and upgrading. When introducing the significance of the "Catalog", Gao Xiangdong said.
It is understood that the "Catalogue" is an important basis for guiding the direction of social investment, the government managing investment projects, and formulating and implementing policies on finance and taxation, credit, land, import and export. As a basic and comprehensive industrial policy, it involves many industries and covers a wide range of fields.
It consists of three categories: encouragement, restriction and elimination
Specifically, the Catalogue consists of three categories of catalogues: encouraged, restricted and eliminated, with a total of 1,005 entries, including 352 encouraged, 231 restricted, and 422 eliminated. Compared with the past, the encouraged category has added "intelligent manufacturing", "agricultural machinery and equipment", "CNC machine tools", "network security" and other industry categories and related fields that are conducive to industrial optimization and upgrading, and the restricted and eliminated categories have added "fire protection" and "construction" industry categories and related fields that do not meet the requirements of green development and safe production, further encourage and support the development of advanced production capacity, limit and eliminate backward production capacity in accordance with laws and regulations, prevent blind investment and low-level duplicate construction, and effectively promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure.
Gao Xiangdong said that because the "Catalogue" is of great significance, its revision and release are also very cautious. The first edition of the Catalogue was published in 2005, and it was revised three times in 2011, 2013 and 2019, and nearly 20 years have passed before the 2024 edition was recently released. The revision of the "Catalogue" not only focuses on the current situation of domestic industries, but also integrates with the development of the global economy, and its implementation will promote the mainland to accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system with intelligent, green, integrated characteristics and in line with the requirements of integrity, advancement and safety.
Shanghai's industrial advantages will be further highlighted
When interpreting the Catalogue, Gao Xiangdong emphasized the role of Shanghai's industrial development.
Taking the new "intelligent manufacturing" encouraged by the "Catalogue" as an example, the "Catalogue" encourages intelligent manufacturing to promote industrial technological change and optimization and upgrading, accelerate the promotion and application of new intelligent manufacturing technologies, and promote the transformation of the manufacturing industry model.
Shanghai is the industrial benchmark of China's intelligent manufacturing. It is understood that Shanghai has cultivated a total of 3 national benchmark intelligent factories, 19 national demonstration intelligent factories, and 111 national intelligent manufacturing excellent scenarios, with the total output value of intelligent manufacturing system integration industry exceeding 60 billion yuan, and the scale of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry exceeding 100 billion yuan. This year, Shanghai will also build 70 new municipal-level smart factories.
The implementation of the "Catalogue" will further promote the development of advanced industries represented by intelligent manufacturing, and Shanghai can expand the scale of relevant industries and upgrade the structure of relevant industries according to the encouraged catalogue, so as to continuously highlight industrial advantages and highlight Shanghai's characteristics.
At the same time, Gao Xiangdong introduced that the "Catalogue" is appropriately coarse, and the encouraged catalogue mainly plays a guiding role, combining the thickness and the fineness; The "Catalogue" gives clear guidance to enterprises to adjust the direction of development, so that enterprises have more confidence and courage to invest, and then will introduce various preferential policies and assistance to effectively promote the development of enterprises.
Gao Xiangdong suggested that all kinds of enterprises must carefully study the "Catalogue", adjust the direction of development accordingly, eliminate the backward technology, equipment and products listed in the elimination category as soon as possible, and actively promote their upgrading, and at the same time focus on investment in the encouragement category, reduce losses as much as possible, and increase profits. On the other hand, enterprises should increase investment in technology research and development, follow the policy guidance of the "Catalogue", enhance the advanced nature of enterprises, and achieve their own high-quality development.
Industrial upgrading promotes high-quality employment and life
In addition to promoting the transformation and upgrading of enterprises, the implementation of the "Catalogue" will also affect all aspects of production and life, which is closely related to everyone.
The upgrading of the industrial structure will help promote high-quality employment. Gao Xiangdong pointed out that after the implementation of the "Catalogue", with the upgrading of production methods and the application of new technologies, Shanghai's demand for high-skilled workers will continue to expand, and the construction of the training system for high-skilled workers should be done in a timely manner;
Studying the Catalogue, actively participating in industries encouraged by the state, and promoting the continuous upgrading of one's own skills will be conducive to the long-term development of one's career. At the same time, schools should also improve the curriculum in a timely manner, pay attention to practical skills training, improve teachers' quality and practical ability, strengthen school-enterprise cooperation and the combination of work and learning, so that students can get in touch with appropriate "employment education" earlier.
In addition, the "Catalogue" also proposes to promote the upgrading of life services to high quality and diversification, accelerate the development of health, pension, childcare, culture, tourism, sports, housekeeping and other service industries, and strengthen the supply of public welfare and basic service industries, which is also the unremitting pursuit of Shanghai's measures to accelerate urban renewal, continuously improve public services, and actively build a "15-minute life circle", which will effectively provide more convenience for citizens' lives.
"The Catalogue will play a very big role in promoting China's economic development, and the relevant industrial structures in the fields of employment, education, and people's livelihood will be upgraded. Unconsciously, Shanghai citizens will have a higher quality of life. Gao Xiangdong said.
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