One day in the late 1970s, Hu Qichang, a retired teacher in Shucheng, Anhui Province, was reading a newspaper that caught his attention with a reminiscence by Qian Jiang, a famous director of the Beijing Film Studio, mentioning some of Shanghai's film scenes in the 1920s.
He remembered that his brother Hu Baichang had made some martial arts films at the Shanghai Guanghua Film Company, and that Shanghai magazines at the time referred to Hu Baichang as the "Oriental Fan Punk". Fan Punk was an early actor of ranger Zorro and a famous foreign martial arts star, while Hu Baichang, who graduated from a Chinese university, with his dashing demeanor, elegant temperament and neat martial arts action, was regarded by the film capital shanghai in the 20s as the most promising oriental martial arts star to compete with Van Punk, if Hu Baichang's film career had been developing, he would have become the predecessor of Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan.
Unfortunately, after Hu Baichang made several films, he suddenly lost his whereabouts, lost contact with his family in Shucheng County, and had not heard from him for half a century.
Hu bottom
Hu Qichang read the main text, and this article mainly talks about Qian Jiang's father, Qian Zhuangfei, and the Shanghai underground party organization to cover the action by filming, and the whole text does not mention Hu Baichang.
Just as he was about to put down the newspaper, suddenly, he found a small line at the end of the text that stated: "Hu Di, also known as Hu Baichang, is a native of Shucheng, Anhui." ”
Hu Qichang could hardly believe his eyes, he had heard of the three famous agents "Longtan Sanjie": Li Kenong, Qian Zhuangfei, and Hu Di, but he never thought that Hu Di was Hu Baichang, his brother who had lost his whereabouts for decades!
Hu Qichang, who was too old to write an inquiry letter to Qian Jiang with a trembling hand, soon received a reply from Qian Jiang, in which Qian Jiang told him what he had learned and told him: "I am sure that the eldest brother Hu Baichang mentioned in your letter is Hu Di. ”
With Qian Jiang's help, Hu Qichang reflected the situation at a higher level, and in November 1981, Luo Qingchang, then director of the Investigation Department of the CPC Central Committee, wrote a handwritten letter to Cheng Zihua, the minister of civil affairs, arguing that Hu Di "should be posthumously regarded as a revolutionary martyr." In December of that year, Hu Di's name was compiled into Shucheng County's "List of Revolutionary Martyrs", a martyr's glorious certificate with Chairman Mao's handwritten calligraphy "Immortality" printed on it, and was sent to the hall house of the Hu family's old residence in Songyuan Village, Xinjie Township, Shucheng County, to be hung high.
In 2015, the Hudi Martyrs Memorial Hall was built in the town of Ganfenhe in Shucheng County, which used a large number of graphic materials to show the short and brilliant life of this legendary warrior and martial arts star on the hidden front.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="35" >1, after graduating from college, he became a martial arts star to cover his secret identity</h1>
Hu Di was born on March 10, 1905 in Songyuan Village, Ganfenhe Town, Shucheng County, Anhui Province, to a wealthy family, his father was a small landlord, but also did some small business, the eldest son had high hopes, from an early age sent him to the private school of Uncle Hu Jizhang to study, and later went to the city to study at the Zhimin Primary School in Shucheng Chengguan.
Hu Di was gifted and intelligent, and after graduating from primary school, he was admitted to the famous Hefei Provincial No. 2 Middle School with the third place in the school.
In 1923, at the age of 18, Hu Di went to Beijing to apply for a university and enrolled in the Chinese Literature Department of a Chinese university.
This "Chinese university" did not exist for a long time, but it is a heroic school that cannot be forgotten by history, founded by Dr. Sun Yat-sen in 1912 in imitation of Waseda University in Japan, with Song Jiaoren and Huang Xing as the first and second presidents, and it is a school dedicated to cultivating revolutionary volunteers. After the May Fourth Movement, a number of "red professors" such as Li Dazhao and Li Da appeared in Chinese universities, and among the students emerged a large number of national heroes, such as Li Zhaolin, a famous anti-Japanese general, Bai Yihua, commander of the North China Anti-Japanese Coalition, and Dong Yuhua, commander of the Jidong Anti-Japanese League, which showed the patriotic school spirit.
As Li Dazhao's proud protégé, Hu Di soon germinated the progressive idea of using Marxism-Leninism to save the country and the people, actively engaged in the revolutionary movement, and met his friend Qian Zhuangfei in activities.
In 1926, after graduating from Hudi University, he had been living in Qian Zhuangfei's home in Ping'anli, Xicheng, Beijing, and the two of them had long written slogans and distributed leaflets to publicize the revolution, and in the name of "practicing medicine", they packed slogan leaflets in medical boxes painted with red crosses, used the opportunity of "going out" to pass them around, and ran to the streets at night, stuffing leaflets into the cracks of the doors of households and plastering them all over the streets.
Later, they saw that the Qian family had an open-air movie studio opposite the door, inside was a simple film company, the manager was called Xu Guanghua, Hu Di and Qian Zhuangfei discussed, thinking that if they could carry out revolutionary propaganda through filming, it was more effective than handing out leaflets, so they took the initiative to go to the door and first co-produced the martial arts feature film "Yanshan Xiayin".
Because there is no money to hire actors, Qian Zhuangfei plays the male protagonist Ma Xingfei, Qian Zhuangfei's daughter Qian Zhenzhen (film star Li Lili) plays Ma Xingfei's sister, Qian Zhuangfei's wife Zhang Zhenhua plays Ma Xingfei's mother, the whole family is on the battlefield, and Hu Di also plays an important role in the movie: Ranger Yu Jingwu.
The story of the film is quite tortuous, mainly through the story of chivalry to impress people, pointing out that the idle evil is too little reading, not enough education, at the end of the film, the evil less with the help of the ranger to establish a civilian school, the evil to the right.
"Yanshan Xia Cain" was well received after its release, Hu Di appeared several times in the play as a masked ranger on horseback, quite in the style of Zorro, just when they wanted to show their skills and make a few good movies, in 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, on April 28, Li Dazhao was ordered to be executed by Zhang Zuolin, Hu Di and Qian Zhuangfei were wanted at the same time, Hu Di changed his name to "HuMa", the word "North Wind", Qian Zhuangfei changed his name to "Nanfei", and fled to Shanghai together.
Shanghai was known as the film capital of China at that time, in order to maintain a life, Hu Di came to Shanghai after the first to apply for a film company, starred in "Pansi Cave", "Kunlun Thief" and other martial arts movies, Hu Di was good at musical instruments, loved cultural and sports activities, slender, handsome, loved to make friends, regarded money as dung, quite a kind of ancient hot sausage chivalrous style, soon recognized by the Shanghai film industry, the film is continuous, just one year, it has a reputation, by the Shanghai newspaper as "Oriental Van Punk", Douglas · Van Punk was a hot action movie star in Hollywood at the time, famous for playing the masked man Zorro, which shows the popularity of Hu Di at that time.
Just when Hu Di was about to show his skills in the film industry, at the end of 1929, an Anhui compatriot came to the studio to find Hu Di, he was Li Kenong, who was later known as the "King of Secret Agents", Li Kenong and Hu Di had known each other when they were in Wuhu, and now Li Kenong was already a member of the Propaganda Committee of the Shanghai Central District of the Communist Party of China.
Many years later, Zhou Enlai praised: "The Three Masters of Longtan are the three daggers inserted in the heart of the enemy." ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="109" >2, break into the central unity and become a dagger inserted in the heart of the enemy</h1>
At the end of 1928, after coming to Shanghai, Qian Zhuangfei was admitted to a radio training class run by the Party Affairs Investigation Section of the Organization Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee (the predecessor of the Central Unification), and the person in charge of this training course was Xu Enzeng, the head of the Central Unification Bureau and director of the Shanghai Radio Administration.
After Qian Zhuangfei graduated, Xu En, who found that he was intelligent and capable, a talentable man, and his own Fellow in Huzhou, promoted him to the confidential secretary of the Radio Administration, and later became his personal secretary and entered the work of the Central Unification.
Qian Zhuangfei
Li Kenong reported this situation to Zhou Enlai, who was in charge of the Central Special Branch, through the Jiangsu Provincial CPC Committee, and the Special Branch attached great importance to it and instructed Li Kenong and Hu Di to also take advantage of the opportunity of the expansion of the Central Unification to break into the Kuomintang secret service organization.
In this way, at the recommendation of Qian Zhuangfei, Li Kenong and Hu Di were successively admitted to the Radio Administration, With Hu Di as the radio news editor and Li Kenong as the director of the electric power unit.
In December 1929, Chen Lifu asked Xu En to formally organize the Central Unification on the basis of the Party Affairs Investigation Section of the Party Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee and establish an anti-communist secret service organization for secret reconnaissance and interrogation.
After coming to Tianjin, Hu Di first found a house in the French Concession, and later moved to the Japanese Concession, setting up a news agency on the four floors of a building at No. 5 Qiushan Street. Hu Di likes to play mahjong and loves to be lively, and soon made a group of friends from all walks of life, and often spied some information at the card table.
In this way, Qian Zhuangfei was in charge of the Nanjing headquarters, Hu Di was in charge of the Northern Central Unification Organization, Li Kenong was in charge of the intelligence of the Central Unification Southern Network, three red agents grasped the key departments of the Central Unification Intelligence Network, and the information and intelligence collected by more than 100,000 Kuomintang agents from all directions were continuously reported to the hands of our party's special section.
Three underground party members bravely broke into the Longtan Tiger's Den and became three sharp blades that penetrated the enemy's heart, and were vividly called "Longtan Three Masters" by Zhou Enlai.
From 1930 to early 1931, the internal incubation group of the Central Unification Composed of Hu Di, Qian Zhuangfei, and Li Kenong repeatedly reported to the Central Special Branch the intelligence of Chiang Kai-shek's preparation to launch "encirclement and suppression" against the revolutionary base areas, helping the Red Army to escape from danger and smashing the enemy's conspiracy to eliminate the Red Army in one fell swoop.
In April 1930, on the orders of Chiang Kai-shek, Qian Zhuangfei took Hu Di and other backbone cadres to Shenyang to establish an underground intelligence network, and they took the documents of the Kuomintang secret service organs and a large amount of activity funds to Zhang Xueliang's northeast army to carry out activities, and contacted the underground workers of the Central Special Branch in the northeast, taking the opportunity to establish a set of secret organizations that belonged to the Central Command in name and could actually collect intelligence by themselves.
Longtan Sanjie
Hu Di knew that his job was extremely dangerous, so before he was ordered to lurk, he divorced his wife and fought without any worries.
As early as Hu Di was studying in Beijing, he was ordered to return to his hometown to become a relative, after which he followed Qian Zhuangfei all the way to the north and left Zhang in his hometown for many years, until 1928, Hu Di's father learned that his son was filming in Shanghai, so he sent someone to send Zhang to Shanghai to reunite with him.
Not long after the reunion, Hu Di was ordered to lurk in the central government, in order not to involve the Zhang clan, nor to affect Shu Cheng's family, he resolutely divorced the Zhang clan and wanted to send her back to his hometown. And Zhang would rather go to the street to sell vegetables than leave Hu Di, Hu Di was afraid that she would be left alone in Shanghai, so he introduced his colleagues from his film company to her, until his wife remarried, he changed his name, completely severed relations with Zhang, and no longer corresponded with his family.
It was from this time that Hu Di lost all contact with Shu Cheng's family. Since then, the martial arts film industry has lost one star, and there is one more warrior on the hidden front.
Hu Di knew that he was in Longtan, did not know that he would die one day, and from the time he was ordered to lurk, he encouraged himself with the fearless spirit of "the wind is cold and the water is cold, and the brave man will not return once he is gone".
What Hu Di did not expect was that he did not die at the hands of Kuomintang agents in the end, but was killed by Zhang Guotao on the Long March Road.
In late April 1931, Gu Shunzhang was arrested and betrayed in Wuhan, at that time, Gu Shunzhang knew that Xu Enzeng had underground party members around him, and after his arrest, he actively demanded that he be sent to Nanjing to report to Xu Enzeng in person, and repeatedly advised not to let the people around Xu Enzeng know.
The situation was urgent, and the central unification agents stationed in Wuhan sent five secret telegrams to Nanjing in a row; it happened that on Saturday night, Xu En, who loved to dance and play, had returned to Shanghai, and Qian Zhuangfei, who was a confidential secretary, after receiving the secret telegram at the headquarters of the Investigation Section, translated the contents from the codebook that had been copied from Xu Enzeng long ago, and was shocked to take a breath of cold air: Gu Shunzhang had a large number of addresses and lists of personnel of the central organs in his hands, and if the secret agents learned of it, the central organs in Shanghai would be dealt a devastating blow.
He sent people to Shanghai overnight to inform Teko, and Zhou Enlai ordered the transfer of all the personnel in the Shanghai Central Organs and the Comintern, so as to avoid a disaster.
That night, Li Kenong sent a secret telegram to Hu Di, who was far away in Tianjin: "Hu Di, Ke Chao is sick. ”
Hu Di received a telegram and knew that the situation was serious, "Ke" referred to Li Kenong, "Chao" was Qian Zhuangfei's alias "Qian Chao", which was a signal that the two close friends were facing danger at the same time, he quickly packed up his documents and luggage, changed his clothes, and left Tianjin on a foreign ship, just a few hours after he left, in the early morning of April 30, the agents of the Central Command had led the Japanese Concession patrol to the Great Wall News Agency, and at this time, Li Kenong and Qian Zhuangfei, who had already been exposed, were hidden in the Zhabei area of Shanghai.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="110" >3, three years in the Soviet District, created a number of plays</h1>
In August 1931, Hu Di and Qian Zhuangfei went from Shanghai to the Central Soviet Region, Li Kenong and Qian Zhuangfei arrived a few days later, Li Kenong and Qian Zhuangfei successively served as the director of the Political Protection Bureau of the Red Army, Hu Di served as the chief of the interrogation section of the Executive Department of the Central Protection Bureau, Hu Di, who had been a "movie star", was also appointed as the director of the Club of the General Political Department of the Red Army.
The three years in the Soviet District were the most joyful days of Hudi's short life.
Hu Di was a literati in his bones, he loved literature and art, his talent was quick, he not only could perform, but he was also good at writing, and soon became a famous playwright and director in the Soviet Union, rehearsed plays for many central leaders, and often performed short and concise dramas for the troops to boost morale.
In December 1931, Zhao Bosheng and Dong Zhentang led 17,000 people of the Kuomintang 26th Route Army to revolt in Ningdu, Jiangxi, which was reorganized into the Fifth Army of the Red Army. Mao Zedong personally summoned Hu Di and others, asked them to organize a propaganda team to comfort the rebel soldiers, and specially instructed Hu Di, who had been a "movie star," to say: "You must do a good job in cultural propaganda work and stabilize their political mood." ”
Upon receiving the task, Hu Di, Qian Zhuangfei, and Li Bozhao immediately wrote and performed their own drama "For Whom to Sacrifice," which tells the story of a white soldier who was "suppressed by La Zhuangding," his wife living in the streets begging and singing, and the white soldiers who were captured and abandoned to join the Red Army after being educated and abandoned to join the Red Army, and finally met his wife in Ruijin. Hu Di played the white army soldier, Li Bozhao played the wife of the soldier, and Qian Zhuangfei played Chiang Kai-shek, this play is full of passion and very educational significance, profoundly exposing the deception of the ruling class, making the uprising officers and soldiers deeply resonate, and after the performance, the whole audience broke out into warm applause, which was performed for more than a month and was still welcomed.
After that, Hu Di adapted the foreign drama "Black Calling heaven" into "Black Slave Hate", and after rehearsal, the propaganda team toured the Red Fifth Army again, reflecting the tragic plot of social oppression, which made many middle- and high-ranking officers also cry. This propaganda campaign was affirmed by Mao Zedong.
In 1933, the Central Soviet Region decided to designate August 1 of each year as the anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and during the literary and artistic performance to celebrate "August 1st", Hu Di choreographed a drama "Killing Lushan", which was reviewed by Zhou Enlai and directed by Luo Ruiqing, Nie Rongzhen played Song Ziwen, Qian Zhuangfei played Chiang Kai-shek, and Tong Xiaopeng played Song Meiling. During the performance, the atmosphere was high, and when the Red Army entered the camp of Chiang Kai-shek in Lushan and Jiangxi, there was a thunderous roar of joy under the stage, which greatly boosted the morale of the Red Army team.
In just three years, Hu Di wrote many dramas such as "Shenyang Trumpet Cannon", "Class", "Volunteer Army", "Zhao Yiman", etc., including spy dramas, war dramas, and realistic dramas that reflect social suffering, showing great creative enthusiasm and artistic talent, and was the most prolific playwright in the Central Soviet Region. ”
Such an acting genius who can write and direct his own drama, if born in the era of peace, what a dazzling great artist, but Hu Di only lived for a short period of 30 years, and was unjustly killed on the way to the Long March.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="111" >4</h1>
In October 1934, the Central Red Army began the Long March, and Hu Di, who was astute, was appointed chief of the reconnaissance section of the Central Military Commission.
In order to ensure the safety of the march, Hu Di always set off in advance, taking the scouts disguised as small traders on the road, going along the way to investigate the marching route and garrison, reconnoitring whether there was any enemy situation around them, drawing the marching road and terrain, and indicating the villages, population, grain, shops, and so on along the route.
In this way, Hu Di's round-trip journey on the Long March Road was several times that of other officers and soldiers, and others took the route once, and he had to go back and forth several times to be assured, but Hu Di, who was serious about doing things, never cried bitterly, but carefully and cautiously did every route investigation.
After arriving near Yunnan, Hu Di led people to reconnoiter at Yanglin Dabanqiao near Kunming, captured the staff officer of the major sent by "King of Yunnan" Long Yun to deliver a letter to Xue Yue of the Kuomintang Central Army, and learned that Sun Du, the "Little Zhuge of Yunnan", under Long Yun, had led tens of thousands of people from the Third Column to Guiyang to "rescue Chiang Kai-shek."
A few days later, the Red Army took advantage of the situation to turn into yunnan territory, crossed the Jinsha River from the northwest direction of Kunming, and advanced into the Dadu River, while Xue Yue's troops could not catch up every time.
In June 1935, the Red Army and the Red Fourth Front met in Maogong Division, Sichuan, and soon after, the headquarters of the Red Army divided the Red Army into left and right routes, concentrated the main force to the north, and created a revolutionary base area in Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu, while Zhang Guotao, who was extremely powerful, wanted to establish another central government, and when he marched to the Aba area, Zhang Guotao wanted to hold the Red Army hostage with more guns and more troops.
At this time, Hu Di, who was following Zhu De and Liu Bocheng in reconnaissance work in the Left Route Army, was very disgusted by Zhang Guotao's splittist words and deeds, and after seeing Zhang Guotao and Zhu De arguing fiercely over this matter in the tent, he was even more indignant and outspoken.
In mid-August, on the way to Aba, the reconnaissance section did not have much dry food left, began to pick wild fruits and pick wild vegetables to fill the hunger, a scout picked up some wild mushrooms from the grass beach and cooked soup, but unexpectedly mixed with poisonous bacteria, after taking it, everyone had a poison reaction, hallucinations, and Hu Di's reaction was particularly obvious, he was delirious, confused, he said out loud what he thought in his heart, and publicly scolded Zhang Guotao as an ambitionist, a "warlord", and a "fascist".
At this time, the reconnaissance section had already installed Zhang Guotao's confidants, and after Hu Di's words and deeds were reported to Zhang Guotao, Zhang Guotao was furious and went so far as to say that Li Kenong, Qian Zhuangfei, and Hu Di were all "Kuomintang agents." A few months ago, Qian Zhuangfei had already lost his whereabouts in the Wujiang area of Guizhou, and it was only after it was found out that he had been killed by bandits in Guizhou. His horse riders and attendants were cancelled.
After the poisoning, Hu Di was like a serious illness, pale and weak, not only did not get timely rest and recuperation, but also forced to carry dozens of pounds of luggage on foot, this torture made him weaker and weaker, fortunately, the director of the Red Fifth Army's security bureau Ouyang Yi (founding lieutenant general) was working as a defender at the time, and after reporting to Zhu De, Hu Di secretly left Hu Di in the Red Fifth Army.
In early September, marching to the vicinity of Aba Malkang, Zhang Guotao suddenly ordered all the officers and men of the Left Route Army and the 40th and 30th Armies of the Right Route Army to turn around and go south to Sichuan and Kang. In order to eliminate dissidents, Zhang Guotao once again carried out his bloody methods of "repression" and "purge", ordered people to capture Hu Di from the Red Fifth Army, and secretly strangled Hu Di and Xu Kejian (Li Xiannian's comrades-in-arms) and others on the grass halfway from Starba to Songgang.
At the time of his death, the Red Army man was only 30 years old.
In 1962, after Li Kenong's death, Premier Zhou Enlai personally officiated, and in the eulogy, Premier Zhou specially wrote a sentence:
Li Kenong "After the defeat of the Great Revolution, under the severe white terror, he fought against the enemy strongly and bravely, and together with Comrades Qian Zhuangfei and Hu Di, who sacrificed heroically for the revolution, made outstanding contributions to safeguarding the security of the leading organs of the Party Central Committee." This is a memorial to Li Kenong, and it is also a memorial and tribute to the "Longtan Sanjie" collective.
Zhou Enlai said to people many times: "If it were not for the 'Three Masters of Longtan', those of us who would not have existed long ago." ”
Although the heroic name of "Longtan Sanjie" has long been spread throughout the country, Hu Qichang, who has been teaching in his old hometown, did not think at all that Hu Di was his brother Hu Baichang, who had lost his whereabouts for many years, until a reminiscence article by Qian Jiang made the truth come out to the world.
In 2018, with the approval of the central government and the State Council, the "National Security Education Base" Hudi Martyrs Memorial Square was built in Songgang Town, Malkang City, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, where Hudi was sacrificed, and the statue of the Sacred Site of the Shaanxi Revolution in the north of Hudi was officially completed.
This famous red agent, although he only spent a short thirty years of life, left a legend of the intestines.