In the Book of Poetry, there is: "Zhao Pi Yun Han, Zhao Hui In Heaven", which refers to the Milky Way. It can be seen that people in the Spring and Autumn Warring States Period have been able to see the Milky Way with the help of the naked eye. At that time, people were quite good at stargazing, and often regarded the stars as a symbol of some kind of emotion, "silk bundle salary, three stars in the sky." Tonight and night, see this good man", there are beautiful stars in the sky, or a good time to meet a good man. In fact, at the time of the Xia Shang, people had already formed a more detailed record of solar eclipses and lunar eclipses, and the Xia Dynasty people formed a unique calendar by virtue of this, that is, the summer calendar.
The ancient Chinese people attached great importance to astrology, and whenever there is a dissimilarity, people will feel that something will happen, and there is even a special so-called demon star disaster star, whenever such a star appears in the sky of the country, the country will have disasters. Chinese there is a chronology of the years, and the years are Jupiter, indicating that Chinese have always liked Jupiter for a long time. An astronomical concept of the ancient Chinese, when people believed that it took 12 years for Jupiter to rotate around the sky for 1 week, and its rotation trajectory would pass through a fixed area, and when Jupiter moved to such an observation point, people used it as a year.
The history books record a lunar eclipse, "Wei Thirty has five ancestors, Wang Nianri, many mouths, the first moon, and the food is not timely", that is, in the thirty-fifth year of King Wen of Zhou, there was a lunar eclipse phenomenon. This means that at least in the time of King Wen of Zhou, the Zhou people were able to detect lunar eclipses through the naked eye. The Zhou people seem to be very concerned about such astrological signs, the Bamboo Book Chronicle contains: "Yi Wang's first year of the day and then Dan Yu Zheng", here is recorded is a total solar eclipse in the era of King Yi of Zhou, which coincided with the first year of king Zhou Yi's succession, and in such a special period, the total solar eclipse was not a good omen, during the reign of King Yi of Zhou, the national strength declined, the capital was attacked by Xi Rong many times, and tianzi was forced to move to the capital, and the history books recorded that "when King Yi was king, the royal family declined, and the poet stabbed." ”
The same situation occurred in the era of King Youwang of Zhou, who was a more faint monarch than King Yi of Zhou, and during his tenure there was also a phenomenon of eclipses, according to the Book of Poetry: "There is an eclipse of the sun, and the ugliness of Kong ... Hundreds of rivers boil, mountains collapse. The high shore is the valley, the deep valley is the mausoleum", the disaster caused by this eclipse is particularly serious, it seems to have triggered a landslide, which may have been a violent earthquake at that time. The same view of the sun and the moon, the people at that time did not have a good view of Mars, for example, there was a phenomenon of so-called "screen confusion and keeping the heart", that is, Mars traveled over the country or the capital, which was very unfavorable to the country. The history books have: "Ying Confused Guarding the Heart." Heart, Song's division is also", this year Mars happened to travel to the Song Kingdom, and many things happened in this year, which were very unfavorable to the Song Kingdom, such as king Hui of Chu attacked the Neighboring State of the Song State, Chen Guo.
In addition, people at that time also had observations and records of meteor showers, and the history books had "Summer and April, the stars were missing, and the stars in the night were like rain", and there were "Spring King's First Moon Peng Shen Shuo, Meteorites in Song", all of which are records of meteor showers landing on the earth. And "Autumn and July, there are stars entering the Big Dipper", which is a record of the famous Halley Comet. For comets, the Zhou people seem to have a very unfavorable view, some princes think that in the direction of the appearance of the comet, they will be stronger than the defenders, for example, when King Wu of Zhou was preparing to attack Yin Shang, he saw the comet, and the history books say that "the King of Wu cut the silk, and the comet came out and gave the Yin people its handle", and the courtiers and generals around King Wu of Zhou all thought that this was very unfavorable to the Zhou people, and it was possible to change the strategy and no longer attack Yin Shang, but to wait for a better time in mengjin to ally with the princes.