The Qianlong Emperor Ai Xinjue Luo Hongli (1710/1799), reigned for 60 years, served as emperor for more than 3 years, and actually held power for 63 years at the age of 89. In the ancient unified dynasty of the mainland, he created the two emperors, the longest lifespan and the longest reign, and he was also the emperor who really always held real power. If you count the number of poems and the number of parades and the various mysteries on Qianlong's body, it is another record, a lifetime of wealth and scenery, worthy of the self-appointed 'perfect old man'.
Such a familiar historical figure, film and television dramas are also constantly adapted to shape his interesting stories, so Qianlong had those stories when he first ascended the throne, tracing history Let's take a look at it together.
On the night of August 23, the thirteenth year of Yongzheng (1735 AD), Emperor Yin chan died in the Yuanmingyuan. The death of Yongzheng is also a historical mystery of the Qing Palace, which will not be described here, and interested friends can search for it themselves. Yongzheng was a cattle man, and before his death, he removed some obstacles for the ascension of the fourth son, Hongli.
The image of Yongzheng in film and television works
We must have heard some rumors that Kangxi passed on the throne to Yongzheng because he liked Qianlong, and from the existing historical data, there is no historical basis. However, it is a fact that when he was a teenager, Hongli was favored by the Emperor's grandfather Kangxi, who accompanied the Emperor's grandfather through the last eight months of his life when he was twelve, and the grandchildren lived a happy life harmoniously. After Yongzheng ascended the throne, he created a secret system of jianchu, wrote the name of hongli and sealed it, and summoned the kings and ministers at the Qianqing Palace to put the secret box of jianchu behind the 'Zhengda Guangming' plaque.
Hongli was carefully cultivated by Yongzheng in his youth, and chose Xu Yuanmeng, Zhu Shi, Zhang Tingyu, and Ji Zengjun as four erudite Confucians as teachers for the Hongli brothers, learning all kinds of scriptures, poems, ancient texts, etc. He also allowed Hongli to participate in various daily political affairs, and also experienced major military matters such as the war on Dzungar and the war against Miaojiang, and Hongli witnessed and learned the art of his father's command, not only tempering himself, but also establishing his prestige among the princes and ministers. In the first month of the eleventh year of Yongzheng, Hongli and his younger brother Hongzhi were simultaneously crowned princes, and in February, they were given the title of Prince of Bao, at the age of 23. At this point, Hongli himself was in a superior position among his brothers, both in talent and politics, and he already had a good cultural foundation, a certain degree of ruling knowledge and several years of experience in participating in military aircraft maintenance.
The advantage of the secret deposit system is that there is no open and legal status, which is conducive to curbing arrogance and connivance and forming parties, and if there is a phenomenon of arrogant and indulgent party formation, competition for the reserve position, and even endangering imperial power, it will not be very passive to replace it. The princes and ministers of the imperial court had already guessed the crown prince from their daily performances, and Yongzheng held a prayer valley ceremony to give Hongli sacrifice meat, and also sent Hongshi to the Gurudwara, etc., in fact, the throne had been made public.
Yongzheng symbiosis has ten princes and four imperial daughters. The eldest son, Honghui, died at the age of eight; the second son, Hongyun, died early; and the third son, Hongshi, was the biggest obstacle to Hongli's ascension to the throne. Yin Chan used his experience in the struggle with his brothers to clean up Hiroshi. On August 6 of the fifth year of Yongzheng, Yin Chan was still holding a prayer feast in the morning, and nothing unusual happened, and suddenly he cut off the third son of the 7-year-old emperor of the Great Hong calendar on the grounds of 'indulgence and impoliteness', and soon Hiroshi died in captivity. Due to the suddenness of the incident, many courtiers were confused, and 'indulgence' was very ambiguous, and perhaps Hiroshi was a little careless and was caught by Yin Chan as an excuse. Perhaps Yongzheng hated Hongshi's handling of people very much, which could not but make people think of what kind of means Yin Chan had taken to eliminate the hidden danger of Hongli's succession to the throne, and the court struggle had always been cruel and ruthless, which was another mystery.
The image of Hongzhi in film and television works
The fourth son is Hongli; the fifth son, Hongzhi, was once the prince of Hongli, and together with Hongli led the Miaojiang office, but when he was young, he was arrogant and loved money, and there was a horse in the palace who died and let the whole province eat horse meat, and his temper was very strange, he liked to let people hang for him before he died, yongzheng did not like him very much; from the later historical data, this is most likely a way of dealing with Hongzhi Mingzhe to protect himself, and he was really born in the emperor's family and had to guard against it! The sixth son, Hongzhan ( 22 years younger than Hongli , was later given the title of Prince of Guo ; despite this , Qianlong did not spare Hongzhan after he ascended the throne , and was once caught by Qianlong in the position of kneeling to the empress dowager , and a wave of bitter rebuke frightened him to half a life. The seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth sons were all young and dead. Among them, the third, fifth, and sixth sons of talent and virtue cannot compete with the Hongli calendar.
At this point, there was nothing to stop Qianlong from succeeding to the throne. Judging from the political measures after Qianlong succeeded to the throne, it is possible to understand the cause of death of the Yongzheng Emperor.
In his later years, Yongzheng was obsessed with preaching Buddhism, and once raised monks and Taoists in Xiyuan, talked to them about Taoism and Zen in their leisure time, and also superstitiously believed in the art of immortality, and The Taoists practiced elixirs to advance. Of course, Yongzheng has been working on major state affairs for many years, and he is the most diligent emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and he himself has suffered from several serious illnesses, and it is unknown whether the specific cause of death is poisoning by long-term dan medicine. As soon as Qianlong took the throne, he expelled the monks in the palace and strictly controlled the eunuchs who knew about it from speaking indiscriminately.
Generally speaking, Qianlong was a powerful emperor, and he could not tolerate the clan, brothers, and courtiers to challenge his imperial power, not even his son, just look at the words and deeds of Jiaqing in the first three years after he took the throne.