original
Biwa Row
[Tang] Bai Juyi
Xunyang Jiangtou night send-off, maple leaves and flowers in autumn.
The master dismounts the guest in the boat, and raises the wine to drink without orchestra.
If you are drunk, you will say goodbye, and you will be immersed in the moon in the vast river when you are drunk.
Suddenly heard the sound of pipa on the water, and the host forgot to return to the guest.
Xun Sheng secretly asked who the player was? The sound of the pipa stopped and was late.
Move the boat to close to each other, invite each other, add wine and return to the lamp to reopen the feast.
After a long time, he came out, still holding the pipa and half covering his face.
The hinge plucks the strings three or two times, and there is love before the tune.
The strings cover up the sound and thoughts, as if they are complaining about their lack of ambition.
The low-brow letter continued, saying that there are infinite things in my heart.
Gently twisting and slowly wiping and picking, at first for "Ni Dress" and then "Six".
The big strings are noisy like a torrential rain, and the small strings are like whispers.
Noisy and staggered, big beads and small beads fall on the jade plate.
间关莺语花底滑，幽咽泉流冰下难。
The ice fountain is cold and astringent, and the condensation will not be silent for a while.
Don't have gloom and hatred, silence is better than sound at this time.
The silver bottle burst through the water slurry, and the iron rider stood out with the sound of knives and guns.
At the end of the song, beware of drawing, the four strings sound like cracks.
The east ship and the west boat were silent, and only the autumn moon in the heart of the river was seen.
Groaning and plucking the strings, straightening up the clothes and showing up the face.
said that she was a woman in the capital, and her home lived under the shrimp toad tomb.
Thirteen learned the pipa, and the name belongs to the first part of the teaching workshop.
Qu Ba once taught good people to wear, and made up every time he was jealous of Qiu Niang.
Wuling is young and entangled, and I don't know how many red silk songs are played.
The silver grate of the head is shattered, and the blood-colored skirt is stained with wine.
This year's laughter will be next year, and the autumn moon and spring breeze will be leisurely.
弟走从军阿姨死，暮去朝来颜色故。
Kurama was snubbed in front of the door, and the eldest married a businesswoman.
The businessman valued profit over parting, and Fuliang bought tea the month before.
Go to the mouth of the river to guard the empty boat, around the boat moon and the river is cold.
In the middle of the night, I dreamed of juvenile things, and my dreams were dry with tears.
I sighed when I heard the lute, and I heard it chirp again.
is the same as the end of the world, why should we have met before!
I resigned from the imperial capital last year and lived in Xunyang City.
There is no music in Xunyang, and there is no sound of silk and bamboo all year round.
Living near the river is low and humid, and the yellow reed and bitter bamboo surround the house.
In the meantime, what did you hear in the twilight? The cuckoo cries and the blood ape screams.
春江花朝秋月夜，往往取酒还独倾。
岂无山歌与村笛？呕哑嘲哳难为听。
Hearing Jun's pipa language tonight, it is like listening to the fairy music ear for the time being.
Mo Ci even sat down and played a song, and translated "Pipa Xing" for you.
I feel that I have been saying this for a long time, but I am in a hurry.
It was sad and not like a forward voice, and the whole audience wept when they heard it.
Who cried the most in the seat? Jiangzhou Sima Qing's shirt was wet.
赏析
As a long narrative poem, this poem is rigorous and meticulous in structure, staggered, with twists and turns in the plot, and ups and downs.
In the first part, it is written that the river is sending off guests, and the sound of the pipa is suddenly heard, and the pipa girl is explained. From "Xunyang Jiangtou Night Sending Guests" to "Still Holding the Pipa and Half Covering the Face", it describes the regret of having no music at the farewell banquet, invites the merchant woman to play the pipa, depicts the tone of the pipa in detail, and strives to shape the image of the pipa girl. The first sentence "Xunyang Jiangtou night send-off", only seven words, the characters (host and guests), the place (Xunyang Jiangtou), the event (the host sends the guest) and the time (night) are summarized one by one; However, it was depressed and lonely, so it fell out of "raising wine and wanting to drink without orchestra". The three words "no orchestra" not only echo the later "I don't hear the sound of silk and bamboo all year round", but also pave the way for the appearance and playing of the pipa girl. Because of "no orchestra" and "drunk and miserable", the foreshadowing is already very powerful, and then the use of "farewell to the vast river immersed in the moon" as a further layer of environmental dyeing, constituting a strong sense of depression, so that "suddenly hearing the sound of pipa on the water" has a strong sense of hollow foot, preparing for the sudden appearance of the following turnaround. From the "autumn sorrow", "no orchestra" and "miserable farewell" at the time of "night send-off", to "sudden hearing", "looking for voice", "secret questioning", "moving the boat", until "inviting to meet", this can be said to be a "thousand calls" for the appearance of the pipa girl. But it is not so easy to "invite to meet", and she has to go through a process of "thousands of calls" before she is willing to "come out". It's not that she cares about identity. Just as "I" longed to listen to the sound of the pipa like fairy music, and "wanted to write about the hatred of the end of the world", she "came out after a long time", but also because she had a stomach of "hatred of the end of the world", it was inconvenient to say it clearly, and she did not want to see people. It is precisely this point that the poet grasps and uses the portrait description of "the sound of the pipa stops and speaks late" and "still holding the pipa and half covering her face" to express her unspeakable pain. The description of the appearance process of this pipa girl is moving, she has not seen her before hearing the sound of her pipa, and before hearing her words, she has slightly revealed the hidden pain in her heart, which has caused a lot of suspense for the development of the later story.
The second part writes about the Pipa Girl and the pipa music she plays, which concretely and vividly reveals the inner world of the Pipa Girl. The pipa girl "came out after a long time" because of her "lack of ambition in her life", and through the description of the pipa tone, she showed the superb playing skills of the pipa girl. Knock the string with your fingers (close), knead the string with your fingers (twist), pluck (wipe) with your hand, and dial back (pick) with your backhand, and the action is skillful and natural. The thick strings are heavy and majestic "like a torrential rain", the thin strings are fine and broken like "whispering", crisp and mellow like large and small beads falling on a jade plate, and like the warbler at the bottom of the flower, which is described from the perspective of vision and hearing. The following six sentences of "strings cover up the sound and thoughts" are always written in the playing process of "the beginning of "Ni Dress" and then "Six Pieces", which not only uses "low eyebrows letter procedures to continue playing" and "light and slow twisting and wiping and re-picking" to describe the demeanor of playing, but also uses "seems to tell the life of the unwilling" and "say all the infinite things in the heart" to summarize the thoughts and emotions expressed by the pipa girl through the music. In the next fourteen sentences, when the music is copied with the help of the rhyme of language, various vivid metaphors are used to enhance its imagery. "The big strings are noisy like torrential rain", both the overlapping word "noisy" is used to imitate the sound, and "like torrential rain" is used to visualize it. The same goes for "small strings cut like whispers". This is not enough, "noisy cut miscellaneous", has reproduced the "like a torrential rain" and "such as a whisper" two melodies of the staggered appearance, and then with the "big beads and small beads falling on the jade plate" comparison, the visual image and auditory image are revealed at the same time, dazzling, dizzying. The melody continues to change, and there are two artistic conceptions of "slippery" and then "astringent". The sound of "Jianguan" is light and fluent, and this sound is like "the bottom of the warbler's language", and the beauty of the visual image strengthens the beauty of the auditory image. The sound of "pharyngeal" is sad and choked, and this sound is like "under the flowing ice of a spring", and the coldness of the visual image strengthens the coldness of the auditory image. From "cold" to "condensed", it is a process of "sound gradually stopping", and the poet uses the good sentence of "don't have gloom and dark hatred, at this time silence is better than sound" to describe the artistic realm of lingering sound and endless meaning, which is amazing. At this point, I thought it was over. Who knew that the "gloomy and dark hatred" accumulated infinite power in the process of "gradually stopping the sound", and could not be suppressed, and finally like "the silver bottle bursts", the water slurry rushes, like "the iron horse protrudes", and the sword and gun roar, suddenly pushing the undercurrent of "condensation" to a climax. It was only at the climax that a painting was collected and stopped abruptly. Although the song is over, the heart-wrenching and thrilling musical charm has not disappeared. The poet also used the environmental description of "the east boat and the west boat are silent, and only the autumn moon in the heart of the river is white" as a side accent, leaving the reader with a broad space for the aftertaste.
The third part writes about the pipa girl's own life experience. From "chanting and plucking the strings" to "dreaming of makeup and tears": the poet tells his life experience on behalf of the merchant woman, and the experience from a girl to a merchant woman is also like the excitement and depression of the pipa. Just as after "Invitation to Meet", the details of asking her to play the pipa are omitted, and at the end of the song, the inquiry about her life experience is omitted, and two sentences describing the portrait are used to transition to "self-talk": the demeanor of "groaning" is obviously related to the inquiry, which reflects her inner contradiction of wanting to talk and rest; Following "self-talk", with a lyrical tone like resentment and admiration, like crying, he composed a gripping tragedy for the half-life encounter of the pipa girl, which complemented each other with the music of "saying the infinite things in my heart", and completed the image shaping of the heroine. The image of the heroine is created in an unusually vivid and realistic way, and is highly typical. Through this image, it profoundly reflects the tragic fate of the insulted and damaged musicians and artists in the feudal society.
The fourth part writes about the poet's deep feelings, from "I have sighed when I hear the pipa" to the last "Jiangzhou Sima Qingshan wet", a total of 26 sentences write the poet, for the fourth paragraph, write about the poet's loneliness and loneliness since the demotion of Jiujiang, lament his life experience, and express his sympathy for the same disease with the pipa girl. The poet and the pipa girl both fell from the bustling capital to this remote place, the poet's sympathy is full of sighs for his misfortune, and the pipa sound of "seems to tell the life of the unwilling" also tells the poet's heart injustice. The waves of the poet's feelings were excited by the fate of the pipa girl, and he issued a sigh of "the same is the end of the world, why should we have known each other when we meet", expressing the feelings of sympathy for the same disease and the same voice. The poetry is bright, step by step, and dotted everywhere. The feelings are strong, and the tears of the lost through the ages also trigger the opportunity to fall in love at first sight for the lost through the ages.
This is a well-known masterpiece of realism, the whole text takes the characters as clues, writes about the life experience of the pipa girl, and writes about the feelings of the poet, and then meets on the two sentences of "the same is the end of the world". The tragic story of the singer is written in a very specific way, which can be regarded as a bright line, and the poet's feelings permeate between the lines, waving layers of waves with the music played by the pipa girl and the continuous changes of her life experience, which can be regarded as a dark line. This light and dark, real and virtual, make the plot fluctuate. The story it narrates is tortuous and touching, the emotions expressed can resonate with people, the language is beautiful but not flashy, refined but not obscure, the content is close to life and has a broad social nature, and the elegance and vulgarity are appreciated.