The Palace Museum
Objective: Choose appropriate reading methods according to the purpose of reading.
I believe that many teachers will take students to draw a guide map of the Forbidden City when teaching this lesson, but note that our learning objectives suggest that we should focus on the purpose of reading, and taking students to draw a guide map are all practical activities, so from this point of view, there is no need for students to work together in groups to draw the so-called guide map of the day in this class.
In other words, the focus of our research is on how to read, and what we need to do is still the language thing, which is called reading. Drawing is a hands-on activity that doesn't need to be done in class.
"The Palace Museum" is a skimming text, and the skimming text requires students to use the methods they have learned before to solve problems in order to achieve the predetermined learning goals. If students have a strong understanding of what they have learned, they can do the following when learning to skim the text:
1. Set goals
2. Choose a method
3. Use methods to achieve your goals.
Before this lesson begins, there are a few things to keep in mind:
1. This lesson is a lesson to be taken after integration and planning, so this lesson is very interesting.
2. This lesson has detailed teaching, and the details of this lesson are implemented in the sample design of problem solving. The teacher should take the children to demonstrate a solution to a problem in public.
This text consists of 4 materials, first take you to familiarize yourself with the textbook:
Material 1: It provides a complete central axis from south to north to introduce the general knowledge of the various attractions of the Palace Museum. After reading the first material, you basically know what is in the Palace Museum, what it is, and how it is.
Ingredient 2: The offer is a anecdote. This anecdote is a real piece of history, but it is interesting to read.
Material 3: Information circulars are provided. The information notice introduces the establishment time of the Palace Museum, the route layout, etc. For example: traveling from south to north, there is no turning back. So if you are in the Palace Museum, you can only enter through the noon gate and exit from the Shenwu gate.
Material 4: What is provided is a bird's-eye view of the Forbidden City. It can be seen that the textbook is very well written because it has four types of texts.
Session A: Read the guide prompts and clarify the task
The introductory prompts for this lesson tell us to do two things:
Task 1: Plan a day trip and draw a guide map.
Task 2: Try to explain one or two places in the Palace Museum to your family.
Define task 2 as a practical goal
In order to achieve this practical goal, we need to read. The purpose of reading is to be able to explain one or two places in the Palace Museum, and at least one of them. Therefore, out of the 4 materials given, it is enough to read only material 2. This is because the story told by Material 2 is very interesting. In this material, we only need to explain the place "Taihe Gate" to achieve the goal.
Material 2, how to read
This unit focuses on the selection of appropriate reading methods, which are how to read them in order to solve problems. So what we want to talk about in this link is: material 2, how to read it to solve the problem.
Method: Intensive reading + annotation
The point of annotation is to extract keywords. After the children have read Material 2 in class, we will ask the children to extract the key words about "Taihemen", and then connect the keywords to be able to tell the story of "Taihemen".
Let's extract and make a demonstration, such as: reconstruction, fire, big wedding, paper tie, these 4 words can ensure that children can express themselves well. The story can be said like this: today's "Taihe Gate" is rebuilt, because in the Guangxu years, "Taihe Gate" once had a fire because of the dereliction of duty of the soldiers guarding the city, and the time of the fire coincided with the wedding of the Guangxu Emperor. These artists made a paper-tied "Taihe Gate" out of papier-mâché. Surprisingly, this paper-tied "Taihe Gate" was actually fake, and Emperor Guangxu successfully held a grand wedding ceremony. It was only after the wedding that the "Taihe Gate" was truly rebuilt and transformed into what we see today.
At this point, our mission 2 is complete.
Reading Strategy: Supplemental Reading
But if we want to do better, we can also use reading strategies to supplement reading. We said, "Students have a total of 4 materials, we have already used one, and there are 3 more, so which one will definitely not be used?" "Let's take a look, material 3 will definitely not be used, because material 3 has nothing to do with telling strange stories, and only material 1 and material 4 can be supplemented.
Let's look at material 1 first, note that we want to teach the method of reading, and choose the appropriate method according to the purpose, so we searched for the keyword "Taihemen" in material 1, and found that the keyword "Taihemen" appeared in paragraphs 3 and 4 of material 1. Next, let's connect it and introduce the "Taihe Gate": enter the noon gate - cross the Jinshui Bridge - go to the Taihe Gate - tell a piece of the anecdote of the Taihe Gate - go out of the Taihe Gate - come to the Taihe Palace. We've got it all covered.
Let's take a look at material 4, material 4, we will annotate, and the picture and text will be matched. First annotate the position of "Taihe Gate" in the illustration, and then read it with pictures and texts, we can say: "Children, you see this is our Taihe Gate, enter the noon gate, cross the Jinshui Bridge to the Taihe Gate, this Taihe Gate is rebuilt, after the fire, when the Guangxu Emperor got married, and then found the paper master, temporarily built a paper paste, the Guangxu Emperor rebuilt after the wedding, this is the legend of the Taihe Gate, through the Taihe Gate to the Taihe Palace, then you can go to visit the core building of the Forbidden City. "At this point, task 2 introduces a scenic spot, and it is completely finished.
Carding:
(1) Clear goals
The meaning of the strategy unit is that the goal should be very clear, our goal is to read, and then choose some appropriate methods, such as search, annotation, intensive reading, keyword extraction, all of which are reading methods.
(2) Flexible "combination"
"Appropriate" here we interpret it as a flexible "combination", don't think that "appropriate" is a method, the most appropriate is often a combination of multiple methods, and only a combination of multiple methods can be called a strategy.
How to check?
Use "creating situations and completing communicative tasks" to test the "reading effect". The teacher plays the role of a tourist, and the students tell us about a sight. The whole class is unanimous and can explain the "Taihe Gate" clearly, this sample is already remarkable.
Session B: Complete Task 1
1. Break down the goal: plan a day trip and draw a guide map.
Draw a guide map
First of all, we can try the route diagram, draw a route from south to north, and then mark it. So we asked the children, "What is the road map?" In which of the 4 materials does the route occur? "We found that there is a route in material 4, and the teacher can directly take the child to see material 4. We told the children: "Since it is from south to north, the exit is at the end, the intersection is at the end, and the Forbidden City is such a line, then you can remember to do one thing on the road map later, delete the unnecessary, and keep the one you want to go." This is the only road map that children can draw, and this is the end of the second small task of task 1.
Plan a day trip
When designing a day trip for your family, the most important thing is to analyze it first. We need to determine where we are going and which places to visit. Please note that both "where to visit" and "where to visit" need to be done through reading.
"Where to Swim" Problem Solving Strategy:
1. Select the reading item - Material 1
We found that out of the 4 materials, only material 1 was the most suitable to solve this problem. Because in Material 1, from the Wumen Gate to the Shenwu Gate, many scenic spots are connected according to the central axis, and an overview is introduced, so Material 1 is the reading item we chose this time.
2. Choose a reading method
a. Search: What are the places?
After searching, we found that there are many scenic spots, including Wumen, Shenwu Gate, Donghua Gate, Xihua Gate, Taihe Gate, White Marble Bridge, Taihe Palace, Zhonghe Palace, Baohe Palace, etc.
b. Sort out: what is specific and interesting
Our purpose is to arrange a day trip for the family, so we just want to sort out which places in the middle of so many attractions are written specifically and which places are interesting, and these specific and interesting places are the places we want to take our families to in the future, so the specific and interesting choices are turned into reading, which is to see which place is written more and which place is written well.
For example, the Taihe Hall among the three major halls (Taihe Palace, Zhonghe Palace, and Baohe Palace) is written in four natural paragraphs of 5, 6, 7, and 8 respectively, and there are 16 paragraphs in the full text, and writing "Taihe Palace" accounts for 4 paragraphs, so that "Taihe Palace" can be confirmed as a must-visit attraction for a day trip by reading. This is called strategy, and this is called choosing a reading method according to the purpose of reading.
Reading:
(1) Read aloud. All this kind of content, which is read aloud, is called intensive reading.
(2) Comparison. There are a total of 16 paragraphs in the whole text, and the introduction of this attraction accounts for 4 paragraphs, which can be confirmed as the focus of the whole text.
(3) Sorting and induction: The three major halls are a combination of scenic spots, so it is the most prominent scenic spot, so this must be a must-visit scenic spot. You are designed for the family is a day trip, even if you see the flowers in a day, you can't see a few places, if the effective time is little, you will first choose a must-visit scenic spot.
Such a design, first, meets the needs of practice; Second, we need to solve problems in a linguistic way.
Another example: the 11th natural paragraph talks about the former dynasty and the inner court. We verify, found that it is a combination series called "Hou Sangong", so it is another combination, when the children read the combination of "Hou Sangong", we are about to use the method, just now we read the first combination of "three palaces", this "Hou Sangong" is the second combination, then, the first combination of us as the only place, the second combination of swim or not? I recommend that you want to swim, because this time the requirement is called a day trip, and when it comes to closing time, you must swim fully on this day. The second combination can be used as an alternative or a "pass-through" attraction in one day, referred to as a "skimming tour".
Let's look at the 15th natural paragraph, the 15th natural paragraph is about the "Imperial Garden", let's read it aloud first, the reading here is still intensive reading, because there are many good words in this paragraph, such as: pavilions, pavilions, ponds, pavilions, green pines, rockeries, flower beds, bonsai, vines, green bamboos, etc., we can take children to accumulate, and at the same time we want to check, just look for a place, find the "Suzhou Garden" mentioned in the text, in the "Suzhou Garden", we can see pavilions, pavilions, ponds, water pavilions, green pines, What are these scenic spots such as cypress, so check and compare the "Imperial Garden" to know whether this attraction has the value of visiting.
However, we told the students that this "Imperial Garden" is a must-visit, because we designed a road map, and the "Imperial Garden" is a must-visit place, so you can't get out without a tour.
3. Route design
So this route can be designed in this way, as soon as the entrance enters, we can first swim the "Taihe Gate", because the "Taihe Gate" can tell stories to parents, and then swim the "Three Palaces", "the last three palaces" we will use as an alternative, and finally swim out of the museum must pass through the "Imperial Garden", so that our route is designed to be completed.
4. Annotation icon
Annotate in the icons of material 4: Taihe Gate (can tell a story), Three Great Palaces (first choice), Three Later Palaces (alternative), Imperial Garden (must pass through).
5. Refer to material 3 to determine the route of walking
Just look at the time, just look at the route.
carding
Objectives: The teaching objectives should be clearly understood.
Data: The data should be used well, and it should be scheduled and combined, so that it is very integrated.
Choice: Choice is what strategy really means.
Test: The test of this lesson is either explicit oral communication or the formation of implicit ideas. These are the two indicators to test the effectiveness of learning.