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In modern transportation construction, we often see two main types of roads: cement roads and asphalt roads. Although they all exist to connect the city and the countryside and facilitate travel, their materials, characteristics and usage scenarios are very different.
First, let's talk about cement roads. Cement roads are characterized by relatively low prices, about 90 yuan per square meter. Its surface is hard and smooth, it belongs to a rigid structure, and it needs to be formed by engraving anchors to form friction surfaces. However, over time, this shallow groove engraving wears out, causing the vehicle to slip easily when driving on it, especially in wet conditions or when there are fine gravels on the road surface, and the danger level is further increased. Therefore, cement roads may affect the safety and comfort of driving in some cases.
In contrast, asphalt roads have very different characteristics. The asphalt pavement coverage rate has reached more than 90% in the mainland provincial trunk highways. Although asphalt has a higher price, which costs about 180 yuan per square meter, it excels in terms of safety and comfort. The coefficient of friction of asphalt pavement is large because the surface stones are extruded and exposed, which enhances the anti-slip performance. In addition, the asphalt road is soft, the vehicle is smoother when driving on it, and the noise is relatively low. As a result, vehicles can travel at higher speeds on asphalt and reach a top speed of 180 mph, compared to just 100 mph on concrete roads.
In addition to price and safety, construction speed and maintenance cost are also one of the reasons for choosing asphalt roads. Asphalt roads are built relatively quickly, requiring only paving, compaction and cooling to open to traffic, while cement roads must undergo a hardening process of up to 10 hours or so before they can be used. During rush hour, even an hour of traffic jams can lead to huge socio-economic losses, with the socio-economic losses of highways reaching $11.9 million. Therefore, in the long run, it is more economical to use asphalt to build roads.
So, how exactly are asphalt roads paved? In the process of road construction, people rarely see the whole process, and more impressions are the stage of laying the road surface. But in fact, in order to ensure the stability and solidity of the road, it is necessary to lay a base layer and a cushion under the surface layer.
The cushion is located at the bottom of the road, and its main functions are drainage, water barrier, frost protection and stain protection. Usually, natural gravel or crushed stone is used to lay the bedding. The intermediate base layer is tasked with load-bearing, so cement mixed with crushed stone is usually used to stabilize the crushed layer. The asphalt surface is laid only after the base layer and bedding have been laid, thus ensuring a long service life of the road.
On the whole, although there are differences in price, characteristics and construction process between cement and asphalt roads, in practical applications, the choice of road type often depends on specific needs and economic considerations. No matter what type of road, they play an irreplaceable role in connecting the city and the countryside and facilitating travel, providing solid support for our life and economic development.
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