Scientists are getting closer to the goal of validating Hawking radiation. Hawking radiation is thermal radiation produced by the event horizon of a black hole, and just mastering this theory is tricky, let alone finding it.
Now, there's a new idea — to create a special kind of quantum circuit that acts as a "black hole laser" that mimics some of the essential properties of a black hole. As with previous studies, the idea is that experts can observe and study Hawking radiation without having to look at real black holes.
The rationale is relatively simple. Black holes are objects that distort space-time so much that not even light waves can escape. Swap space-time for some other material (like water) and make it flow fast enough that the waves that pass through are too slow to escape, and you have a fairly rudimentary model.
The model also includes a "white hole" equivalent— an anti-black hole in which waves can only escape, not enter.
In their latest attempt to design white holes, the researchers proposed using a material that has not been found in nature, a material that is designed so that the particles inside it can move faster than the light that passes through it.
Haruna Katayama, a physicist at Hiroshima University in Japan, said: "Metamaterial elements allow Hawking radiation to travel back and forth between the event horizons. ”
The aim was to amplify Hawking radiation enough to be measured, and to achieve this, Katayama also used the so-called Josephson effect — a phenomenon that does not require any voltage to generate a continuous current.
With metamaterials and the Josephson effect, this proposal is expected to surpass previous theoretical attempts at black hole lasers and truly create a black hole laser.
Studies have shown that such circuits have the potential to produce so-called solitons—a localized and self-reinforcing waveform capable of maintaining their speed and shape until the system is broken by external factors.
"Unlike previously proposed black hole lasers, our version has a black hole/white hole cavity that forms inside a single soliton, and Hawking radiation is emitted outside the soliton, so we can estimate it."
Eventually, the system will allow mathematical measurements of the quantum association between two particles—one within the event horizon and one outside the event horizon—without the need to observe them at the same time.
And that's why Hawking radiation is produced, as entangled particle pairs. Its discovery will bring us closer to a unified grand unified theory that links quantum mechanics to general relativity.
There are still challenges in making this black hole laser a reality, but if scientists can configure it correctly, it could not only allow us to observe Hawking radiation — it could also give us the tools to control it, opening up a whole host of new possibilities.
"In the future, we hope to develop this system that uses Hawking radiation for quantum communication in different time spaces."
The study has been published in Scientific Reports.
https://www.sciencealert.com/this-black-hole-laser-could-be-what-we-need-to-study-an-elusive-type-of-radiation
![Hawking was paralyzed at the age of 21 and confined to a wheelchair for half a century, how did his three children come?[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)