01 Sun Wu (c. 545 BC – c. 470 BC)
Important events:
1 Sun Wu was a famous military strategist and politician during the Spring and Autumn Period, and was known as the "Holy of Soldiers" and "The Master of the Hundred Soldiers".
2 Sun Wu famously said, "Knowing oneself and knowing one's opponent will not be lost in a hundred battles."
3 Sun Wu is the author of thirteen masterpieces "Sun Tzu's Art of War", which is highly regarded by later generations of war masters and is known as the "Holy Book of Military Studies", which occupies an extremely important position in the history of military history, military academia and philosophical thought in China and even the world.
4 Sun Tzu's Art of War has been widely used in politics, economy, military, culture, philosophy and other fields, and has become the most famous model book of military science in the world.
Effect:
1 Sun Wu's ideas and art of war had a profound impact on the military, political, and cultural spheres of ancient and modern China.
2 Sun Tzu's Art of War is regarded as one of the classics of ancient Chinese art of war, and is widely used in military education and actual combat command.
3 Sun Wu's ideas have also received great attention and research from the international military and academic circles.
Evaluations and disputes:
Sun Wu is revered as the "most holy soldier", but some people have put forward different views and criticisms of his ideas on the art of war. Some scholars believe that Sun Tzu's Art of War may have been written by more than one person, but was the result of many revisions and additions. However, both for Sun Wu himself and his writings, the influence and status of Sun Tzu's Art of War is undeniable.
02 Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925)
Important events:
1 Sun Yat-sen was a great pioneer and founder of China's democratic revolution and was hailed as a great patriot.
2 Sun Yat-sen first raised the banner of thorough anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism, founded the Constitution of Five Powers, founded the Whampoa Military Academy and Sun Yat-sen University, and led the Second Revolution and the Dharma Protection Movement.
3 After the Xinhai Revolution, Sun Yat-sen was elected Provisional President of the Republic of China.
Effect:
1 Sun Yat-sen's ideas of democratic revolution influenced the entire history of modern China and laid the foundation for China's modernization process.
2 The "Three People's Principles" ideology founded by Sun Yat-sen, namely national independence, democratic politics, and people's livelihood and happiness, became the ideological foundation of the Chinese Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China.
3 The Whampoa Military Academy founded by Sun Yat-sen trained a large number of revolutionary soldiers and played a positive role in promoting the development and modernization of China's modern military undertakings.
Evaluations and disputes:
Sun Yat-sen's ideas and contributions to the democratic revolution have been widely praised and affirmed. However, Sun Yat-sen's political ideas and practices have also been criticized and controversious, such as his political compromise and the post-compromise political power struggle.
03 Sun Quan (182 – May 21, 252)
Important events:
1 Sun Quan was the founder of Sun Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, and he had great talent and good governance.
2 Sun Quan inherited the footsteps of his father Sun Jian and brother Sun Ce, successfully established the Sun Wu regime, and implemented a series of political, economic, and cultural reforms in the Yangtze River basin and southeast coastal areas.
3 Sun Quan also hired a group of excellent advisers and generals, such as Zhou Yu, Lu Su, Zhang Zhao, and Lu Xun, who jointly made important contributions to the development and expansion of Sun Wu.
Effect:
1 Sun Quan's governing philosophy and talent laid a solid foundation for the development and prosperity of the Sun Wu regime.
2 Sun Quan's strategic thinking and tactics had a profound impact on the development of Chinese military science and the study of ancient Chinese war history.
3 Sun Quan's contribution to culture cannot be ignored, he vigorously developed culture and education in the Sun-Wu regime, and founded the Sun-Wu culture, which played an important role in the development and inheritance of ancient Chinese culture.
Evaluations and disputes:
Sun Quan's talent and political achievements have been widely recognized and praised. However, he has also received some criticism and controversy throughout history, mainly over the power struggles of his cronies and family members, as well as his mistakes in some political and military decisions.
04 Sun Simiao (541–682, disputed)
Important events:
1 Sun Simiao was a famous medicinal and Taoist priest of the Tang Dynasty, and was honored as the "King of Medicine".
2 Sun Simiao was intelligent since childhood, liked the Taoist Laozhuang teachings, and later lived in seclusion in the southern mountains, and accumulated rich experience in folk medicine.
3 Sun Simiao is the author of The Essential Formula of Thousand Gold, an important work in medicine and of great significance to the development and influence of ancient Chinese medicine.
4 Sun also participated in the compilation of the world's first national pharmacopoeia, Tangxin Materia Medica, which also had an important influence on the development and research of ancient Chinese pharmacology.
Effect:
1 Sun Simiao's medical theory and practice have had a profound impact on ancient and modern Chinese medicine.
2 The Essential Formula is regarded as one of the important works of ancient Chinese medicine and is of great significance for the inheritance and development of ancient Chinese medicine.
3 Tang Xin Materia Medica, which Sun Simiao co-compiled, was the world's first national pharmacopoeia and made important contributions to the research and development of ancient Chinese pharmacology.
Evaluations and disputes:
Sun Simiao's medical ideas and achievements have been widely praised and affirmed. However, there are some controversies about his life and achievements, such as the age of his life and the authenticity of his writings.
05 Sun Bin (year of birth and death unknown)
Important events:
1 Sun Bin was a famous military strategist during the Warring States period, a descendant of Sun Wu, who served as a military master in the State of Qi.
2 Sun Bin was persecuted by Pang Juan in his youth, mutilated physically, and later reused in the state of Qi, and assisted Tian Ji in defeating Pang Juan twice, winning the Battle of Guiling and the Battle of Maling, laying the foundation for the rise of the State of Qi.
3 Sun Bin is the author of Sun Bin The Art of War, one of the important works of ancient Chinese military science, which provides important materials for the study of ancient Chinese military thought.
Effect:
1 Sun Bin's military ideas and tactics had a profound impact on the military development of ancient and modern China.
2 Sun Bin The Art of War is regarded as one of the important works of ancient Chinese military science and is of great significance to the study of ancient Chinese military thought and war history.
3 Sun Bin's military practice during the Warring States period also provided valuable experience and lessons for ancient Chinese military theory and practice.
Evaluations and disputes:
Sun Bin's military thinking and achievements have been widely praised and affirmed. However, there are also controversies and studies on Sun Bin's life and writings, the authenticity of Sun Bin Art of War, and other issues.
06 Sun Liren
Important event: Sun Liren was a general during the Chinese War of Resistance Against Japan, he served as the commander of the new First Army during the second invasion of Burma, and led his troops to capture Bamo, Nankan, Laolongshan, Nanbaka, Xinwei, Lashio, Qiaomei and other places, annihilating a total of more than 33,000 Japanese troops, becoming one of the generals who annihilated the Japanese army the most among the generals of military-level units in the Anti-Japanese War. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Sun Liren led his troops to Guangzhou to accept the surrender of the Japanese army. In addition, he served as Commander-in-Chief of the Army, Commander of Security, and Chief of Staff of the Presidential Office in Taiwan.
Influence: Sun Liren's performance in the Anti-Japanese War was highly praised, and he became one of the famous generals during the Chinese Anti-Japanese War. His achievements and contributions are widely praised, especially in China, he is known as "Conglin's Fox" and "Rommel of the East".
Evaluation and controversy: Sun Liren has a straightforward personality, a simple life, efficiency in doing things, and meticulous and serious, opposes bragging and horses, and is deeply loved by his subordinates. However, in 1955, he was removed from office and placed under house arrest in connection with the "Sun Liren case", more than 300 people were implicated and imprisoned, and he himself was criticized and suppressed for 33 years. Sun Liren's history has sparked widespread controversy in Chinese society, with some believing he was treated unfairly and others taking a different view of what he had done.
07 Sun Yang
Important event: Sun Yang, also known as Bo Le, was an equestrian expert during the Spring and Autumn period in China. Because of his excellent study of horses, people forgot his original name and simply called him Bó Lè. He was once the imperial consort of Zhao Jianzi and was known as the "father of Maxima".
Influence: Sun Yang's research on horses was so good that his name was widely known as one of the famous equestrian experts in Chinese history. He was called "Bo Le" by the Tang dynasty writer Han Yue, a title that is still widely used today.
Evaluation and controversy: Sun Yang is regarded as a well-known equestrian expert in Chinese history and has had a profound influence on horse research. However, there is not much written about him in the history books, and some people still dispute his true identity and life.
08 Sun Ce
Important events: Sun Ce was one of the founders of the Wu state regime during the Three Kingdoms period of China, and was the eldest son of the general Sun Jian and the eldest brother of Sun Quan, the emperor of Wu. After inheriting the unfinished business of his father Sun Jian, Sun Ce once submitted to Yuan Shu, but broke with Yuan Shu after he became emperor. Later, Sun Ce was appointed by the imperial court as a general of rebellion and made Marquis of Wu. He unified Jiangdong after capturing Yuzhang County and became known as the Little Overlord of Jiangdong. However, shortly after the unification of Jiangdong, he was injured by Xu Gong Sanmen while hunting in Dantu, and died soon after at the age of 33.
Influence: Sun Ce is a famous military strategist and statesman in Chinese history, and the Wu regime he established has an important place in Chinese history. He showed outstanding military talent and leadership in the process of unifying Jiangdong, and was known as the "Little Overlord of Jiangdong".
Evaluation and controversy: Sun Ce is regarded as an outstanding leader and military strategist in Chinese history, and his military talent and political wisdom have been praised. However, he died too early and did not fully complete his career, which also made people's evaluation of him controversial. In addition, some historians believe that Sun Ce had some political flaws, such as excessive compromise in his dealings with Yuan Shu.
09 Sun Li
Important events: Sun Li is a modern Chinese writer and essayist, and one of the founders of the "Lotus Dian School". His representative works include "The Beginning of the Storm", "Ironwood Prequel", "Lotus Lake", "Luhuadang" and so on. His unique style of work, emphasizing the perception of life and attention to social reality, is deeply loved by readers.
Influence: Sun Li's work has had a profound impact on modern Chinese literature, and he is considered one of the representatives of modern Chinese prose. His unique literary style has had an important impact on the development of modern Chinese literature.
Evaluation and controversy: Sun Li is widely regarded as one of the important figures in the history of modern Chinese literature. His works are unique in style, expressing his deep thoughts and concern for social reality. However, some believe that some of his works have some problems politically, such as "Lotus Lake", which is considered to reflect "rightist thought". In addition, his literary achievements have also caused a lot of controversy, and some people consider his works to be too "verbose" and "self-feeling".
10 Sun Chengzong
Important event: Sun Chengzong was a famous military strategist and patriotic general in the late Ming Dynasty. He was a teacher of Zhu Youxiao of the Ming Xi Dynasty, and later replaced Wang Zaijin as the supervisor of Jixiao, built the 200-li defense line of Ningjin, and commanded an army of 110,000, with outstanding merits. However, he was jealous and ostracized by Wei Zhongxian, and eventually resigned and returned to his hometown. Later, he was recalled again by the imperial court to help defend against the Qing invasion, and had repelled the Qing army, but was soon attacked again by the imperial ministers, and finally resigned and returned home. In the eleventh year of Chongzhen, the Qing army attacked in a big way, and Sun Chengzong led his family to guard Gaoyang, but the city was captured and hanged himself.
Influence: Sun Chengzong was one of the most famous military strategists and patriotic generals in Chinese history who made important contributions to the fight against Qing invasions during the Ming Dynasty. His construction of the Ningjin 200-li defense line played an important role in resisting the Qing invasion, and his strategic ideas and military talents were widely praised by later generations.
Evaluation and controversy: Sun Chengzong is widely regarded as an outstanding general and military strategist in Chinese history, making important contributions to Chinese history. However, his life story has also caused some controversy. Some believe that he was too compromising in the political struggles of the late Ming dynasty, while others believe that his military talents and leadership earned him respect and praise.