In August 1929, Yang Jingyu, then secretary of the Fushun District Special Branch of the Communist Party of China, went deep into the Fushun Coal Mine and led the miners in the anti-Japanese struggle. After being betrayed and imprisoned by traitors, Yang Jingyu was unyielding and engaged in a witty and courageous struggle with the Japanese police station. In the end, Yang Jingyu was sentenced to one and a half years in prison for "counter-revolutionary attempts."
At the end of August 1929, the Japanese-controlled Manchuria Daily, Shengjing Times, and other newspapers published news in important positions that "Zhang Guanyi, the underground leader of the Communist Party, was arrested in Fushun." The "Zhang Guanyi" mentioned in the newspapers is General Yang Jingyu, an excellent communist fighter, a great anti-Japanese national hero, and the founder and leader of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army.
<h1>He was personally appointed by Liu Shaoqi as the secretary of the Fushun Special Branch</h1>
Yang Jingyu, whose original name was Ma Shangde, was born in February 1905 to a poor peasant family in Liwan Village, Qishan County, Henan Province, and was admitted to the First Industrial (Kaifeng Textile Dye) School in Henan Province in 1923. Yang Jingyu actively pursued the truth, and soon joined the Marxist Theory Research Society founded by Li Dazhao, and was absorbed into the Chinese Socialist Youth League in 1926. In the winter of 1926, Yang Jingyu returned to his hometown of Qishan County to lead the peasant movement. In June 1927, Yang Jingyu gloriously joined the Communist Party of China. On November 1, 1927, Yang Jingyu organized the famous Liudian Autumn Harvest Uprising. At the end of 1928, Yang Jingyu, as a special commissioner of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, successively went to Xinyang, Luoyang, Kaifeng and other places to carry out underground party work, under the pseudonym "Zhang Guanyi".
Since Chiang Kai-shek's counter-revolutionary coup d'état on April 12, 1927, the White Terror has engulfed the whole country, and a large number of Communists have been arrested and imprisoned, tortured, and even brutally killed. During this period, the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China was also repeatedly destroyed, and the main responsible persons were arrested one after another, and the situation was very difficult. In July 1929, Yang Jingyu was transferred by the Party Central Committee to the northeast to engage in party work.
At that time, Fushun, Liaoning, was one of the four major industrial centers in the northeast, with a concentration of industrial workers, high consciousness, and a good revolutionary foundation, and the Manchurian Provincial Party Committee set up a special branch of Fushun here. However, due to the traitor's whistle-blowing, the head of the Fushun Special Branch of the CPC was arrested, the party organization was destroyed, and it was urgent to send a comrade with work experience to open the situation. Because Yang Jingyu had experience in leading underground struggles in Henan, Liu Shaoqi, secretary of the Manchurian Provincial CPC Committee, appointed Yang Jingyu as the secretary of the fushun special branch of the CPC to specifically lead the struggle of coal miners against the Japanese leadership.
<h1>Go deep into the Fushun Coal Mine to carry out the anti-Japanese struggle</h1>
In August 1929, Yang Jingyu came to Fushun. In accordance with the spirit of the instructions of the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, he focused his work on industrial workers and carried out work centered on the "eight major mines, large factories in Southern Manchuria, and power generation stations" as the center. At that time, most of the miners in Fushun were from Shandong, and Yang Jingyu claimed to be a native of Caozhou, Shandong Province, which is adjacent to northeastern Henan, picked up a t-pickaxe and went down with the miners to the damp and dark mine to dig coal. The miners did not know yang Jingyu in detail, afraid that the detectives sent by the mine rarely spoke to him. Yang Jingyu was not impatient about this, but secretly happy, because the miners treated themselves coldly, which showed that they were highly vigilant.
One day, an old miner, because he had no money to see a doctor and no rice in his home, forced his scalp to find a foreman to borrow money, and the unreasonable foreman not only did not borrow anything, but also seriously injured him. Yang Jingyu rushed to the old miner's house on hearing the news and sent his only two pieces of ocean. Since then, the miners' attitude towards Yang Jingyu has gradually changed. After a period of contact, Yang Jingyu, who was honest, enthusiastic and considerate, became the core figure among the miners, and the workers affectionately called him "Shandong Zhang" or "Zhang Dazi", and were willing to talk to him and consult with him when they had difficulties. According to the actual situation, Yang Jingyu also adopted the forms of organizing fraternal groups and literacy classes to closely unite the miners.
At that time, the mortality rate of miners in the Fushun mining area was very high, and every day people were starved to death, killed, and burned to death by the gas of the explosion. In order to achieve the purpose of squeezing miners to the maximum extent, Japanese miners have also continuously reduced personnel and extended working hours. The labor intensity of the miners is too great, the body is difficult to load, coupled with the harsh living conditions, the spread of disease, and the life is miserable. Yang Jingyu decided to organize and lead a strike of coal miners to fight for the rights and interests of the miners.
Yang Jingyu first called on the miners to unite, not to work, not to produce coal, and to get stuck in the neck of the Japanese economically. After the Japanese mine owners could not bear the losses caused by the strike and proposed to negotiate with the miners to solve the problem, Yang Jingyu led the representatives of the miners to offer conditions for the resumption of work to the Japanese miners: immediately recall the laid-off miners, improve the working conditions of the miners, increase the wages of the miners, and pay extra wages for overtime. Yang Jingyu made it clear that if the Japanese mine owners do not agree to the above requirements, they will resolutely not resume work. Four days later, the Japanese miners, who had suffered huge economic losses, were forced to agree to the miners' conditions, and the coal mine strike struggle was victorious, which also greatly enhanced the party's prestige in the eyes of the workers.
<h1>He was betrayed by internal traitors and was arrested and imprisoned</h1>
The coal mine strike shocked Fushun City, and the Japanese Kwantung Army was aware of the fact that the matter was related to the Communist Party, so it ordered the Japanese police stationed in Fushun to find the CCP underground organization as soon as possible and wait for the opportunity to arrest the leader. At this time, Wang Zhenxiang, a member of the Fushun Special Branch and head of the party group in the Qianjinzhai Mining Area, was arrested by the Japanese Police Department for accidentally exposing his whereabouts by posting slogans calling for workers to strike in the mining area. Wang Zhenxiang defected under heavy punishment, confessed that Zhang Guanyi was his superior, and provided Zhang Guanyi with the address of Fuhe Inn in the Fushun Xinzhan area.
On the afternoon of August 30, the Japanese police station mobilized a large number of police agents to closely monitor the Fuhe Inn. At 5 p.m., yang Jingyu, who was unaware, was arrested by the Japanese police as soon as he stepped into the room of the Fuhe Inn. The Japanese police found six red flags at Yang Jingyu's residence, printed materials such as the Draft Work Plan of the Manchurian Provincial Party Committee, the Resolution and Spirit of the Second Plenary Session, and the Provincial Party Committee Circular No. 3, as well as some medicines. In addition, due to Wang Zhenxiang's confession, from August 30 to September 5, the Japanese police department also arrested 10 CCP members and trade union members in the Guchengzi, Dashankeng, Dongxiang and other mines, and the Fushun Special Party Branch of the CPC suffered a serious damage.
<h1>Fight wit and courage against the Japanese Police Station</h1>
After Yang Jingyu was arrested, he was held in a single prison number at the Detention Center of the Japanese Police Station. That night, the Japanese police station conducted a focused interrogation of him. Based on Wang Zhenxiang's confession and the items found, the Japanese police department concluded that this man, Zhang Guanyi, was the new Communist "leader" in Fushun. In the dimly lit interrogation room, the enemy tried to make Yang Jingyu admit that he was a communist, and then to admit that he was the "leader" of the Communist Party, so as to discover all the secrets of the Fushun Communist organization. However, several hours passed, and the enemy failed to get a useful word out of Yang Jingyu's mouth.
In the early morning of August 31, Yang Jingyu was interrogated again, but he always insisted on answering that he did not know what the Communist Party was. Therefore, the Japanese police took out the red flag and the "Draft Work Plan of the Manchurian Provincial CPC Committee," "Resolution and Spirit of the Second Plenary Session," and "Provincial Party Committee Circular No. 3" that had been found from Yang Jingyu's residence in a vain attempt to make Yang Jingyu admit that he was a member of the Communist Party in front of "physical evidence." Yang Jingyu calmly responded to these "physical evidences," saying that these prints were left behind by others when they gave him medicine, not his own, and asked rhetorically: "If I am a Communist Party member, how dare I not put these things in the open place without self-inspection?" The Japanese police had to show the last card and take the traitor Wang Zhenxiang to the interrogation room and confront Yang Jingyu. Yang Jingyu stared at the traitor with contempt, refusing to admit that he knew him. In the face of Yang Jingyu, who was awe-inspiring in righteousness, the traitor Wang Zhenxiang was self-conscious.
When the Japanese police saw that Yang Jingyu refused to confess, they exerted obscene coercion and tortured him for five or six consecutive days and nights. Whipping, bar pressing, sitting on a tiger stool, pouring cold water, the Japanese police did everything they could, torturing Yang Jingyu to the point of scaling and many times comatose, but Yang Jingyu was still unyielding. In the end, the Japanese police simply threw Yang Jingyu into a chest-deep water prison. The wounds left by torture to force confessions are the pain of knife cutting after being soaked in water. However, in the face of all kinds of inhuman torture and torture by the enemy, Yang Jingyu always gritted his teeth and did not reveal any secrets of the party. The soaking in the water cell caused Yang Jingyu's wounds to be infected and ulcerated in a large area, and the high fever continued to persist. However, because the Japanese police department only had Wang Zhenxiang's confession and no other evidence, it was forced by public opinion and did not dare to rush to harm Yang Jingyu, and finally had to give up torture and interrogation.
<h1>Get out of the clutches of the devil and continue fighting</h1>
In mid-October 1929, the Japanese police department extradited Yang Jingyu to the Kuomintang Fushun District Court on the grounds that he was ill in prison. Since then, Yang Jingyu has escaped from the clutches of the Japanese. In the archives of the Liaoning Provincial Archives, "To Report the Cause of the Illness of Detainee Zhang Guanyi", there is such a record: "Zhang Guanyi, an extraditioner of the Prefectural Detention Day Bureau, was seriously injured when he entered the detention center, and although the wounds are slightly healed, they are only added to the headache, the situation is very heavy, I am afraid of danger, I should sign a report to verify ..." A few sentences reveal that Yang Jingyu was tortured by the Japanese.
After being extradited to the Fushun District Court, Yang Jingyu was confronted with interrogation, always insisting that he was a coal merchant from Shandong Province, and exposed the crimes of Japanese imperialism in brutally trampling on the Chinese people and trampling on Chinese laws with his wounded body in court. The court had no choice but to extradite Yang Jingyu to the Liaoning High Court Prosecutor's Office.
On December 25, Chen Shijie, procurator of the Procuratorial Department of the Liaoning Provincial High Court, indicted Yang Jingyu on suspicion of "counter-revolution": "The defendant who intends to propagate communism and commits the crime of attempting to commit article 6 of the Counter-Revolutionary Crime Law shall be sent to public sentencing in accordance with article 253 of the Criminal Procedure Law." ”
In the end, Yang Jingyu was sentenced to one year and six months in prison and sent to Fengtian First Prison to serve his sentence. In the spring of 1931, Yang Jingyu was released from prison after completing his sentence and immediately threw himself into a new battle.
After the "918" incident, Yang Jingyu served as secretary of the Harbin Municipal CPC Committee and acting secretary of the Military Commission of the Manchurian Provincial CPC Committee; in the autumn of 1932, he was sent to Panshi County, Jilin Province, to organize anti-Japanese guerrillas and marched to the war-torn anti-Japanese battlefield.
As one of the main founders and leaders of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army, Yang Jingyu led his troops to fight against the Japanese puppet army in Jilin and Liaodong for a long time, threatening the northeast and effectively cooperating with the war of resistance against Japan throughout the country. On February 23, 1940, Yang Jingyu died heroically at the age of 35 while fighting the Japanese army in Mengjiang County (now Jingyu County) in Jilin Province.
Original: Zhao Chunli, Source: Chinese Communist Party News Network.