As a famous scholar of Jiaozhou in the Qing Dynasty, Fa Ruozhen was not only a famous "poetry, book, and painting" three masters, but also a feudal official with remarkable political achievements. He wrote many works in his lifetime, and in the early years of the Qing Dynasty, he was known as "Taishan Beidou".
According to the records of historical documents, Fa Ruozhen's ancestral home in Jiaozhou is beyond doubt.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the Qianlong edition of the Qing Dynasty's "Jiaozhou Zhi" record of Fa Ruozhen</h1>
The Qianlong edition of the Jiaozhou Chronicle of the Qing Dynasty includes Fa Ruozhen as a local eunuch, and the data records that Fa Ruozhen, the character Han Ru, and the number Huangshan. In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, when the state was newly established, the imperial court recruited talents with the "Five Classics of Different Talents", and Fa Ruozhen was hired and initially awarded the Zhongshu Sheren. In the third year of Shunzhi (1646), he was a jinshi and was given the inner court to read, and his reputation was at that time. In the fifth year of Shunzhi (1648), he served as the chief examiner of Fujian, and selected many talented personnel for the country.
In the tenth year of Qing Shun's reign, Fa Ruozhen's father Fa Huan served as the judge of Zhenhai, and was confronted by Hai Shixing, the chief soldier of the Jiaozhen battalion, who launched a mutiny, and Huan Gong scolded the thief for martyrdom. When Fa Ruozhen heard the news, Yu Sima Men was in pain, and asked the imperial court to ask soldiers to eliminate the thieves, and finally beheaded the thieves in the sea, and the first rank was brought back to Jiaozhou to sacrifice his father's undead.
Outside the Xinghua Road in Fujian Province, there were thieves invading, and Fa Ruozhen commanded Ruoding to read the texts with the students at the head of the city, but the enemy was hostile. In the first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1662), he moved to Zhejiang to be an envoy and was responsible for trying major local cases, and successively dealt with the "Zhu Youming False Accusations of Rebellion" and "Wang Shi Father and Son False Accusations against Officials", and the falsely framed Zhejiang Inspector Zhu Dingzuo, the former envoy Song Wan, and other officials washed away their grievances, the leaders of the crimes Zhu Youming and Wang Shifufa, and more than 130 other people who were implicated were acquitted. He also successfully tried the "Quzhou Fang Clan Unjust Case" that had been unjust for ten years. The political achievements shocked the government and the public, and for a while they were rumored to be beautiful talks.
The imperial court inspected the promotion, and Fa Ruozhen was reappointed as the envoy of the Anhui Clan Sibu, and when his mother died of illness, Fa Ruozhen returned to his hometown to mourn. In the eighteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, the courtiers recommended the examination of Hongboko, but Fa Ruozhen politely refused. Since then, he has lived in seclusion in Huangshan, and has written twenty volumes of the "Huangshan Collection", which was handed down to the world, and in the thirtieth year of Kangxi (1691), he returned to his hometown from Huangshan, and died of illness in the same year, dying at the age of eighty-four.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the description of Fa Ruozhen in the calligraphy and painting materials of modern celebrities</h1>
In the "Dictionary of Chinese Painters' Personal Names" published in the twenty-third year of the Republic of China (1934), Fa Ruozhen was recorded from the perspective of artistic achievements. Fa Ruozhen, a native of Jiaozhou, is a Shunzhi Jinshi. Kangxi did not cite erudition. Gong poems, fine books, Yashan landscapes. His brushwork is exquisite, and his paintings are elegant and vulgar, and there is a faint momentum of dust. Praised for being "not bound by the history of the times".
The Dictionary of Chinese Artists, published in 1981, records that Fa Ruozhen (1631-1696), a native of Jiaozhou, Shandong. In the third year of Shunzhi (1646), he was a jinshi and an envoy of the official Anhui Province. In the eighteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1679), he held up erudite words, and when he was at home, he did not take the test. Regarding Fa Ruozhen's artistic achievements, "calligraphy Wei Jin, and there is morale, exquisitely grasping the big book, with a huge large book Sima Wen Gong Zen Wei, the stroke flying." Yashan landscape, accidentally involved in the pen, it is elegant, not stained with dust atmosphere, smoke clouds, pen and ink floating, its own style. "
It can be seen from the above information that the real place of origin of Fa ruo is Jiaozhou, which is an undisputed fact. However, after experiencing changes in administrative setting planning, Jiaozhou and Jiaonan are divided into two administrative regions that are not subordinate to each other, and the Jiaozhou nationality to which Fa Ruozhen belongs is still in the current Jiaozhou City or the old Jiaonan.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Jiaozhou move south, or Jiaozhou moves to Jiaozhou? </h1>
In this regard, the former Jiaonan County Government in 1990 "Jiaonan County Chronicle", the fa ruozhen place of origin as "Jiaonan County Baoshan Township Shangzhuang people." "Jiaonan County Gazetteer" records that Shangzhuang, 15.3 kilometers northwest of Jiaonan County, on the west bank of the upper reaches of the Wind River, on both sides of the Zhangcang Highway in Nandu Village. According to legend, in the early years of the Ming Dynasty, there was a legal surname, and the village was moved from Xiaoyunnan. Because there is a temple in the local area, the name of the village is "Monk's Village". At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the townspeople removed the word "He" and renamed it "Shangzhuang" because of their indecent name. It is also reported that the Shangzhuang Fa clan immigrated here during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, and around the middle of the Ming Dynasty, during the Chenghua period, the first ancestral code of the Jiaozhou Fa clan served as jiaozhou xuezheng, and only then did the branch migrate to settle in Jiaozhou.
The answer can be found in the "Jiaozhou Fa Clan Genealogy", the time of this revision is the fifth year of Kangxi, and the cultivator is Fa Ruozhen's cousin Fa Ruozhen. In the twenty-first year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Fa Ruozhen returned to his hometown due to illness and revised the genealogy again. In the sixth year of Jiaqing in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the fifteenth generation of the Fa clan, Sun FaRujian, added the genealogy, and the sixteenth generation of Sun Fa Ke continued to revise it. This genealogy is orderly and can be used as a history of faith.
There is a detailed genealogy of Fa Ruozhen in the "Fa Clan Genealogy", from the ancestor Fa Du La (later renamed Fa Ruo Zheng), to the first ancestor of the Fa clan in Jiaozhou, to the eleventh Sun Fa Ruozhen, there was no record of the People with the surname of Fa moving to Jiaonan before, and the sixteenth Fade moved to Wang GeZhuang in Jiaonan County. Previously, according to research, Fashi Shiju Old City Fajia Street, today's Jiaozhou Changzhou Road Primary School south of the area. At the east end of Fajia Street, the old Fajia Ancestral Hall was three bays, which was later demolished.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > fa ruozhen self-certified nationality in Jiaozhou</h1>
Fa Ruozhen is known as the "poetry, calligraphy and painting" of the three masterpieces, in many works, also recorded information about his place of origin, such as in the "Dripping Rock Absolute Top Begonia" poem preface, he wrote, "There are Song family houses under the mountain, dozens of acres of flowers and trees, brothers are hospitable. Yu eighteen years old from the first doctor to avoid the army." The "mountain" mentioned in the text is the Jiaonan Tiepu Mountain, as the title of the poem says, that is, the dripping rock of the Ping'an Ridge of the Tiepu Mountain. When the disaster came here, Fa Ruozhen was eighteen years old. Then he mentioned, "For another ten years, I avoided the army at Yangjiashan Mountain and went to drip water for ten miles." The second time to avoid disasters, came to Yangjia Mountain, which was ten miles away from dishui rock. These things happened in his youth before Fa Ruozheng entered politics.
Later, the author mentioned, "For another twenty years, I avoided the soldiers again, and I came to Jiaonan to avoid disasters for the third time, and then settled in Huangshan. The Huangshan Mountain here is not the world-famous Huangshan Mountain in Anhui, but a small mountain with a low altitude in Jiaonan. Fa Ruozhen is called Huangshan, that is, from this.
He spent a peaceful and secluded life here, "pillow seven treasures, face a hundred children, drink pearl water, fish for the Lan River", away from the official chaos, plain and leisurely. "Sixty years ago, he was not bald, and after sixty years, he was shaped like a tree", and in his later years, if he was really old and sick, he "could not go out of the portal, nor did he ask what the begonias of the mountain were like", although it was only thirty miles away from the dripping rock where he lived in his youth, he could no longer set foot in the old land and revisit.
Fa Ruozhen wrote in the poem, "From guan Yue Mu no long, sold thousands of acres of bamboo in the south of the city." Gong Gong Ge Jia was shocked and forced to build a hut in The Yellow Mountains. From this, it can be seen that Fa Ruozhen resigned from his official post and returned to his hometown, and he did not have much savings, so he sold the fields in the south of the city and raised funds before coming to Huangshan to live in a house. The poem "Dripping Rock Absolute Begonia" is an ancient style long piece, and the tone of the whole article is sad, and there is a taste in the heart.
Fa Ruozhen clearly stated that his residence in Jiaozhou was near the "Yunxi River", and the poem reads, "Yunxi Xibei Laozhangren", saying that his elder brother-in-law, Cui Bing, lived on the north bank of the Yunxi River, and he himself lived on the south bank. From this, it can be completely inferred that Fa Ruozhen was born in Jiaozhou in 1608 and lived in Fajia Street in Jiaozhou City for seventy-six years until he moved to Huangshan in 1684.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > fa ruozhen and Jiaonan inseparable complex</h1>
According to the time node mentioned in the preface to "Dripping Rock Absolute Top Begonia", "Jiazi July, Mr. Tan Bofu said the situation in the world by inch", "Jiazi July" should be Kangxi Twenty-three Years (1684) July, "Dripping Rock Absolute Top Begonia" is seven years before Fa Ruozhen's death. The time when he came to Jiaonan twice to avoid chaos should be the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (1626) and the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636). Seven years after the poem, Farojin passed away.
Although Fa Ruozhen is not a Jiaonan person, Jiaonan's Tieqi Mountain and Huangshan Mountain have an inseparable complex in his life. In order to avoid war and chaos, he bid farewell to the life of a scholar and eunuch, and his experience of coming to Tieqi Mountain twice with his family enabled him to witness the decay and corruption of the feudal dynasty and the disaster life of the people, which laid the ideological foundation of "serving the country and the people" for his future political career. His act of showing compassion for the people and pouring his family into paying taxes on barren land for the victims of the disaster was rare in the history of feudal society.
According to legend, Tiepu Mountain is really a rare paradise with "hundreds of meters high, cliffs like covers, water falling from the stone, half a waist drop, water into a spring, no overflowing rain, no drought". The landscapes and rivers of Jiaonan gave this great talent endless inspiration and spiritual food, allowing him to escape from the world, study classic ancient books, enhance the artistic realm, leave valuable spiritual wealth, and give birth to the founder of the Huangshan School of Painting, who is famous for his calligraphy and painting.
(Original work, copyright belongs to the headline number "Notes of the Stone Lion's Jiao'ao".) The graphics and text materials are from Internet public resources)