The protagonist of the story: Chen Jinghu, ziyintan, pseudonym Li Tieran. A native of Nanjing Village, Fushan Township, Jianping County, Liaoning Province. A member of the Communist Party of China He participated in the revolution during the Great Revolution and served as the head of the Rehe Working Committee of the CPC and the secretary of the Inner Mongolia Special Committee of the CPC. Early revolutionary activist of the Party in Liaoning.
Chen Jing lake
In 1919, the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal May Fourth Patriotic Movement broke out in Beijing, and all walks of life in Tianjin, especially the academic circles, responded enthusiastically. One day in mid-May, Chen Jinghu gave an impassioned speech standing on a high table on Tianjin Beima Road, the first shot of 18-year-old Chen Jinghu appearing in the history of the Chinese Communist Party.
In September of that year, Zhou Enlai organized the "Awakening Society" in Tianjin, and soon after, the "New Life Society" was established with the students of the Provincial No. 1 Middle School directly under the central government as the backbone, and Chen Jinghu became the main member of the society. In April of the following year, the "Xinsheng Society" published a periodical with socialist overtones, "Xinsheng", introducing new ideas and propagating new ideas. The progressive society in Tianjin received the attention and guidance of Li Dazhao, and then established the "Marxist Research Society", and Chen Jinghu became acquainted with Li Dazhao, Yu Shude and other pioneers of Marxism-Leninism. In 1923, Chen Jinghu was introduced by Li Dazhao to join the Communist Party of China — becoming the first Liaoning party member in the history of the Communist Party of China.
Relief of the Monument to the People's Heroes – The May Fourth Movement
In 1923, the Communist Party of China held its Third Congress in Guangzhou to discuss the issue of Kuomintang-Communist cooperation and decided that CCP members could join the Kuomintang in their own name in order to establish a united front for the democratic revolution. In order to implement the party's resolution, Chen Jinghu joined the Kuomintang in his personal name.
In January 1924, the Chinese Kuomintang held its first national congress, which adopted a declaration drafted by the Communists with anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism as the main content, and the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation was launched. Subsequently, most parts of the country reorganized or established Kuomintang party departments at all levels with CCP members and leftists as the backbone.
After the kuomintang was founded, the northern region of the CPC sent Chen Jinghu to Inner Mongolia to carry out the party's underground work and military movement work, and his public identity was feng Yuxiang's detachment leader of the Song Zheyuan Department of the Northwest Army. Since then, Chen Jinghu has left school life and embarked on the road of professional revolution.
Straight to the historical pictures of the war
In 1924, the Second Zhifeng War broke out. The Northern District Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China headed by Li Dazhao decided to adopt the strategy of the United Nations Nationalist Army to overthrow Duan Qirui and the Fengzhi warlords, and to this end sent Communists to the Nationalist Army to carry out military movement work and build an army directly controlled by the Communist Party. In this way, Chen Jinghu, who was the commander of the Rehe Civil Army, personally returned to his hometown of Jianping County to mobilize the masses and expand the ranks of the people's army. He led his troops to garrison Jianping Street for two months, recruiting more than 30 cavalrymen. During the garrison, the busy Chen Jinghu had no time to take care of his family. Once, he led his troops through Ye Baishou Town, which was only 5 kilometers away from home, and Chen Jinghu could not go home to visit his parents, wives and children, but only entrusted someone to carry a message to his family.
In the army, Chen Jinghu often taught the soldiers to "not disturb the people, not harm the people, and serve the toiling masses.", and he also ate the same meals as the soldiers and paid for the meals according to the regulations. The concept of "serving the toiling masses" was actually rooted in Chen Jinghu's heart as early as when he did not participate in the revolution. His wife, Chen Gengshi, recalled that when he was in middle school, Chen Jinghu often went from village to village during the winter and summer vacations to publicize new ideas and concepts. He advised his girls and sisters not to tie their feet, and he persuaded them and the young women of the village to let go of their entangled feet. He also prevented his nephews from buying land, saying: "In the future, the land and real estate will be owned by everyone, and the toiling masses will be the masters of the country." ”
With the in-depth development of the Great Revolution, in order to better implement the Party's propositions among the masses, the Northern District Committee of the CPC decided to set up a mass organization in Inner Mongolia, the Great Alliance of Workers, Peasants, and Soldiers. In the winter of 1925, the Inner Mongolia Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Grand Alliance Congress was held in Zhangjiakou, and the congress announced the formal establishment of the Inner Mongolia Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Grand Alliance, which constituted the Central Committee of the League, with Li Dazhao as secretary, Zhao Shiyan and Han Linfu as deputy secretaries, and Chen Jinghu, Zheng Pilie, Jia Darong, Ji Yatai, Li Yuzhi, Wang Zhongyi, and Zhang Zhiping as members of the Central Executive Committee.
After the White Terror, the CCP's Inner Mongolia Special Committee was destroyed. Chen Jinghu lost contact with the party organization. In june 1930, Chen Jinghu made a surprising decision to go directly to the Soviet Union to find the Comintern! In this way, together with another party member, Liu Gang, he crossed Outer Mongolia, crossed the desert and steppe, trekked with difficulty, and finally made contact with the Communist International in the Soviet Union. Soon after, Chen Jinghu returned to China again– ordered to re-establish the CCP's Inner Mongolia Special Committee and serve as interim secretary.
After "9/18", due to the influence of the "non-resistance" policy, the Japanese army invaded on a large scale. In March 1933, the province of Rehe fell. The CPC Inner Mongolia Special Committee was transferred from Rehe to Zhangjiakou. Chen Jinghu participated in the formation of the "Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Allied Army" and served as a senator of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army. In May, the Japanese army pressed forward to the hinterland of Chahar, and Chen Jinghu rushed day and night to organize the anti-Japanese allied army.
On May 12, Chen Jinghu was dispatched by Feng Yuxiang, commander of the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, to lead his staff officer Zhu Yueyuan and guards by car to the area of Zhangbei County to inspect the anti-Japanese armed forces. While passing through birch beams, he was ambushed by a reactionary vigilante group, and Chen Jinghu was seriously wounded and killed. Before dying, he told the guards: "I have bled too much to live." After your death, you quickly reported the situation to Zhang Da nose (Ke Qingshi) and Wang And Hui (Wang Yueting, Hui Shiru) and relayed it to the central authorities. ”
Pictures of Chen Jinghu Martyrs Cemetery. In March this year, it was listed in the 11th batch of provincial-level cultural relics protection units in Liaoning Province (revolutionary cultural relics category)
After Chen Jinghu's death, due to the complicated environment at that time, he was always mistaken for a warlord by his relatives and friends in his hometown. It wasn't until 1981, half a century later, that Wang Yilun, author of the article "The Road Is Long- My Revolutionary Guide Chen Jinghu" and former deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Congress, saw a photograph of Chen Jinghu preserved by the Chen family after half a century. The old party member burst into tears, and the past years seemed to reappear in front of him. After the article was published, Chen Jinghu's true identity as the party's early revolutionary leader could finally be revealed to the world.
(Editor-in-Charge: Chen Xiaolan)
Source: Shenyang Net