Original title: Literature, No. 5, 2021, Table of Contents and Content Abstract
Bibliography of Literature, No. 5, 2021
Journal and Letter Study Special
Special Issue Introduction Ma Zhongwen
The historical value of yinghe diary is discussed
——On the writing process of "Enfutang Poetry Banknote" Zheng Xiaoyou
Abstract: Yinghe was a heavy minister during the Jiaqing and Daoguang years, and a representative figure of the Manchurian Keju family in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, and the "Essays on the Work of Nong shu Shu Cong" and the "Diary of Fengzhi Shaanxi and Gansu" are his two diary manuscripts. The "Essays on the Journey of the Envoys to Shaanxi and Gansu" is now in the National Library of Tsinghua University, and records the situation along the way of Jiaqing's eleventh year (1806) Yinghe and Jiaqing Emperor Mulan Qiuhuo and the visit to The Tanglin; the "Diary of the Envoy to Shaanxi and Gansu" is now in the National Library, which records the situation along the way of Jiaqing's eleventh year (1806) Yinghe kai cabinet scholar Chu Pengling to Gansu to investigate and handle cases. Based on their original, subjective and detailed documentary characteristics, the two diaries have important historical value in activating the political history, institutional history and social life history of the middle Qing Dynasty. The comparison of the poems recorded in them with the manuscripts, copies and engravings of the English and Chinese poetry collection "Enfutang Poetry Notes" is also helpful in understanding the process of writing the various editions of the "Enfutang Poetry Banknotes".
Keywords: Yinghe "Nong Shu Shu Cong" "Diary of the Envoy Shaanxi and Gansu" "Enfutang Poetry Banknote"
Weng Xincun and Weng Tonggong jujing diary reading research Jia Hongtao
Abstract: Weng Xincun, Weng Tonggong father and son both lived in Beijing from 1860 to 1862, their diaries have a three-year overlap, after reading the diaries of this period, it is found that there are various coincidences in the writing rules, wording tone, and content arrangement of the Weng father and son diaries, which can be inferred from the relatively weak privacy of their family diaries. At the same time, the diary of Weng's father and son shows the dislocation of time in the record of the same event, and refers to other historical materials to reveal the arbitrariness and ambiguity of Weng Tonggong's diary record, which deviates from the immediacy of the diary style. Finally, through the reading and overall grasp of the diary of Jujing for three years, it is highlighted that the "Diary of Weng Xincun" has a richer value and meaning than that of "Diary of Weng Tonggong".
Keywords: Weng Xincun Weng Tonggong Diary Reading
The manuscript "Anyi Diary" received a letter to be examined
——On the value of the diary's collection of letters and documents Yang Kai
Abstract: Fang Maoshi was a bureaucrat, bibliophile and poet of the late Qing Dynasty, and his manuscript "Anyi Diary" preserves a large number of correspondence with confidential officials of the central government, relatives and friends of the localities, and various social personnel, involving the history of the Sino-French war, the history of the ecology and social life of the late Qing Dynasty, and has a unique historical value. The compilation of correspondence materials in private diaries in history is of great significance for documentation and historical research, and deserves the attention of researchers.
Keywords: Fang Maoshi "Anyi Diary" Correspondence literature
Mr. Xu Senyu and the Beijing Normal Library
——Centered on Yu Zezhen's diary materials, Sun Yurong
Abstract: In the 1920s, Mr. Xu Senyu worked in the Beijing Normal Library, but there are not many written records left. In the manuscript of the diary of his colleague Yu Zezhen, there is a written record of Mr. Xu Senyu presiding over the painting and running around during this period. In order to protect the collection of rare books and the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book", in order to expand the site of the library, in order to cope with the turmoil of the "National Beijing Normal Library" and many library work, Xu Senyu overcame many difficulties, devoted himself to his work, and scrupulously fulfilled his duties. Based on the records in the manuscript of Yu Zezhen's diary and with reference to the existing relevant documents and historical materials, in order to prove the authenticity, objectivity and reliability of the diary records, we can see Mr. Xu Senyu's contribution to the cause of the Beijing Library.
Keywords: Xu Senyu Jingshi Library Yu Zezhen Diary
Yu Zezhen's diary
The literature value of the newly discovered Zhang Pengchun diary examines Zhang Shiyang
Abstract: The newly discovered diary of Zhang Pengchun details the life of Zhang Pengchun in tsinghua schools (universities) and Nankai universities from 1924 to 1932, which is a true reflection of the author's several political changes, literary trends, and ideological debates after the "May Fourth". The diary not only involves Zhang Pengchun's close contacts with Zhang Boling, Liang Qichao, Xu Zhimo, Hu Shi, Wu Mi, Mei Lanfang and others, but also contains detailed records of Zhang's participation in drama rehearsals and engaged in opera research, which is a new evidence to examine the history of the development of early Chinese drama and Zhang Pengchun's own dramatic thought. At the same time, Zhang Shi presided over the reform of Tsinghua School and the establishment of Tsinghua National College, and left many records in his diary. Zhang Pengchun's diary is rich in matters and highly readable, and has important documentary value for the study of cultural history, education history and social history during the Republic of China.
Keywords: Zhang Pengchun Diary Drama Tsinghua School (University) Nankai New Theater Troupe
The Ili general Chang Geng's six unpublished letters about the Altai Mountains were published
Abstract: During the Tongzhi and Guangxu dynasties, the competition for power in the Altai Mountains between Kobdo and Xinjiang became increasingly fierce, and officials in the two places were constantly in disagreement over this. The Department of History of Peking University contains the letter of the Ili general Chang Geng on the Altai Mountains, which was written by Chang Geng to Rao Yingqi, then the governor of Xinjiang, Rui Xun, the counselor of Kobudo, the staff member He Jiadong, the Prince of Li Shiduo, and the counselor of Tacheng, Er lehun, between the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu (1902) and the third year of Xuan reunification (1911). The contents of the letter mainly record the process of Chang Gung's investigation of the Altai Mountains, mediating many contradictions, planning and planning, and controlling the overall situation. The personnel involved in the Six Correspondence Codes systematically reflect the process of resolving the Altai Mountains land loan case, which can be read and verified with published documents, and provide new historical materials for the study of frontier governance.
Keywords: Chang Gung Altai Mountains Xinjiang Kobdo Xinzha
On the occasion of the Xinhai Dynasty, Cao Yuanzhong sent a letter to Zhang Xigong to write a letter to the east
Abstract: Cao Yuanzhong and Zhang Xigong were both famous relict scholars at the turn of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and they were committed to being loyal to the Qing Dynasty. On the occasion of Xinhai's son, Cao Youzhi sent a letter to Zhang Shuzha, showing the different mental journeys of the two in the Yi Dynasty, Zhang decided to go into hiding, and Cao Chuzhi and Qing Mu coexisted and died, but in the end they also disappeared with Zhang Tongyin. The letter also talked about the deeds of Miao Tsuen-sun, Chen Baochen, Lao Naixuan, Gu Linshi, Yu Shimei and others, as well as the books and works of Cao, Zhang and others. Combined with the relevant historical materials, the content of this letter is interpreted, and the anecdotes of the Qing relic scholars during the Ding Revolution can be used to provide a glimpse of the thoughts and exchanges of the Qing relic scholars, and also supplement the research of modern academic history and document history.
Keywords: Cao Yuanzhong Zhang Xigong Xinhai Yidai remnants
The relevant historical events of the "Double Line Elite School Annotation Wang Shui Collection"
——From Zhao Wanli and Wang Xiantang Toshi Xiang
Abstract: The 30-year-old Bao Tingbo engravings of The Qianlong Dynasty in the Shandong Provincial Library, "Water Clouds Collection" and "Hushan Manuscripts", are affixed with Zhao Wanli's letter to Wang Xiantang, and Wang Xiantang's inscription, all of which have not been disclosed. These two historical sources reveal the academic exchanges between the two as a result of the proofreading of "Water Gathering". Zhao Wanli recorded the school language of Wang Guowei and Zhao Wanli's joint school book on the "Water Clouds Collection" and "Hushan Manuscript" sent by Wang Xiantang. The Combined School Edition of Wang Guowei and Zhao Wanli contains a number of proofreading sources: Wang Naizhao's text from Wang Naizhao's school in relation to Bao's engraving, Huang Pilie's school characters written by Huang Pilie on the recorded Wang Naizhao's book, an ano text compiled from the Yongle Canon, and Zhao Wanli's different texts based on the Shiyuan and Yongle Canons. Wang Naizhao's ben was once collected by Huang Pilie, and Huang's understanding of this book has also changed successively. Because wang nai zhaoben was not seen, and because the titles of the book were different among the various families, Wang Xiantang once misinterpreted "Huang PiLie's Wang Nai Zhaoben" as another book of the Huang clan's Wang Ben as a reference to the school, and mistakenly believed that Wang Nai Zhaoben was the base of his proofreading of the "Wang Shui Yunji", the Huang Pi Lie's old Tibetan king Xiao Yong Ben flowing from Haiyuan Pavilion. After Wang Xiaoyong was admitted to the Shandong Provincial Library, it is now in the Shandong Provincial Museum due to the War of Resistance.
Keywords: Zhao Wanli Wang Xiantang 《Double Line Jingshe Proofreading Wang Shui Gathering》
Wang Xiantang inscription
During Wang Chongmin's travels in France, he sent a letter to Gu Jiegang to explain Zhao Dawang
Abstract: Two letters to Gu Jiegang during Wang Chongmin's visit to France talk about the writing of the Dunhuang "Book of Shang" in the collection of the National Library of France, and the letter reflects the arduous process of Gu Jiegang and others searching for the Dunhuang "Book of Shang" to write the volume, and also reflects the contribution of Wang Chongmin and others to the early Dunhuang studies in China. Despite the limitations of domestic objective conditions, the list of volumes of the Book of Shang that Gu Jiegang and others requested photography still reflects that they have a relatively comprehensive grasp of the volumes of the "Book of Shang" in The Dunhuang Edition of Fazang, which is enough to stand in the forefront of the world.
Keywords: Wang Chongmin Gu Jiegang Gu Tinglong Dunhuang documents "Shang Shu" written volume
Xinjian Wang Chongmin's Interpretation of Bo Xi and the Seven Links of The Letter - Focusing on Wang Chongmin's Collation of the Fazang Dunhuang Testament Liu Rui
Abstract: The Collection of the Museum of Gemée in Paris holds a letter from Wang Chongmin to Bo Xihe in the archives, the content mainly involves the collation and cataloguing of the Dunhuang testament in the National Library of France, which has not yet been disclosed. Through the interpretation of the reading letters, we can further understand the specific details of Wang Chongmin's compilation of the Dunhuang Catalogue of the Fazang, as well as the discussions conducted by Wang and Bo Er on the collation and cataloguing of the Dunhuang Testament. In addition, this is also an important historical material for Sino-French academic exchanges in the first half of the 20th century.
Keywords: Wang Chongmin Bo Xi and Xinzha Dunhuang Testament
The discovery and research of The Manuscript of Gu Zuyu's "Minutes of Reading the History of Public Opinion"
——Centered on the correspondence between Ye Jingkui and Gu Tinglong in the Shanghai Library, Ding Xiaoming, Liu Hecheng
Abstract: The discovery and research process of Gu Zuyu's manuscript of "Reading the Minutes of The History of Fang Public Opinion" can be called a classic case of writing a document in modern Chinese academic history, especially the academic discussion on this between Ye Jingkui, Gu Tinglong, Qian Mu and other scholars has a wide impact. The correspondence between Ye Jingkui and Gu Tinglong, which is now in the Shanghai Library, is the core document for restoring the great process of discovery and research of the manuscript of "Reading the Minutes of The History of Fang Public Opinion". This case study also helps to explore the practical utility of the two dimensions of handwriting comparison and content proofreading in manuscript appraisal.
Keywords: Ye Jingkui, Gu Tinglong, Gu Zuyu, manuscript of "Reading the Minutes of Historical Opinion"
Gu Jiegang sent a letter to Shen Wenzhuo to examine the theory
——Lou Pei, who is also the academic karma of the two gentlemen centered on etiquette
Abstract: Gu Jiegang's letter to Shen Wenzuo on April 3, 1975, involving an academic cause in the study of modern etiquette and scripture. Combined with diaries, letters and other documents, it can be seen that Gu Jiegang and Shen Wenkuo were engaged in 1940s, and they were also teachers and friends, and were recommended by many parties. Shen Wenkuo has made great achievements in the study of etiquette, which can be called a masterpiece, and has become "the first person to rule the ritual scriptures in this world", and has always had the care and encouragement of Gu Jiegang, especially in the difficult years. Gu's cherishing talents and lofty ambitions, and Shen's indifferent ambitions and dedicated scholarship show the true style and spirit of Chinese academia in the twentieth century.
Keywords: Gu Jiegang Shen Wenkuo Etiquette Classics
Gu Jiegang sent a letter to Shen Wenzhuo
Special introduction
Ma Zhongwen, Institute of Modern History, Chinese Academy of History
Diaries and letters are relatively special private documents, which are both first-hand materials, primitive and highly private. Many scholars have a lot of preference for diaries and letters, and like to conduct academic research on them, the reason is because these documents not only provide materials and historical information, but also spiritual communication and emotional factors, in the final analysis, they are a kind of warm literature, easy to evoke people (including authors and readers) of closeness and resonance. Articles that cite diaries and letters are often rich in plot and can quickly bring readers into historical scenes.
Of course, the dimensions of research and writing using diaries and letters will be different. It can be used as one of a variety of documents for general historical research; it can also be used for general historical research; it can also be used to regurgitate a certain fragment and link in history through the investigation and analysis of specific diaries and letters, revealing certain insiders, clarifying certain hidden feelings, and promoting research progress. The latter seems to be more characteristic of bibliographic research.
The 12 articles selected in this special issue of Literature are all research with diaries and letters as the core materials, revealing the different aspects of politics, society and scholarship since the end of the Qing Dynasty, including exquisite arguments and meticulous examinations, which are helpful for promoting academic progress.
Cao Yuanzhong's Collected Works
The Xinhai Revolution in 1911 changed the direction of China's social development and also changed the life path of the traditional scholar group. Xiangdong interpreted a letter from Cao Yuanzhong, the widow of the People's First Dynasty, to his colleague Zhang Xigong, and restored the mental journey of the old scholar on the occasion of the Xinhai Renzi.
Unlike Zhang Xigong's interest in "deciding to return to hiding" after the abdication of the Qing Emperor, Cao Yuanzhong had the mentality of "coexisting and dying with the Qing dynasty" to express his loyalty; but forced by the situation, he eventually, like Zhang Xigong, gradually drifted away from politics and embarked on the path of returning to the study of hermitage. The discussion in the letter on reading, collecting books, and governing studies, as well as the reflections on the deeds of Miao Quansun, Chen Baochen, Lao Naixuan, Gu Linshi, Yu Shiming, and others, can glimpse the real situation of ideological exchanges and life exchanges between scholars left behind in the Qing Dynasty, and have certain benefits in the study of modern academic history and document history.
The article cites Wang Xinfu Xuelizhai's collection of "Notes on the Scripture Room Wencun" (now in the Fudan University Library) and Zhang Xigong's "Diary of Ru Dixuan", as well as "Diary of the Old Man of Yifeng", "Lao Naixuan's Self-determined Chronology", "Cangqu Lou Poetry Collection", "Poetry Collection in the Notebook Room", etc., vividly presenting a little-known aspect of the old world left behind by the people.
As we all know, the discussion of learning among middle school people in traditional society, due to space limitations, can be achieved mostly through correspondence, and by the 1930s, modern scholars still inherited this convenient and cordial way of discussion.
Around 1925, the bibliophile Ye Jingkui purchased a manuscript of Gu Zuyu's "Minutes of Reading history and public opinion", and from October 1935 to August and September 1937, he began to correspond with Qian Mu, Gu Tinglong, Gu Jiegang and other scholars to carry out academic discussions around this manuscript. Although, in his 1941 three-thousand-plus-year-old "Reading the Minutes of the History of The Party and The Public Opinion Manuscript", he explained the original reasons for the exchange between the scholars, it is far better to use the original documents such as the letters and diaries of the parties today to restore the historical scene and further feel the historical situation of that year.
"Reading the Draft of the Minutes of The History of Public Opinion"
Ding Xiaoming, Liu Hecheng, taking the correspondence between Ye Jingkui and Gu Tinglong in the Shanghai Library as the core materials, analyzed the doubts, verifications and convergences of Ergu, Ye, Qian and other scholars in the process of discussing the nature of the manuscript of "Reading the Minutes of Public Opinion of the History" from the level of versionualism, and showed readers the rigorous academic attitude and humble personality charm of the academic predecessors.
The 1930s was also a prosperous period of academic and cultural exchanges between China and the West. From late September 1934 to the end of August 1939, Wang Chongmin was sent to the National Library of France as an exchange librarian at the National Library of Peking to organize the Manuscripts of Dunhuang in the French Collection. During this time, he established contacts with the French sinologist Boucher.
Liu Rui found a number of wang Chongmin's unpublished letters from the Bo Xihe archives preserved in the Jimei Museum in Paris, and through the examination of the time and content of the seven letters related to the collation of the Fazang Dunhuang testament, he further clarified the detailed process of Wang Chongmin's compilation of the Fazang Dunhuang Catalogue, as well as the discussion and exchange between Wang and Bo on the collation and cataloguing of the Dunhuang testament.
Bo Xihe once introduced Wang Chongmin to carry out various investigations and studies in the Library of London and Leiden, and showed the manuscript of the "Thousand Buddha Cave Wall Historical Materials" that he personally copied and sealed for thirty years to the Wang family, and also recommended Wang Chongmin to join the French Asian Society, which showed the appreciation and promotion of a senior scholar to the younger generations.
Wang Chongmin
Zhao Dawang made a new examination of the time and historical value of the two letters written to Gu Jiegang during Wang Chongmin's visit to France. The first letter was included in the January 1937 semi-monthly magazine "Yugong" vol. 6, No. 10, because of the influence of Wang Chongmin's wife, Ms. Liu Xiuye, it was previously believed to have been written on October 20, 1936, and after the author's examination, it was determined that it was written on November 20 of the same year; and another letter from Wang Chongmin, which was included in the appendix to the "Shang Shu Text Compilation" edited by Gu Jiegang and Gu Tinglong, originally had no time, was also examined and written on November 26, 1936.
The two letters were successively revealed that Wang Chongmin was entrusted by Gu Jiegang to investigate the details of the Dunhuang Book of Shangshu in the Collection of the National Library of France during his stay in Europe. The article also restores some details of the list of Dunhuang documents provided by Bo Xihe and Xiang Gu Jiegang in the 1930s, and the interaction between domestic scholars and the international sinology community (including Japanese scholars).
Lou Pei used a letter from Gu Jiegang to Shen Wenzuo on April 3, 1975 as a starting point to review the early interaction between the two scholars and uncover an academic cause involving the study of modern and contemporary rites and scriptures.
Combined with Gu Jiegang's diary, letters and other documents, the author points out that Gu and Shen were engaged as early as the 1940s, and Gu regarded Shen as "the first person to rule the rituals in this world". Shen Wenzuo's entry into the National Compilation Library after the victory over the Anti-Japanese War and his employment in the Shanghai Library after the founding of New China have a lot to do with Gu Jiegang's support and recommendation.
During his tenure at the Shandong Provincial Library in the 1930s, the edition bibliographer Wang Xiantang collected various books and began to collate the Song Dynasty Wang Yuanliang's "Water Clouds".
Regarding this incident, Shi Xiang revealed some details of wang xiantang's school wang collection by studying a Qingqianlong thirty-year Bao Tingbo engraving "Water Clouds Collection" and a Letter from Zhao Wanli to Wang Xiantang pasted after the book in the Shandong Provincial Library. That is, in 1933, at the invitation of Wang, Zhao Wanli recorded the school language of Wang Guowei and Zhao Wanli's joint school book in a Bao carved copy of the "Hushan Class Manuscript" and sent it to Wang Xiantang, and Wang's later schoolbook actually contained multiple versions of the text.
Wang Xiantang mistaken the base of his proofreading of the Wang Shui Yun Ji (汪水云集), the Huang Pi Lie's old Tibetan King Xiao Yong Ben (孝咏本) flowing from Haiyuan Pavilion , as Wang Nai Zhaoben , and this misunderstanding was also clarified in this study.
Zhao Wanli sent a letter to The King
The Qing Dynasty Ili general Chang Geng ran Xinjiang for more than 20 years and was an important figure in the northwest frontier of the late Qing Dynasty. Zhang Cheng used a number of unpublished letters from Chang Geng in the Library of the Department of History of Peking University to conduct a detailed study of the dispute over the governance of the Altai Mountains between the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu (1902) and the third year of Xuanun (1911), revealing the inside story and process of Chang Gung's investigation of the Altai Mountains, mediating multiple contradictions, planning for the side, and controlling the overall situation.
It was precisely under the mediation of Chang Gung and the joint request of officials from all sides that the disputed areas were divided and settled, and this decades-long dispute over rights and interests, which was very likely to endanger the security of the frontier, was put to rest. Compared with the above papers, this paper focuses on the overall utilization and research of the historical materials of the letters, and more reflects the method and significance of the letter literature for historical research.
Ili General's Mansion
Diaries are chronicled documents, narrated day by day, and although trivial, they are of no use. Searching for a few pieces of evidence from scattered records to solve a historical suspense case is the ultimate case for scholars to discover the precious value of diaries. On the other hand, diaries have the characteristics of holistic data, and through a diary, the characteristics of the life of the diarist or the positioning of the character can often be seen, and the difference between the official diary and the scholar's diary due to the different emphasis on the record is precisely this point.
Yinghe was a major minister of the Qing court during the Jiaqing and Daoguang years, and a representative of the Manchurian keju family in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. Zheng Xiaoyouwen introduces two diary manuscripts, Yinghe "Essay on Nong Shu Shu Cong" and "Diary of a Feng Envoy to Shaanxi and Gansu".
The former records the experiences of Yinghe and the Jiaqing Emperor Mulan Qiuhu and his visit to Dongling from July to September 1802, revealing a large amount of historical information such as the Qing Dynasty's patrol system, court life, the geographical conditions of the palace and the paddock, the hunting route, and the interaction between the scholars; the latter records the situation along the way that Jiaqing went to Gansu with the cabinet scholar Chu Pengling to investigate the case, passing through four provinces, twenty-two provinces, and more than seventy prefectures and county stations and shops for more than five months. It reflects the real situation of official roads and local supplies in the north in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.
Because the diary preserves a large number of self-composed poems, poems that should be made, and the works of singing and singing by friends, the author also collects manuscripts, manuscripts, and engravings of existing English and various poetry collections, conducts a comparative study of the above poems, and then examines the writing process and poetic achievements of the English and "Enfutang Poetry Notes", so that the academic value of the two diaries is fully revealed.
"Enfutang Notes Poetry Banknote Chronology"
Comparative studies of the same type of literature can also collide with sparks. Through reading the diaries of Weng Xincun and Weng Tonggong's father and son living together in Beijing from 1860 to 1862, Jia Hongtao found that there were various similarities in the writing rules, wording tone, and content arrangement of the two diaries, thus inferring that there may be mutual reading and imitation between members of the cultural family, and then believing that the privacy of the family diaries was relatively weak.
At the same time, the author found that Weng Tonggong's diary is not only more ambiguous in recording time, but also more arbitrary in content, which reminds people that it is not appropriate to look at or use a document in isolation, and its limitations can only be found in comparative reading, and the diary is no exception.
Some officials and literati kept diaries themselves with the intention of preserving documents. Yang Kai found that the manuscript of Fang Maoshi's "Anyi Diary" in the Shanghai Library, in addition to recording his actions and observations, also retained the daily correspondence with relatives, friends and friends, or the main meaning of the summary, or the original text, and as many as 346 diary records were stored in less than twelve months. Among them, some of the codexes of Li Hongzhang, Zeng Guoquan, ChangShan, Zhang Shusheng and others have never been disclosed, which is of great reference value for the study of the history of the Sino-French war.
More importantly, these letters kept in the diary are accompanied by the time, space and context of the daily activities of historical figures, making it easier for readers to understand the background and details of relevant historical facts.
Xu Senyu
Xu Senyu is a famous modern literature versionist. By reading the diary of Yu Zezhen, a staff member of the Beijing Normal Library, Sun Yurong gained a new understanding of the situation in the 1920s when Xu Senyu was in charge of the Beijing Normal Library. Although there are not many relevant texts left by Xu himself, the traces of his activities can be clearly seen in the records of the "other", which is extremely precious.
Yu Zezhen's diary records Xu Senyu's arduous efforts to work hard for the library, try to protect the collection of rare books, and coordinate to help Zhejiang Library complete the work of copying and supplementing the "Four Libraries", more objectively reproducing Xu Senyu's spirit of dedication to duty and dedication, and providing rich details and details that other historical materials cannot reach.
From the anonymous documents collected by the Nanjing Library, Zhang Shiyang found 42 volumes of the manuscript diaries of Zhang Pengchun, a member of the Crescent Moon Society and former provost of Tsinghua University, most of which were records of his life and work during his tenure at Tsinghua University (University) and Nankai University. His close contacts with his elder brothers Zhang Boling, Liang Qichao, Xu Zhimo, Hu Shi, Wu Mi, Mei Lanfang and other celebrities, as well as receiving Tagore's visit to China, rehearsing the drama "Zidra", presiding over the reform of Tsinghua School, and witnessing the establishment of the Crescent Moon Society and Tsinghua Guoguo College, have all left traces in his diary.
The excavation of Zhang's diary will have a promising role in promoting the study of the cultural history, education history and social history of the Republic of China. The author also points out that because of the constant personnel disputes, some of Zhang Pengchun's narratives are inevitably subjectively biased, and there are also rumors and untruths in the diary. Therefore, the use of diary historical materials requires researchers to maintain an objective and fair attitude and do more detailed screening and examination.
"Zhang Boling and Zhang Pengchun"
It should be admitted that the use of original documents such as diaries and books is used to study specific problems, which may clarify some difficulties, promote some research, and enrich relevant historical details, but we cannot rely too much on these scarce documents. There are different types of literature, and the nature of annals, anthologies, newspapers, and all kinds of literature is equal.
In the final analysis, there is no kind of historical material in the study that can cover the world. Although diaries and letters are excellent materials for examining historical details, they must also correspond to other types of information to corroborate each other in order to overcome their own limitations and show their unique value.
At the same time, we also need to constantly enrich our theoretical literacy, broaden our academic horizons, and master scientific research methods; only under the observation of grand and profound theoretical thinking can precious historical materials such as diaries and letters be "turned into gold" and emit a dazzling academic light. Back to Sohu, see more
Responsible Editor: