What kind of person is Yan Xishan?
The People of Shanxi may have praised it a little more, but according to history, Yan Xishan still made a big mistake.
In view of this, Chairman Mao decided to send Xiao Jinguang and Yan Xishan to negotiate, hoping to achieve the goal of the united front through hard work.
So what happened next?
Why did Chairman Mao severely rebuke Yan Xishan for being impossible?
Chairman Mao
Today's Brief History Archive will tell you about the story of Chairman Mao sending Xiao Jinguang to negotiate with Yan Xishan.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > Chairman Mao sent a secret mission to Xiao Jinguang</h1>
In November 1937, the Japanese army successfully advanced into the city of Taiyuan under a major attack.
Taiyuan has always been known as the iron wall of the north, but after being breached by the Japanese army, even the Tu Emperor Yan Xishan in Shanxi had no choice but to lead his troops to retreat.
Under the deployment of Yan Xishan, the troops first withdrew across the Yellow River, then across the high hills and hills, and finally arrived at the town of Qiulin in Yichuan, Shaanxi Province.
In March 1939, Yan Xishan, instigated by Chiang Kai-shek, began to attack the 2nd and 3rd columns of the Communist-led New Army for various reasons.
The first on the right is Yan Xishan
Later, it was even more excessive, directly and unjustifiably arresting a large number of political workers of the New Army, and secretly killing a large number of Communists and progressives.
In December of the same year, Yan Xishan's Independent 8th Brigade began to destroy the anti-Japanese regime in the southeastern Jin Dynasty, and incomplete statistics showed that more than 600 Communists were killed.
Subsequently, the political workers of the 4 regiments of the 3rd Column of the New Army were also killed, and Yan Xishan also personally created the famous "December Incident".
But this was far from over, Yan Xishan was slaughtering the Communists on one side, and Chiang Kai-shek on the other side had not stopped.
In order to cooperate with the indiscriminate killing of innocents by the Independent 8th Brigade, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the 40th Army to encircle the Eighth Route Army and the 3rd Column of the New Army in the area of Gaoping Huguan, and after some resistance, Chiang Kai-shek successfully occupied the five counties of Longdong in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia.
Chiang Kai-shek
In the face of all kinds of anti-communist behavior, Chairman Mao could not bear it and ordered the Eighth Route Army and the New Army to take military measures against Yan Xishan and Chiang Kai-shek in accordance with the instruction that "armed conflict in northwestern Jin is inevitable."
Under Chairman Mao's instructions, Yan Xishan's military anti-communism was completely crushed in 1940.
But this is not what Chairman Mao thought.
In the final analysis, Yan Xishan Chinese, and so did Chiang Kai-shek, and winning the war with them was not the ultimate goal.
To put it bluntly, we are currently in the period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and in the final analysis, the ultimate goal is to unite the front, unite all progressive forces that can be united, and crack down on stubborn forces.
Therefore, after repeated thinking, Chairman Mao finally made up his mind to make relevant arrangements for Yan Xishan.
Xiao Jinguang
In the spring of 1940, Chairman Mao summoned Xiao Jinguang to Yangjialing, and Xiao Jinguang also knew that Chairman Mao had a reason for the incident, so he rushed here without stopping.
After landing on the ground, Xiao Jinguang was just about to enter Chairman Mao's residence when he suddenly ran into Wang Ruofei, so the two of them walked in together.
After Chairman Mao opened the door, he beckoned Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei to sit down, and then Chairman Mao sent a task to Xiao Jinguang:
Go negotiate with Yan Xishan.
Chairman Mao began:
"The Central Committee has decided that the two of you will go to Qiulin to negotiate with Yan Xishan, Xiao Jinguang is an official of the imperial court, this time the chief representative, and Comrade Ruofei is an assistant."
Wang Ruofei
Xiao Jinguang heard Chairman Mao's funny joke and smiled and said:
"My chief representative is nominal, but in fact comrade Ruofei."
Indeed, compared with the negotiation matter, Wang Ruofei is more experienced than Xiao Jinguang, who is the secretary general of the CPC Central Committee and is very experienced at the negotiating table and can be called a negotiator.
Both look confident, and it seems that this negotiation is inevitable!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="120" > Yan Xishan deliberately did not see Xiao Jinguang and others</h1>
After confirming that the two were going to negotiate, Chairman Mao then took out a handwritten letter to Xiao Jinguang, and then Chairman Mao commanded:
You brought this letter to Yan Xishan, and you went to yan Xishan to make it clear that our Communist Party is sincerely cooperating in resisting Japan, so why do you want to with the same room, create friction, and do those things that make the Japanese devils happy? In the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, you Cooperated with us well, but why are you now following Chiang Kai-shek's baton and not being able to get along with us? ”
Xiao Jinguang took a group photo
A remark made Xiao Jinguang understand Chairman Mao's determination, and before leaving, Chairman Mao continued to instruct Him to remember to tell Yan Xishan to think twice.
It seems that Chairman Mao must succeed!
After getting ready, Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei were ordered to leave with Chairman Mao's letters.
After several days of hurrying, Xiao Jinguang and the two of them successfully arrived at the area around Qiulin Town, where Yan Xishan was stationed.
However, Yan Xishan did not intend to meet the two, so Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei were first arranged in a small building not far from Yan Xishan's residence.
The next day, Xiao Jinguang and the others had just gotten up to go to Yan Xishan, when they went out and bumped into a person who claimed to be Yan Xishan's aide-de-camp.
Yan Xishan
The deputy of Yan Xishan claimed that Yan Xishan was unwell and really could not go out to meet guests, so Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei forgave him, and then Yan Xishan's deputy said that he could forward it on his behalf.
However, Chairman Mao's command, Xiao Jinguang must not forget, so Xiao Jinguang bluntly refused:
"We don't have to worry about your fight, we have important matters, and we can only interview With Chief Yan Xishan."
Then Wang Ruofei also said something in his words:
"Please tell Chief Yan to take care of it, and we will wait for a day or two."
Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei's tough attitude made the adjutant touch a nose of ash and could only leave in sorrow.
Wang Ruofei's family of three
But after waiting for another day, Yan Xishan still deliberately disappeared.
On the morning of the third day, Xiao Jinguang and the two had just gotten up when they heard a noise in the courtyard, so they went out to find out.
I saw a group of reporter-like people arguing with the guards at the door, shouting:
"We want to see the representatives of the Eighth Route Army."
Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei looked at each other and quickly understood the reason, the reporters were able to get the news so quickly and come to the door, it seems that they are inseparable from Yan Xishan.
So Xiao Jinguang waved his hand and asked the soldiers to let the reporters in for an interview, and sure enough, the reporters said that they were the commander of Yan Xishan who agreed to come to interview the representatives of the Eighth Route Army.
Xiao Jinguang asked:
"What's the matter with you?"
One of the reporters replied:
"We are journalists, we want to do some interviews, please ask the two representatives to honor the surname of the daimyo?"
Xiao Jinguang suddenly said sternly:
"Since you know that we are representatives of the Eighth Route Army, you can also know our names, so why bother to ask again?"
The reporters present were all stunned by the majestic soldier in front of them, and sure enough, there was not a single one of the Eighth Route Army who was not strong, and all the reporters present thought so.
Then a reporter bluntly asked Xiao Jinguang about the Kuomintang-Communist friction incident in the Longdong area of Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia, but surprisingly, it was not known whether the reporter deliberately provoked the incident or really did not know.
This reporter went so far as to bluntly say that the friction incident was caused by the Eighth Route Army troops invading the Yanxishan defense area, and also asked Deputy Xiao Jinguang to explain the truth.
Such an embarrassing and ill-intentioned question, Xiao Jinguang did not show any embarrassment, and began to answer with a word in his words:
"The five counties of Longdong were designated as defensive areas of the Eighth Route Army by the Kuomintang conference, and were approved by Chairman Jiang; if no one attacked the city, what would be the friction in Longdong?"
Xiao Jinguang's words directly silenced all the reporters present.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="129" > Wang Ruofei's words embarrassed Yan Xishan</h1>
Xiao Jinguang's answer was not humble, obviously making the reporters present feel like a fish in the throat.
The first on the right is Wang Ruofei
After a moment of silence, the reporter asked Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei a more poignant question:
What is the explanation for the expulsion of the governors of the state and the county magistrates one after another in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region?
Faced with more acute questions, Xiao Jinguang was not in a hurry and began to ask the reporter a question:
In addition to the 23 counties in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, which of the tens of millions of cities in the Guotong District has a Communist Party county chief and mayor?
After saying this, Xiao Jinguang did not intend to stop and continued to tell the reporter that if he did not believe it, he could go and investigate the truth of the facts and investigate what the Kuomintang county magistrate had done.
As soon as the reporters heard this, they were momentarily silent, and it seems that the reporters also understood that the Kuomintang was bound to lose money.
As soon as the conversation turned, the reporters continued to ask Questions about Xiao Jinguang, hoping that Xiao Jinguang would talk about the content of the negotiations with Yan Xishan.
Seeing that Xiao Jinguang was a little tired, Wang Ruofei took the first step forward and replied:
"We can only say that we have come with the desire for sincere cooperation and the elimination of friction, sorry, we still have business, please come back."
Sure enough, it was a negotiator, and a professional diplomatic rhetoric instantly sent all the reporters away.
Xiao Jinguang looked at Wang Ruofei, and the two looked at each other and smiled, as if they were lamenting what had just happened.
After waiting day after day, Yan Xishan also understood that if he didn't come out to see anyone again, then it would be his problem with Yan Xishan.
Moreover, Wang Ruofei's words were also thrown out to the reporters, the Communist Party came with a feeling of cooperation, but Yan Xishan did not see the door behind closed doors, and when the reporters appeared in the newspaper, they would definitely criticize themselves, so Yan Xishan decided to go out of the mountains.
Yan Xishan then came to the residence of Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei, and as soon as he entered the door, he apologized in succession:
"Director Xiao, Deputy Wang, and the two of you have worked tirelessly to come here, and the old decay has been slack, please be more inclusive."
Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei also politely exchanged a few words, and then directly took out Chairman Mao's handwritten letter and handed it to Yan Xishan.
Yan Xishan took Chairman Mao's letter and read it twice from beginning to end, and his expression became more and more stiff from the natural nature at the beginning.
After reading Chairman Mao's letter, Yan Xishan already understood a lot, so he directly asked the two people what else Chairman Mao had entrusted.
Wang Ruofei also replied directly:
"It is true that Chairman Mao has always believed that since the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Mr. Yan has been very cooperative and friendly, and that the Eighth Route Army has been ordered to go to the Second Theater to resist Japan, and Mr. Yan has given us many conveniences, but in recent months, I don't know why Mr. Yan has been unusual, creating friction with our army, killing people, and breaking the anti-Japanese agreement. At present, when the enemy is opposed to foreign enemies, why should we boil beans and burn them and fry them with the same roots? ”
Wang Ruofei's words not only clearly expressed his intentions, but also mercilessly condemned Yan Xishan, and Yan Xishan understood in his heart and began to show embarrassment on his face.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="135" > Yan Xishan said he was also a Chinese</h1>
Embarrassed for a while, Yan Xishan began to mutter:
"Some things are out of misunderstanding..."
The first on the left is Xiao Jinguang
When Xiao Jinguang heard this, he was angry, not that he had any major opinions about Yan Xishan, but after all, Xiao Jinguang was a soldier, and it was normal that he would be angry when he saw people who shirked in the face of heavy responsibilities.
Then Xiao Jinguang began to reprimand Yan Xishan, and bluntly warned Yan Xishan that since he would not eat and eat the penalty wine for toasting, he would accompany him to the end.
Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei's tough attitude made Yan Xishan a little anxious, and Yan Xishan hurriedly explained:
"I am also Chinese, but I am also a soldier, and I must also obey orders."
Looking at Yan Xishan, Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei met each other, but their purpose was to unite Yan Xishan in the War of Resistance, not to condemn Yan Xishan, in the final analysis, they still could not force Yan Xishan too quickly.
So Xiao Jinguang took the initiative to give Yan Xishan a step down, and bluntly said that since he had the intention to resist Japan, we could solve the misunderstanding and not blame the past.
Yan Xishan saw that there were steps under it, and hurriedly agreed to what Xiao Jinguang said.
So Xiao Jinguang began to come up with the 16-character principle that Chairman Mao commanded before leaving:
No one offends me, I do not offend;
If anyone offends me, I will sin against them.
The first 8 characters were fine, but after the last 8 characters Yan Xishan heard it, he suddenly frowned, Xiao Jinguang saw Yan Xishan's hesitation, so he asked what was wrong?
Yan Xishan replied:
"If anyone offends me, I will offend people who seem to be too tough, and I ask the two deputies to go back and report to Mr. Mao, whether they are changed to offend me, I will defend myself, so that the press will make it better to publish it."
Xiao Jinguang and the others wrote down Yan Xishan's request and continued the rest of the negotiations.
The negotiations went very smoothly, and Yan Xishan finally gave up the practice of pleasing Japan, and finally chose to reach an agreement with the Eighth Route Army.
Of course, many people may say that Yan Xishan is just too shrewd!
After all, at this moment, Yan Xishan had been crushed by the counterattack of the Eighth Route Army, and had also lost the trust of Japan, so he could only choose to defect to the Eighth Route Army.
But the world is not black and white, our purpose is ultimately a united front, as long as we can unite, this is nothing!
When Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei returned to Chairman Mao's residence, they expressed to Chairman Mao Yan Xishan's request to change the 16-character principle.
But what I did not expect was that Chairman Mao, who has always been lenient, actually had a very tough attitude and directly demanded that not a single word could be changed.
Then Chairman Mao explained categorically that this was not only aimed at Yan Xishan, but also as a warning to all the diehards who engaged in friction, and that to deal with such people was to be tough, that is, to ensure that if anyone offended me, I would offend.
After listening to Chairman Mao's words, Xiao Jinguang and Wang Ruofei also agreed very much.
Indeed, for those unconscious reactionaries, toughness is the best means!
It is worth mentioning that Chairman Mao's 16-character principle not only succeeded in restraining Yan Xishan, but also became an important principle in the struggle against the Kuomintang diehards in the Liberated Areas.
The so-called You have Zhang Liangji, I have a wall ladder.
It seems that Chairman Mao's method of fighting in the air between the Kuomintang reactionaries has again won a complete victory for Chairman Mao!
Disclaimer: This article is the original article of the headline number Brief History Archive, and any unauthorized reprinting, plagiarism, and washing of manuscripts must be investigated!