Before reading this article, I sincerely invite you to click "Follow", which is convenient for you to discuss and share, and brings you a different sense of participation, thank you for your support.
introduction
There is a Bao Qingtian in Kaifeng, with an iron face and selfless discrimination between loyalty. Throughout Chinese history and present drama and television, Bao Zheng is the only official who has appeared so frequently in drama, television, and stage.
(Xiqu Bao Gong image)
The popularity of Bao Gong involves almost all types of drama in China, such as the classic Huangmei opera "Childhood Bao Zheng", Yu opera "Bao Qingtian", Qin cavity "Bao Gong", opera "Bao Gong Ci Dynasty", Beijing opera "Tanyin Mountain" and so on covering Bao Zheng's life, from birth to death, from the human world to the netherworld.
The color of traditional Chinese culture myths Bao Zheng as a half-human, half-immortal Chinese superman, designed to solve the difficulties and embarrassments of the people at the bottom, and is also the image of the official that the people look forward to, so it has endured.
So what is the difference between Bao Zheng in reality and Bao Qingtian in drama and TV?
First, the Bao Wenzheng of drama mythology
Bao Zheng was a famous minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, a prosperous era and stable society in his time. Therefore, he pays attention to the construction of the social environment, which is how he is more loved by the people.
(Xiqu Bao Gong image)
Therefore, at the beginning of the turbulent Yuan Dynasty, the common people put all their expectations and pins on Bao Gong, created a lot of operas, and affectionately called him Bao Wenzheng.
His images are varied in opera, but they all have one thing in common: black and white. The big black face like the silent night is a symbol of courage and deterrence. The eyebrows are like the white crescent of the blue sky and the white moon, just like the third eye of the mythical character Yang Jian, who can see through all the disguises and can also see through the netherworld.
Legend has it that Bao Gong interrupted the case in the yang during the day, and even turned into a judge at night to break the case in the netherworld. With the third eye, he can be discerning, upright, and judge cases like a god, which makes people and ghosts convinced.
The Yuan song "The Case of Chu Mei" is a typical representative of Bao Zheng's fearlessness of power, integrity and integrity, and ability to communicate yin and yang.
(TV series Bao Qingtian image)
Legend has it that there was a scholar named Chen Shimei in the Song Dynasty, because his family was poor, he relied on his wife Qin Xiang lotus pulp to wash and sew to provide for him to study hard for ten years, and finally entered Beijing to catch up with the high school exam.
When he faced the dynasty, he concealed his marriage history, and because he looked good, he was favored by Song Renzong and recruited as a horse. The Queen Mother and the princess were also quite satisfied, so they immediately held a wedding.
Pity Qin Xianglian, who was waiting in her hometown, because of a natural disaster and famine, her mother-in-law fell ill and died, and after hearing about Chen Shimei's high school, she took care of her mother-in-law's affairs, and took two children into Beijing to find Chen Shimei.
It is a pity that Chen Shimei at this time is no longer the poor little scholar of the past, he has experienced the luxurious life of a horse, and he faces the killer of his wife and children who came to him.
(Qin Xianglian stills)
He asked his men to kill Qin Xianglian's mother and son, Qin Xianglian was brutally killed, and her two sons survived with the help of the immortals. The old immortal kept Qin Xianglian's soul and accompanied his two sons.
After the disaster, Qin Xianglian's two sons also studied hard with the help of the old immortals, and finally became officials in the dynasty, but they still couldn't defeat Chen Shimei.
At this time, Qin Xianglian's soul heard about the great name of Duke Bao and directly found Bao Gong's announcement. Bao Zheng found out what happened and was angry. Ignoring the frequent pressure and obstruction of the Empress Dowager, she still firmly beheaded Chen Shimei with a dragon head and guillotine, and guillotineed the world's first scumbag, which is the most classic guillotine case.
Is that really the case in real history? Can the Queen Mother really suffer dumb losses?
(TV series Bao Qingtian image)
2. The historically true Bao Gong case
The princesses of the Song Dynasty did not know Chen Shimei, and the history books record that there is no such person among the colts of the Song Dynasty. Bao Zheng was a figure of the Song Dynasty, and his story was passed down during the Yuan Dynasty.
The official recorded in the history books related to Chen Shimei's case may have been an official named Chen Niangu in the Qing Dynasty, known as Shimei.
Chen Shimei's true image is completely different from the world's first scumbag, he is a famous Qing official in the Qing Dynasty. Although he was also born into a poor family, he also had excellent character and learning from an early age, and studied hard until he became an official of the Qing Dynasty.
Chen Shimei, who came from a poor family, could understand the life of poor people, so after he became an official, he did not blindly expand his power, but did what he should do step by step.
(Chen Shimei stills)
Chen Shimei and his wife are very affectionate, not the legendary Qin Xianglian. It's just that although they had a good life in childhood, after he became an official of the Qing Dynasty, scholars from his fellow villagers often came to fight the autumn breeze.
Chen Shimei, who has always had a poor family, did not enrich her own pockets as an official, and had no foundation, chose to break off contact with her fellow villagers who came to fight the autumn breeze. This can make fellow villagers who think highly of themselves feel insulted, such as collectively choreographing Chen Shimei.
The scholar was knowledgeable and talented, so he began to fuse the legend of Chen Shimei of the Qing Dynasty with the legend of Bao Zheng, and the Chen Shimei created again was all over the streets and alleys of the Qing Dynasty, so that the real Chen Shimei was more wronged than Dou E.
(TV series Bao Qingtian image)
Although Bao Qingtian in history has not handled the Chu Mei case, his resume is quite rich.
Bao Zheng's father is a small county, so the family also has high hopes for Bao Zheng since he was a child, hoping that he can surpass his father. I started reading hard from an early age.
He went to high school at the age of 29, but because his parents were old, he did not want to leave his hometown, so he devoted his filial piety at home for ten years until both parents died, and his reputation for filial piety instantly spread throughout the Song Dynasty.
Bao Zheng is not a serious and terrifying image in the opera that does not make friends with people. On the contrary, he had many good friends, such as the famous poets Wang Anshi and Ouyang Xiu, and the famous Sima Guang.
(Ouyang Xiu stills)
They are not only friends, but also good revolutionary partners. Ouyang Xiu once recommended Bao Zheng to be an official of Kaifeng Prefecture, and it was this year that Bao Zheng's reputation once again resounded throughout the Song Dynasty.
In the year that Bao Zheng handled the case in Kaifeng Prefecture, it was said that because there were too many cases, he would grind a seal in a month. In order to facilitate the people, he also opened the back door of the government, so that many poor people can directly litigate without going through so many procedures. The term "back door" comes from the year Bao Zheng was in Kaifeng Mansion.
Bao Zheng handled the case day and night, and in one year, Kaifeng Mansion not only cleared out all the old cases, but also let Kaifeng handle it again without a case, and the people's style was very good. After that, it was also Ouyang Xiu's people who took over the position of Bao Zheng Kaifeng Mansion, and they had a good relationship.
(TV series Bao Qingtian image)
Bao Zheng only entered the official career at the age of 39, and his resume can be copied by few people, which is very beautiful. He was promoted 27 times in 26 years in office, and at that time he was best known not for handling cases, but for doing imperial history.
He impeached no less than 30 senior officials, from the imperial family and state relatives, to the prime minister of the dynasty, and the officials in the DPRK, as long as there are those who are not in position and unreasonable, no one can escape his impeachment. Hence his playful name, known as "Bag Bomb". One of the most famous impeachment cases was the impeachment of Zhang Yaozuo, the uncle of Zhang Guifei of Song Renzong.
He impeached a person, not with personal emotions, but very fair, maybe others are impeached, the emperor knows it, but Bao Zheng is not, he wants a handling result, otherwise he will always go to the book, impeachment every day, really not afraid of power. The image of the great duke and selflessness is also deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
(Bao Zheng stills)
He is like a light in the darkness, shining into people's hearts.
Third, Bao Zheng in real life
The adult Bao Zhengbao in real life is actually completely different from the image portrayed in dramas and TV series. Through expert archaeology and the descriptions of his descendants, it was found that the real Lord Bao was actually a white and pure literati like ordinary scholars.
(TV series Bao Qingtian image)
He is a scholarly family, and he does not go outdoors in itself, and does not need to work, so he is born white and clean, which is the image of a typical intellectual official.
According to historical records, Lord Bao's black gauze hat is taller than others, and the wings are 3 inches longer than others, why is this so?
In fact, because Bao Zheng's height was shorter, he was often covered out from sight in a group of ministers, and Song Renzong was unhappy, thinking that he would not come to the upper dynasty, so he specially customized a black gauze hat for him.
Even if it is tall and long, no one is allowed to touch him. And keep a certain distance from him, Song Renzong can find him at a glance in the crowd.
(TV series Bao Qingtian image)
When the TV series "Bao Qingtian" caught fire, many people thought that he was from Kaifeng, but he was not, his birthplace was in Hefei, Anhui, now Bao Gong Ancestral Hall, Kaifeng is just where he once worked.
In the Bao Gong Ancestral Hall, Bao Zheng's life, official positions and places are clearly recorded. Although his resume is very beautiful, his official path has not been all smooth.
His path to becoming an official was taken step by step, and he was also relegated to a poor place because he was implicated in recommending the wrong person, but he maintained his original intention and was eventually recalled.
Many people think that he is very good at handling cases, but few people know that he is actually very good at financial management. Although he is an official and upright, he has quite his own set of methods for people's livelihood and the economy.
(TV series Bao Qingtian image)
During his tenure, he served as a central and local finance official on several occasions. He will first understand people's livelihood, and then make a complete plan for the social economy.
Originally, the taxes in the Northern Song Dynasty were very heavy, and the common people not only had to pay taxes, but also pay taxes to the central transportation expenses, and the people were miserable. After Bao Zheng understood the facts, he suggested to Song Renzong: thin taxes, lenient labor, and saving wasteland. It has reduced taxes by more than 12 million taels for the people and encouraged them to plant and breed.
At that time, the Northern Song Dynasty wanted to pay tribute to the Khitans, and the border was also unstable, and he also suggested that Song Renzong that long-term tribute was not ideal, and that more troops should be developed, and the land on the border should be distributed to the common people to plant and breed horses for free, which could train the militia and strengthen the country and the people.
He also helped Song Renzong revise the banknote and salt laws, tea laws, and economic measures, and adopted his suggestions one by one, making him more and more prestige in the hearts of the people and deeply loved by the people.
In reality, Bao Zheng is not childless, he has three sons, but he is the only son in the family. Therefore, although there are not many relatives in the family, they have a good relationship.
(Anhui Bao Gong Ancestral Hall)
When his uncle pretended to be a tiger and used him as a shield for profit, Bao Qingtian directly acted according to the law and severely punished his uncle.
He also established a strict family motto: future generations will be expelled from their homes as long as there are corrupt and lawless people. After death, you must not be buried in the ancestral grave, and if you do not listen to me, you are not my descendants. Therefore, many clansmen at that time called him "Iron Face Ice Heart".
When Bao Zheng was ill, Emperor Renzong of Song gave him Chaohu in Anhui as a fiefdom. Bao Zheng repeatedly refused, saying: "Chaohu Lake is too big, it is too wasteful for me, and it is best to give it to the people." And he only needed a moat in Hefei, which is the Bao River outside today's Bao Gong Ancestral Hall.
(Bao River outside the Bao Gong Ancestral Hall in Anhui)
Bao Zheng feels that the river cannot be sold and inseparable, and he can raise fish and grow lotus root for a living, and his children are not many, just right. Later, the river was renamed the Bao River, and it is said that the lotus root planted in this river is very brittle, all of them are temperate but without silk, and the people say that this is because of the justice of Lord Bao that he is "selfless".
The local people also said that this Bao River is very magical, no matter how dry the day is and how dry the land is, the water in the Bao River is flowing continuously, just like the selfless image of Bao Gong ripples in people's hearts.
The children and grandchildren of the Bao family have always remembered the teachings of Bao Gong, and many have made indelible contributions to the social and economic development since the founding of New China, which is the power of inheritance.
Dramas, films and television dramas will exaggerate and deify Bao Zheng's appearance or experience, but what has remained unchanged for a long time is the spiritual culture inherited by Bao Gong: integrity, fairness and selflessness. He will always be the light of integrity that can illuminate the heart, leading people forward like a beacon.
Resources
DONG Feng. Iron-faced ice heart "Bao Long Diagram"——"Bao Gong Ancestral Hall" swimming sense[J]. 2001.
Bao Gongben is a white-faced scholar "black-faced Bao Zheng" drama image [OL].China News Network,2016-08-31
WU Hook. What we are looking at is fake bags[J]. I wish you happiness, 2017(12):1.