<h1>One</h1>
First, let's talk about how Duke Mu (Miao) of Qin became the monarch.
Duke De of Qin gave birth to three sons, and Duke Mu of Qin was one of them. It is not clear whether Duke De only had these three sons, but it is certain that Duke Mu of Qin was the youngest of these three, and according to the inheritance system of the eldest son of the Zhou Dynasty, it was not the turn of Duke Mu of Qin.
However, from the beginning of Duke De's eldest son, XuanGong, he did not let the eldest son inherit. When Xuan Gong died, his brother became a public, and his brother Ren Haoli, that is, Qin Mugong.
According to Feng Menglong's "Chronicle of the States of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty", Ren Hao was the son of Heavenly Chosen, and he was so capable that for the future of the Qin State, he wanted to make him a monarch, so the sons of Duke De, starting from the eldest son, reached a tacit understanding between brother and brother.
So why not let Duke Mu of Qin succeed to the throne at the beginning? Feng Menglong said again, this is not in accordance with the law of etiquette, Mu Gong does not accept. The novelist's words, the aunt listens to them.
<h1>Two</h1>
During the reign of Qin Mugong, after several generations of pioneering, the Qin state had expanded eastward to the west bank of the Yellow River, and even used the opportunity of King Qin to extend its tentacles to the Central Plains - the Battle of Qinjin heyang.
After Duke Mu of Qin succeeded to the throne, he naturally would not stop the pace of his eastward advance. Therefore, in the first year of the Qin Dynasty, he personally led an army to attack the Rong people here in Maojin (present-day Pinglu County, Yuncheng, Shanxi).
This Rong person may not be Xi Rong or Inu Rong. At that time, even at the time of the victory of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the mountains and wilderness outside the core city were still full of various barbarian tribal gathering areas that had not been baptized by the Zhou civilization, and Mao Rong was one of them.
However, Mao Rong's position was more sensitive, it belonged to jin's sphere of influence, and Qin Mugong basically interfered in Jin's internal affairs. This can be understood as a strategic temptation.
But what is more interesting is that in the fourth year of Qin Mugong, he married Boji, the daughter of Duke Xian of Jin, the sister of Prince Shensheng. Shen Sheng was the unfortunate prince who was forced to commit suicide because of the favor of Li Ji, the Duke of Jin, and the brother of Gongzi Yiwu (later Duke Hui of Jin) and Zhong'er (later Duke Wen of Jin).
There is an idiom that described political marriage and was later used to describe the marriage of ordinary men and women called "The Good of Qin and Jin", which refers to the events of this period. However, Qin Mugong's marriage to Boji was only the beginning.
At the same time, it also means that Qin Mugong did not blindly attack from the east, but first found a reliable ally in Hedong, Shandong. At that time, the Duke of Qi Huan was the overlord and far away from the Qin state, and the Jin state, which was chaotic in internal affairs due to the struggle of the sons, was a more ideal object.
Later, Qin Mugong first supported Yiwu to become a Jin jun, and later supported Zhong'er to become a Jin jun. However, Qin Mugong's offshore checks and balances strategy played really well, basically all his life, and did not gain benefits in the East controlled by Qi and Jin.
By the way, Qin Jinzhi's good has a sequel. After Yiwu became the monarch, he sent his son to the Qin state as a hostage. In order to win over gongzi Yuan, Duke Mu of Qin married his daughter Huaiwei to him.
Later, after Yiwu's death, Gongzi Yuan, anxious to succeed to the throne, fled back to the Jin state privately, angering Duke Mu of Qin. Just at this time, Yuan's uncle Gongzi Zhong'er also went into exile in the Qin state, so Qin Mugong married Huai'er to Zhong'er again, and helped Zhong'er return to China to seize the throne of Jin from his nephew.
<h1>Three</h1>
When Duke Mu of Qin married Boji, there was a slave in the dowry, named Baili Xi, who was captured from the State of Yu when Duke Xian of Jin destroyed Yu and Yu. To interject, here is an idiom, everyone knows, the false way to destroy the Yu, Yu is the small country that lent the Way to the Kingdom of Yu.
Bai Lixi was not young at that time, but his brain was good. He actually escaped from the dowry line and fled to Wan, only to be caught by the Chu people.
Qin Mugong felt like playing the Three Kingdoms Zhi self-built forces, you spent a lot of effort to entangle Zhuge Liang, and the result triggered the plot of the Three Gu Maolu, and the minister followed the big ear thief.
However, Qin Mugong's mind was also moving quickly, and he told the Chu people that Baili Xi was my slave, and I ransomed him with five sheepskins, and the Chu people were greedy and cheap and agreed. This story tells us that if you really want something, don't let the whole world know: Hey, magician (note: basketball star, current Lakers president), say you!
As a result, Qin Mugong got a great talent, and Baili Xi was also called the Five Doctors, which was how he came. In addition, Bai Lixi also bought one and got one free, and he recommended his good friend Uncle Jian to Qin Mugong.
The relationship between Bai Lixi and Uncle Jian is similar to that of Bao Shuya and Guan Zhong. However, Bao Shuya helped Guan Zhong when he was poor and lowly, and promoted him when he was developed, and Guan Zhong could really say a sentence later: "The parents of those who gave birth to me, and Bao Shuya who became me." Bai Lixi, on the other hand, received help and guidance from Uncle Jian when he was poor, and after he was reused, he recommended Uncle Jian to Qin Mugong.
After gaining the two great talents of Baili Xi and Uncle Jian, the national strength of the Qin state became stronger and stronger, and from the last year of the Jin Dynasty to the period of the Jin HuaiGong (i.e., gongzi Yuan), the game between the Qin state and the Jin state included these:
- In the autumn of the fifth year of The Duke of Qin, he personally led an army to fight against the Jin State and fought a great battle at Hequ.
- In the ninth year of the reign of Duke Mu of Qin, Gongzi Yiwu requested to enter the Jin Dynasty to succeed to the throne, and Duke Mu of Qin sent Baili Xi to lead troops to escort Yiwu back to the country to succeed to the throne, on the condition that Yiwu would cede the eight cities of Hexi after Yiwu took the throne.
- In the fifteenth year of the Duke of Qin, Duke Hui of Jin took advantage of the famine in the State of Qin and led an army to attack the State of Qin, and the two sides fought in the Great War of Hanwon, in which the State of Jin won first and then lost, and the Duke hui of Jin was captured. Under the intercession of Boji and the Zhou royal family, Duke Mu of Qin promised to release Yiwu to return to China, on the condition that Duke Hui of Jin cede the land in Hexi and send Gongzi Yuan as a hostage.
- In the 20th year of The Duke of Qin Mugong, he sent troops to attack two small states on the west bank of the Yellow River that had long been under the protection of Jin, the State of Liang and the State of Rui.
At this point, Qin Mugong's eastward strategy was proceeding in an orderly manner, basically the west of the Yellow River was the territory of the Qin state - this is very important, this is the first time that the Qin state completely controlled the land of Hexi, in the following hundred years, Qin and Jin have been around The Game of Hexi, and the Qin State will lose this land.
<h1>Four</h1>
In the spring of the twenty-fourth year of the Duke of Qin, with the help of the State of Qin, Zhong'er returned to the State of Jin as the monarch, which was the famous Duke Wen of Jin. This was a symbolic event, the eastward advance of the Qin state had come to an end, and Qin Mugong had fostered a formidable opponent for himself.
After the death of Duke Huan of Qi, the sons fought for each other, and there was great chaos in the country, and the body of Duke Huan of Qi was shelved for more than a month, and it was all stinky, and it was only when the situation was barely stabilized and buried. The State of Qi was also seriously injured by this, and the Jin State, whose political situation tended to be stable, became a new hegemon under the leadership of Jin Wengong, and this hegemony was nearly a hundred years.
In the face of the powerful Jin State, Qin Mugong could only play auxiliary. In the thirtieth year of the Duke of Qin, the State of Qin followed the State of Jin in besieging the State of Zheng. If you remember the high school text "Candle Martial Says Qin", this matter can be briefly said, the result is that the Qin State withdrew its troops without greeting, and the Jin State also withdrew its troops later.
Then in the thirty-second year of the Duke of Qin Mu, Duke Wen of Jin died. Zheng Guo made a traitorous spy and told the Qin people, if you send troops to attack Zheng Guo now, we will do the internal response, we will definitely be able to take it in one fell swoop.
Qin Mugong, who had been assisting Duke Wen of Jin for eight years, felt that this was an opportunity to rise up, so he ignored the persuasion of Bai Lixi and Uncle Jian and sent Meng Mingshi, Xi Qishu, and Bai Yibing to lead troops to attack Zheng. It is worth mentioning that Meng Mingshi is the son of BaiLixi, and Xi Qishu and Bai Yibing are the sons of Uncle Jian.
As a result, the Qin army encountered Zheng Guo's patriotic merchant Xiang Gao on the road. Xiang Gao sent twelve cows to the Qin army with great fanfare and told them: Our monarch knows that you are going to attack me, and sent me to treat the expeditionary soldiers.
Meng Mingshi, Xi Qishu and Bai Yibing were dumbfounded, daring to have no internal response, and people were strictly guarding their combat readiness, how could this battle be fought! So he returned to the army and killed the slip by the way.
This can poke the honeycomb, and the slippery is the edge of the Jin kingdom! At that time, The Duke Wen of Jin had not yet been buried, which was a funeral, and it was extremely immoral to follow the weekly ritual.
Therefore, Duke Xiang of Jin was furious, so he wore mourning clothes and swore an oath to fight, ambushing the returning Qin army at Yushan Mountain (殽山, in present-day Wangling Village, Luoning County, Shangluoyang City, Henan), and no one escaped, and Meng Mingshi, Xi Qishu, and Bai Yibing were all captured. In the end, it was The Duke of Jinwen's wife Qin Huaiyin who interceded before she put the three main generals back.
Shortly after the Battle of Sheshan, Qin Mugong once again sent three generals to fight, and fought another battle here at Peng Ya, but did not take advantage.
It was not until the thirty-sixth year of The Duke of Qin Mugong, after a period of recuperation in the State of Qin, that it once again sent a large army to attack the State of Jin. This time, the Dongdu River laid down the two places of Wang Guan and Jiao on the Fenhe Plain, and the Jin people were all shrunk in the city and did not dare to fight. Then he crossed the river from Maojin south to Yishan Mountain, where the bones of the Qin generals were collected.
Old Qin people, if you have a vendetta, you will repay it!
At this point, this six-year-spanned Qin-Jin war came to an end. The enlightenment for the Qin state in this vicious battle is probably that to approach the east where civilization and combat strength are more advanced, it will be an inch of rivers and mountains and an inch of blood, and the cost will be too great.
Therefore, Qin Mugong turned to the west, and he obtained Yu Yu, who was familiar with the terrain and people of Rongdi, and with the help of Yu Yu, he opened up to the west, benefiting the twelve kingdoms and opening up thousands of miles.
What an amazing rear! Later history proved that it was not a bad thing to encounter obstacles in the eastward expansion, and the strategic depth of opening up to the west was the key to the later rise of the Qin state.