The continuous fermentation of salmon public opinion makes people feel the power of network communication, which affects the direction of the topic, affects the formal media to follow the trend, and also affects the public venting that does not know the truth. The author was also persuaded to come forward and follow the trend and say something he knew.
One of the focal points of this public opinion
What exactly is salmon? How is it defined?
True and false experts say a lot, here will not be repeated, as engaged in the aquatic industry for more than 30 years of scientific and technological workers, have to say a few fair words. Let's look at the following statement first:
After reading this paragraph, I believe everyone understands that this document in 1957 is certainly not the earliest, and the definition of salmon will appear even earlier. One thing is certain: salmon must not refer to Atlantic salmon, because at that time there was no Atlantic salmon in China, Atlantic salmon first began to be farmed in the 1980s, and entered the Chinese market after 1996. Some media hype the origin of salmon (from Hong Kong and Macao in the 90s of the last century), media reports that rainbow trout use the name of salmon to confuse the public, belongs to the number of forgotten ancestors, see this, everyone should be clear, those accusations are not valid.
What is the definition of salmon,
There is no doubt that it refers to the general term for certain fish species in the salmon family.
Are rainbow trout included? Answer: It should be.
Because the name of the rainbow trout at that time was Called Mackey Hookfish, there were historical records in 1792, when the Far East belonged to my Qing Dynasty, there were many salmonids, naturally some people to study, it was classified as salmon to explore together.
There are also experts who say something narrow and broad, which is even more nonsense. Categories divided by category are all broad. For example: tuna has bluefin, big eye, yellow fin, albacore tuna, etc., even sailfish, swordfish are called platinum gun, the United States imported tuna canned tuna is mostly bonito (and divided into a variety) as raw materials, these fish from a few yuan per kilogram to hundreds of yuan range; cod is more, there are narrow cod, real cod, green cod, haddock, etc.; squid has a Pacific fold squid, real squid, Argentine squid, Northern Pacific squid, etc.; people often eat prawns such as South American white prawns, oriental prawns, grass shrimp, car shrimp, etc., salmon is also a big family, This time there are Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, and a lot of wild salmon (silver salmon, king salmon, red salmon, autumn salmon, white salmon).
The government did not take a stand on the debate over the definition of the salmon term, but did not show that it did not hold an attitude, here is a look at the relevant information of the authoritative official body (FAO):
The picture shows that there are four main species of salmon farmed, Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, silver salmon and a little bit of king salmon, all of which are listed as farmed salmon.
Can netizens change the title of the world's largest official institution? Impossible. Let's take a look at the documents of our official institutions:
People engaged in export can see at a glance that the filing certificate issued by the inspection and quarantine department and the export inspection and quarantine certificate are also called, and the institution was originally owned by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the State, and now it belongs to the General Administration of Customs.
Look at the following news, rainbow trout has long been called salmon,
In 1999, Premier Zhu Rongji inspected Yunnan and inspected a rainbow trout breeding base, and after listening to the report, the premier encouraged "the development of salmon farming, the formation of a scale can replace imported salmon." At the same time, do a good job in salmon processing, and everyone will eat your salmon." The young people who reported at that time were actually the first entrepreneurs to introduce modern ideas to farm salmon, they visited Denmark and Norway in Europe, saw that their farming techniques were very inspired, and decided to try it in China. The largest individual salmon seen by Premier Zhu at the scene is about 4 kilograms, indicating that it has been farming for several years, and it is confirmed that the salmon farming was started in 1994, and even at this time node, no salmon was imported. It seems that the definition of salmon is not disputed, it is the Atlantic salmon on the name of our salmon, rainbow trout called salmon has long belonged to our own name.
The second focus of this public opinion
Parasitic problems
After reading a lot of content, I feel that the most authoritative one comes from the Institute of Aquatic Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences " Do Eating Fish Infect Parasites?" article. After reading it, the feeling is that consumers eat raw salmon, which is too worried, and may also be induced by public opinion.
Salmon are parasites and there are risks associated with raw food. But I haven't heard of it, there is a risk to give up, because raw salmon, afraid of infection with parasites, give up the world's delicacies, then you don't drive, don't go out, that risk is greater. The risk probability of raw salmon infection with parasites is extremely low, and this expert is right, first, the production process is strictly controlled, the production uses extruded feed that has been sterilized by high temperature, and the production process isolates the source of infection and transmission route. Second, there are random inspections by market supervision departments, whether there are parasites listening to the government's test results, and then deciding for themselves whether to consume. The government has warned that eating crayfish is at risk of muscle-coated disease and many cases have been hospitalized, but crayfish are still very popular because consumers are too enthusiastic. Third, we believe that practice is the criterion for testing the truth of anything, that is, no case of parasitic disease has been caused by raw salmon so far. In recent years, the real situation is that enterprises have paid more and more attention to the quality and safety of products, the government's supervision has become more and more intense, consumers' vigilance has become higher and higher, and excessive concerns will affect normal life.
Some people say: freshwater salmon can not be eaten raw, belongs to the nonsense type, whether it can be eaten raw depends on the health status of food, the national mandatory standard GB-10136-2015 in the provisions of raw food aquatic products are not freshwater, seawater. Let's take a look at which of the most expensive salmon sold domestically is freshwater, king salmon farmed from Freshwater Lakes in New Zealand. There are also people who have pulled salmon to melamine, which belongs to the type that is not chaotic in the world, and the nutritional content of rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon is very close.
From the understanding of the situation, the risk of the link is the circulation, wholesale market, cut fish pads and knives are the key control points to ensure health, because direct raw food and raw materials that need to be cooked can not use the same utensils, is a channel for microbial cross-infection, from this point of view, it may also be necessary to introduce standards to guide the market and operators to standardize operations.
The third focus of this public opinion
Group standards
After consulting relevant information, it was found that this Chinese character association that introduced standards is really a national first-class association, leading the formulation of the international "Turbot Flounder" standard, the national industry standard "Frozen Shrimp" standard, participating in the formulation of various standards, and formulating group standards should not be a problem. On the national standard platform, there are several aquatic industry associations on the record, but this association is the only one that has issued a number of group standards.
Some people wonder if some companies will use standards as an umbrella. The first thing to ask is, is there a good standard, or is there no good? No, is the product mixed, there is, it requires the relevant enterprises to produce according to the standard, the group standard is the recommended standard, the enterprise voluntarily collects the standard, and the higher requirements for the standard enterprise are put forward, which itself is to protect the interests of consumers, which is the performance of industrial progress.
Some people say that the New York Times also came to see the hilarity, ridiculed the deer as a horse, and responded to the old saying that "good things don't go out, bad things spread thousands of miles". Is this really the case? People who don't understand just want to take the opportunity to slander you and hack you. Is Chinese know more English? Or do Americans know more about Chinese? The English of the New York Times is understood by even Chinese elementary school students, and you ask him what Is San WenYu? They don't know, the British smart asked and re-evaluated, after the New York Times published an article," Undercurrent News gave a clarification, explaining the standards of China's world-renowned aquatic industry association, and foreign media were mistaken. Titled "Trout labeled as salmon furor down to public, media confusion" states that Europe is also a general term for salmon as a category.
What do you think of group standards? This is a major reform of China's standard system and standardized management system. The prospect is promising, just imagine if the many enterprises that produce mobile phones, how good it should be to align the charging sockets, can be universal, can be charged wherever they go, and whoever can borrow them, reducing waste and facilitating everyone. Group standards are standards that large enterprises take the lead in formulating good standards for use in the industry. Looking at this salmon standard, it is also very good, clarifying the health indicators of raw salmon, standardizing the market name, and making it clear that the salmon sold on the market is marked as salmon (rainbow trout) and salmon (Atlantic salmon). Let the public understand consumption, free choice, which bite to eat.
Should the "Raw Salmon" group label define salmon, personal views can be defined, the key question is whether the scientific basis for the definition is sufficient? The scientific name of the rainbow trout has been changed three times before and after by Europeans and Americans. Because the standard does not define how the scope is written, the setting of indicators is specific to specific goals. For so many years, the author has witnessed that the aquaculture enterprises in the northwest and southwest regions are salmon production enterprises registered in industry and commerce, and there are salmon-themed restaurants everywhere, there should be a standard to regulate, and the introduction of raw food standards is also reasonable. There was a wave of salmon public opinion in May, and this standard seems to be targeted, eliminating the confusion of unclear truths, while regulating the industry, killing two birds with one stone.
On the issue of common names, some people talk a lot about how the US FDA stipulates it, and there are screenshots. That shows that the American colloquialism is also to call rainbow trout salmon, but the United States requires that cross-state transactions need to be marked with species names, and the FDA also requires Atlantic salmon not only to label salmon, but to label the species name (Atlantic salmon), and the standard requirements of this association are the same as those of the international. Whether or not a common name can be used in China must be agreed upon by the State Administration of Market Regulation. Some problems are more serious: for example, the Barça fish market is called dragon fish, the real dragon fish is tongue fish, the relationship between these two kinds of fish can not be related to a dime, and the circulation in the market, fake dragon li occupies an advantage, this common name can be banned. The common name salmon is acceptable, rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon are the same family after all, the nutritional content is close, the flesh color is similar, and the meat quality is good. Some common names are not appropriate, like silver cod, the market name is Antarctic canine toothfish, the common name is Patagonal perch, everyone finally understands, the real face is perch, not cod. But people are very fond of the silver cod, and you call it a perch, which will make many consumers more confused.
Speaking of the Shanghai Municipal Consumer Rights and Interests Protection Commission, which organized the "Salmon Definition Dispute Open Seminar" in Shanghai on August 21, it had great expectations to learn from it, after all, the metropolis was the first time to encounter a hearing because of a fish dispute. Most of the representatives of the media, the organizers and group standard setters have experts present, first announced the results of the consumer online survey, this result for such a professional problem, consumers with their feet to vote can be imagined, if consumers can figure out, but also those ocean university higher education to do. Next, the expert professor spoke, not knowing that a processing expert talked about fish diseases and classification knowledge, a half-understood nonsense, not much to say. The meeting also discussed the standard, I believe that the introduction of this standard, first to see whether it is in line with the national "Standards Law", authoritative or not? Depends on the adoption of the standard by enterprises. In the later discussion, the bias and guidance of the organizer are obvious, and I did not listen to it, so I did something else. When I woke up the next day, I was retweeted with a lot of negative news, and the vanguard of that negative news surged to attract attention and win traffic, and there was nothing new in the content, it was an attack.
Think about it, this move in Shanghai is all retreat, it is a move that fuels the waves, it is not as pragmatic as the salmon storm in May last time, Guangdong's approach is that you say that salmon is fake, no one has defined it and ignored it, you say that there are parasites, then from the two links of origin and market sampling, sampling more than 260 samples at home and abroad, no parasites were found, and the regulatory authorities were relieved.
A serious problem should arouse the great attention of management, the Internet and new media should not become an important platform for some people with ulterior motives to publish fake negative news, and it is easy to confuse the public for ordinary people, especially when it comes to people's livelihood topics.
This public opinion, the media entertained the industrial problem, is the emergence of the problem, fortunately it happened on a fish. The development of the industry involves consumers, which is a problem at the national level and a problem of national industrial discourse. Some institutions and individuals lack the minimum political sensitivity, and the President of the United States has openly declared that his interests are first, and our industry cannot even talk about basic protection.
Salmon public opinion has happened many times, the big one has 3 times, the first time is "go to Yunnan, don't eat the salmon there", the second time is "Longyang Gorge salmon is fake, there are parasites", this time is the largest one, several times the public opinion is in the same vein, that is, to denigrate and attack the salmon industry that has just started, this wave of public opinion can not be effectively calmed, there will be a fourth, fifth, or even more.
The formulation of this standard should be affirmed, the current raw salmon products in the import country and the domestic circulation link there is no unified standard to constrain and regulate, so that the salmon market has irregularities, the standard is conducive to market norms, through the standard definition of the name and the provision of label labeling, is conducive to protecting the rights and interests of consumers. The standard is to encourage enterprises to produce in accordance with the standard on the basis of self-discipline, to improve quality as the core, to quality and safety as the guarantee, to establish a corporate brand. The industry calls on the media to spread positive energy.
I didn't want to get involved in this disturbing and noisy network dispute, some information has been sleeping for many years, but also to turn out to be consulted, I am close to retirement, I don't know if I am right, I can only throw out the little thing I know to discuss, but also with the net name "Fishing for my constellation" appears, because there are more uncivilized netizens on the Internet, and some dirty words do not know what it means.