<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > hopes, blessings, and wishes</h1>
I believe you have used the English phrase "Wish you a Happy Birthday" many times to bless friends and family. But you probably didn't expect that this sentence is actually wrong! When students are pointed out that there is a problem with this sentence, they usually ask in surprise, "What is wrong?" Why wrong? At the end, he will sigh "Why didn't anyone talk to us earlier?" ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > you don't really want to command people</h1>
The average learner should notice early on that the subject is often omitted from English sentences. However, is it possible to omit any english subject? Let's take some examples of "Wish" as a predicate verb, compare the correct and incorrect usages, and see if we can analyze a reason:
From these example sentences, it can be seen that not all sentences with "wish" as predicate verbs can be omitted, and the example sentences of group A 1 to 3 are not wrong, and they are also colloquial and commonly used, but the sentences of group B are wrong. So, what is the difference between the sentences in group A and group B? (Pay attention to tenses and objects!) It's not too hard to figure out the difference between these two sets of example sentences. Carefully you should have found:
This is the rule we want to find, that is, the sentence of "Wish" as a predicate verb, if it is followed by a "that" clause, the subject can be omitted; conversely, when the indirect object and the direct object are followed, the subject must be explicit, not omitted! The unspoken word 'wish' becomes a second-person prayer sentence, and Example Sentence 4 means, "Hurry up and wish yourself a Merry Christmas!" This confusing sentence. Therefore, in example sentences 4 to 6, if you add the subject back, it is no problem:
If the subject is a first-person "I" or "we", another remedy is to add a "-ing" suffix after the original "wish" and become the current participle "wishing", which is ok, no (nor can!). ) plus the subject. This "Wishing..." sentence pattern is common on greeting cards, letter endings, and online posts:
Remember, when using the "Wishing..." sentence pattern, the omitted subject cannot be a person other than the first person, so the original subject John can only use the original "John at the office wishes you..." sentence pattern.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="9" >Hope is very different from Wish</h1>
To discuss the English verb "wish," you have to talk to "hope"—and that. Because both "wish" and "hope" can be translated as "hope," native speakers Chinese tend to forget the differential use of the two verbs. The different uses of "Wish" and "hope" are designed in many grammar books, but the average English learner seems to only use the rules and regulations to be memorized for the exam, but the use is another matter, often ignoring the relevant details. Adopting a dismissive attitude toward the different uses of these two verbs can really confuse the listener rather.
Let's start with the easier to remember difference: the verb "Hope" is an inferior verb, which cannot be received like the 7 to 12 example sentences of "wish", but can only be connected to the "that" clause. As in the case of "wish" followed by "that" clauses, the subject can generally be omitted when the logical subject is "I" or "we". When "Hope" is used in a blessing sentence, it can also be used in the form of "Hoping..." in the form of "-ing". So the following three sentences are all correct:
The reason why it is easy to remember is because the subject language can be used or not, there are no rules, and it is very easy to memorize.
There is also a problem to deal with, that is, the verb tense in the sentence "that" followed by the **"wish..." sentence pattern. First of all, note that the verb of the present tense cannot be picked up. Therefore, sentences like 7 to 12 cannot add "have", and can use a double object structure (directly omitting "have") or a "would have" structure.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="14" > when you pick a star to "make a wish"</h1>
So, if you use a verb, which tense should you use? In this regard, "hope" is easier to deal with than "wish". When the verb "hope" is used, the speaker thinks that what he "hopes" has a high chance of coming true, or at least something that can happen in the real world.
"Wish" is different. "Wish" has the meaning of "blessing" when receiving the object (e.g., I wish you a good day!); when "that" is followed by the phrase ," the meaning of "wish" is not "blessing", nor is it simply the meaning of "hope", but the meaning of "wish". (You've heard Disney's "When you wish upon a star..." song, right?) It means "when you pick a star and make a wish". Chinese the meaning of "hope" and "wish" is very different, it is recommended to associate the English "wish" with the Chinese "wish", although it is often not possible to translate "wish" directly into "wish". However, such associations may make you more aware of the different meanings and uses of "hope" and "wish" in English.
When the predicate verb "wish" is followed by the "that" clause, the "wish" thing, generally like "wish", is a distant thing, and the speaker believes that the probability of realization is extremely low, and this mentality must also be reflected in the verb pattern. You can't use the general present tense, but use a subjunctive tone. The verb pattern used in the English subjunction is also the past tense, because the verbs of the past tense, whether in time or in terms of the probability of realization, are used to refer to things that are farther away from the present or present real world. If you look closely at the 1-3 example sentences, you will see that all the verbs use the pattern of the past tense to create a hypothetical world that will not come true. In fact Chinese also has a subjunctive tone, often marked by the modal verb "will", for example,
The problem is that not every English subjunctive mood sentence Chinese translation uses the word "will." Another problem is that when you first start learning, people may not spend a lot of time to understand the use of subjunctive tone, and they do not pay much attention to it, so it is easy to ignore the past. Correct usage is not difficult to learn, it is to remember to use past tense related verbs like would, could, didn't, and had.
Of course, it is not enough to know the correct use of "wish" and "hope" cognitively, and after practicing it for a period of time according to the need for reinforcement, the correct sentence will pop out of the mouth without thinking. But it must be worth it, and those who listen to you speak English from now on will be silently grateful and praise you!