Analysis: The Kingdom of Persia
Introduction: Around 550 BC, a Persian named Gould rose up and unified the surrounding tribes and kingdoms, establishing a political entity called the Kingdom of Persia. After Gould, he was succeeded by his son Cyrus II and continued to expand the territory of the Persian kingdom.
During the reign of Cyrus I, he conquered Mesopotamia and Babylon, and conquered the Caspian region in 539 BC. He also enacted a policy of tolerance, allowing residents everywhere to retain their religious and cultural practices. This made the rule of the Persian Empire widely accepted, allowing the empire to expand more quickly.
In 522 BC, Cyrus I died and was succeeded by his son Cambyses II. Perseus conquered Egypt and established Persian rule in the region. However, Perseus encountered many difficulties in his conquest of Egypt, including an unsuccessful invasion of Africa and a rebellion that caused civil unrest.
In 521 BC, Darius I succeeded to the throne and became one of the most famous kings of the Persian Empire. Through a series of military campaigns, he further expanded the territory of the Persian Empire, including the conquest of parts of the Indian subcontinent. Darius I also built an ancient road across the Iranian plateau, the Royal Persian Way, to strengthen the empire's transportation and economic links.
Darius I succeeded to the throne of Cyrus I and during his reign carried out large-scale conquests, conquering Egypt and many parts of northern India and consolidating imperial rule.
Darelius I, who succeeded to the throne of Darius I, carried out great reforms and construction of the empire, including the construction of many roads, bridges and palaces, the digging of canals and tunnels, and the establishment of a large number of cities in Persia.
Cymenis I, the last great king of the Achaemenid Empire, undertook a series of military expansions and administrative reforms, including the establishment of provincial administrations, the reorganization of the army, and the financial system.
Ahmedia I was the last king of the Achaemenid Empire, and during his reign the empire was conquered by the Macedonian Empire and eventually destroyed. He was considered a brilliant, visionary king, but strategic mistakes and internal political chaos led to the fall of the empire.
First, Perseus's army encountered a severe sandstorm during the march, which caused his army to suffer heavy losses, and many died or were wounded on the way, seriously affecting the strength and morale of the army.
Secondly, in the process of attacking Egypt, Perseus encountered stubborn resistance from the Egyptians, especially in the battle to capture the capital Memphis, and the Egyptians showed a very strong spirit of resistance. Although in the end Perseus succeeded in conquering Memphis, the battle took a heavy toll on his army.
In addition, after the capture of Memphis, Perseus encountered some rebellious tribes and city-states, which refused to accept the rule of the Persian kingship and continued to rebel, so that Perseus had to send troops to annihilate him, which delayed his conquest plan to a certain extent.
In short, the conquest of Egypt by Perseus was full of challenges and hardships, his army encountered sandstorms on the way, faced the stubborn resistance of the Egyptians, and the resistance and annihilation that he had to face after the conquest, but in the end he succeeded in conquering Egypt and establishing Persian rule over Egypt. #历史 #
Source:
The Persian Empire in the Ancient World by J.W. Drijvers and W. Watt
The Persian Conquest of Egypt by Pierre Briant
The Cambridge History of Egypt, Carl M. Carl F. Petry
A History of the Persian Empire by A.T. Olmstead
The Persian Empire: A Corpus of Sources from the Achaemenid Period by Amélie Kuhrt and Daniel J. Lewis
