Sichuan is a multi-ethnic province, and the ethnic concentrations in western Sichuan and southwestern Sichuan have formed the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture and the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, which are dominated by Tibetans, and the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in southwest Sichuan, which is dominated by the Yi ethnic group. Some time ago, Ding Zhen single-handedly brought the ganzi prefecture and the Aba prefecture next to him. And this year's Mid-Autumn Festival Gala, with the Yi girl Ji Ke Junyi's song "Take Me to the Top of the Mountain" surprised the audience, let us know Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture.
People have always been the most visited to Aba Ganzi, such as Jiuzhaigou, Daocheng Aden, Siguniang Mountain, Dagu Glacier and other well-known attractions are basically located in Aba Prefecture and Ganzi Prefecture.
In fact, Liangshan Prefecture is also worth recommending, which is a truly underrated travel treasure in Sichuan, not only with beautiful natural scenery and unique cultural customs, but also because of its food, which is not inferior to popular food cities such as Leshan. And today Xiaobian will take you to Puge County in Liangshan Prefecture to let you see this real "virgin land" in Sichuan.
Puge County, which belongs to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, is located in the southwest of Sichuan Province and the southeast of Liangshan Prefecture, between latitude 27°12'-27°30'N and longitude 102°26'-102°46'E, with an area of 1918 square kilometers, the territory belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate, and is a county inhabited by ethnic minorities mainly by the Yi ethnic minorities, a mountainous agricultural county, and a deeply impoverished county.
Puge County has the national 4A level scenic spot Luoji Mountain, Sichuan Mingquan Hot Spring Waterfall, China's first Yizhai Luoji Mountain Yizhai and other scenic spots, there is a charm of the Yi torch festival represented by the "Adu" culture, is the birthplace of the Yi torch festival, enjoys the Yi "torch festival hometown" reputation.
Puge, Yi, means meadow under the mouth of the mountain, the Yi people call puji, puge is named after the puji transliteration.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="38" > history and culture</h1>
Puge is a county inhabited by the Yi people, and the ethnic customs are mainly Based on the Yi customs. Folk customs such as the Yi Torch Festival, the Year of the Yi, the Marriage Customs of the Yi People, funerals and requiem ceremonies are different.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="42" > torch festival</h1>
Torch Festival
Puge is the hometown of the Chinese Yi torch festival, the first torch festival site of the Yi people is in Zhidu Disa, Puge County, where the Yi torch culture is ignited. Puge's Torch Festival is famous inside and outside for its original, quaint and warm atmosphere, and is considered to be the "most original Yi torch festival". The most primitive and simple cultural landscapes of the Yi people are expressed in the form of unique folk customs, music and dance, and competitive carnivals of the Yi people, mainly including bullfighting, sheep fighting, cockfighting, horse racing, wrestling, pole climbing, beauty pageants, songs, torch parades and other folk competitions; folk songs and dances such as Duolehe, Da Ti Dance, Playing the Moon Harp, plucking the mouth strings, etc.; as well as traditional customs such as torch carnival and blessing sacrifice at the bonfire evening.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="45" > the year of the Yi people</h1>
The Year of the Yi is also a traditional festival of the Yi people, equivalent to the Spring Festival of the Han people. The Puge Yi Year is generally held on the auspicious day from October to November of the Gregorian calendar, and the New Year takes three days, the first day is "lighting fireworks", the second day is playing various ancient games, and the third day is "sending ancestors". After the New Year, the New Year's greetings are generally wine, meat, poultry, and eggs.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="47" > Yi marriage customs</h1>
Puge Yi marriage customs retain ancient traditions and mysterious colors. There are two major procedures, betrothal and marriage. During the whole wedding process, the wedding is full of joy, humor and humor by splashing water, smearing the face, and carrying the bride, and "grabbing, backing, and looking" is known as the "three musts" in the Yi wedding.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="49" > Yi funeral</h1>
The funeral ceremony of the Puge Yi people has completely maintained the original customs of the ancestors of the Yi people, and the method is cremation, which mainly includes funeral preparation, memorialization, guidance, soul summoning, burial, cremation, gathering food and other ceremonies, and after the death of the elderly, the spirit ceremony and the super-spirit sending ceremony are also held.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="51" > the origin of the name of Yizhai Street</h1>
The streets around "Zim Square" are named after the gods who pioneered the world in ancient times. The streets in the north were named "Sijiao Dingli Road", the streets in the south were named "Aoshu Supplement Road", the east-west streets were named "Rujiao Guda Road", and the streets on the west side of the square were named "Shu blades and Dada Road". The other two streets were named "Ghamma Azu Road" and "Sijian Yozu Road". "Genmo Azu" is a divine craftsman who forges Optimus Prime, and "Si Blade Yozu" is a god who creates mountains and rivers.
The four streets outside Yizhai are named after the famous scenic spots in Puge, which means that Puge has the natural resources of Zhong Lingyuxiu and has a long and splendid cultural landscape. The street leading to the Luoji Mountain Scenic Area was named "Luoji Avenue"; the street to the east of Yizhai was named "TeZhi Nauda Road", "Te Supplement Nauda" was the Yi name of Luoji Mountain; the street into the village was named "Lazhen Rize Road", "Lazhen Rize" is the Lazhen Waterfall in Wanluo Township, Puge County, and is the birthplace of the Yi excellent classical narrative lyric poem "Mother's Daughter", named "Lazhen Rize Road", one is that this road has water and waterfalls, and there is a statue of "Mother's Daughter", and the second is to emphasize that Puge is "Mother's Daughter" The street west of Yizhai is named "Ridu Disa Road", "Ridu Disa" is in the territory of Yedi Township, Puge County, is the birthplace of the Yi Torch Festival, named "Ridu Disa Road", in order to highlight and emphasize that Puge is the hometown of the traditional Torch Festival of the Yi people, in addition, the Yi language "Ridu" is the meaning of clear spring gushing, there is a continuous flow of "Lazhen Rize" to provide the source of living water.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="54" > scenic spots</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="56" > Luojishan Tourist Scenic Spot</h1>
Luojishan Tourist Scenic Area is an important part of qionghai-luojishan scenic spot, is a national AAAA-level tourist scenic spot, located in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, spanning Puge, Dechang, Xichang two counties and one city. In May 2002, the Qionghai-Luojishan Scenic Area was officially listed as a national scenic spot.
Luoji Mountain Scenic Area
Luoji Mountain Scenic Area has completely preserved the remains of the Quaternary ancient glaciers, and is famous at home and abroad for its typical landscapes such as "glacier carved troughs, rhododendron seas, glacial lakes, horned peak blade ridges, and hot spring waterfalls".
Luoji Mountain is composed of 6 areas such as Pearl Lake Scenic Area, Hot Spring Waterfall Scenic Area, Colorful Pond Scenic Area, Luchanggou Scenic Area, Leyuegou Scenic Area, Gugushan Scenic Area, etc. The main scenic area (Pearl Lake Scenic Area) that has been opened to tourists is located in the territory of Luojishan Town, Puge County, which is the most concentrated scenic spot and the most beautiful scenic spot, with a core tourist area of 60.88 square kilometers.
The 33 ice bucket lakes on Luoji Mountain are distributed in groups along the east and west sides of the main ridge, hidden in the original forest, surrounded by rhododendrons by the lake, surrounded by fir forests, smoke waves, some backed by mountain peaks, peaks and trees reflected, cloud shadows and skylight, the scenery is amazing; some are steaming fog locks all year round, unpredictable, and have special interest. The beauty of the peaks, forests and lakes gives people a sense of silence and depth, and revels in the simple and primitive natural beauty. Mountains, forests, flowers and lakes are accompanied by each other.
Colorful glacial lakes
Glacier incision trough
The remains of the Quaternary glaciers of Luojishan are clear and complete, which is rare in the world, and can be called the "World Ancient Glacier Geopark", which has unique tourism and scientific value. The No. 1 trough discovered so far is the largest ancient glacial trough ever found in the world.
Horned peak ridge
According to satellite remote sensing data, there are 58 peaks in the scenic area with ridges 4,000 meters high. Some of the peaks are stacked on top of the sky, some are steeply built on the four walls, like pillars of heaven, and some are absolutely ten thousand blades, and deep cliffs and huge ravines. The concentration of its peaks, the grand scale and the strange shape are still rare in China's mountain landscape.
Sea of rhododendrons
There are more than 30 species of rhododendrons in the mountain, distributed between 1500 and 4000 meters above sea level. The primroses of the low mountains, the Yunnan rhododendrons, elephant rhododendrons, round-leaved rhododendrons, milky yellow rhododendrons, king rhododendrons, and brown-backed rhododendrons in the mountains, flourish in early summer, multi-line rhododendron ancient trees, twisted branches, bare roots, and the trees are all bonsai, red or white, or yellow or pink when in full bloom.
Hot spring waterfalls
Luojishan Grand Canyon Hot Spring Waterfall ranks first among the 24 springs in Sichuan Province. The hot spring water cascades down along the mountain as a pond, a water curtain cave, a Mandarin duck pond, and a Qinglong Palace, forming a waterfall with a height of 20 meters and a width of 15 meters, which is white and crystalline.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="73" > Luojishan Yizhai</h1>
Luojishan Yizhai is located at the foot of Luojishan Mountain, a national scenic spot, located in Luojishan Market Town, Luojishan Yizhai covers an area of more than 170 acres, consisting of 82 different types of Yi characteristic residences, two zhai gates, 11 large and small watchtowers, inns, Zim Square, Amorija sculptures, Bia Shilaze reliefs and ethnic characteristics of the wearing of fangs and other landscapes.
Yizhai main zhai gate
The main gate of zhengzhai is decorated with the traditional watchtower of the Yi people as the main structure, and the bluestone reliefs on the front and back are decorated with the eagle and tiger patterns of the Yi people, showing a heroic color and a brave and tenacious national spirit; the side bluestone reliefs are decorated with the amulet pattern of the Yi people, in order to seek peace and exit, showing the desire for peace, tranquility and happiness.
The middle pillar is carved with the Yi words "Zi Ya" and "Li Ya", which means to stand on the top of the heavens and the earth, and in the Yi legend, the separation of heaven and earth is supported by the top of the top of the heavens and the earth pillar. There is also a saying that it is called the ladder of heaven, and the ladder is the passage through which all things on earth communicate with the gods. The decoration of the pillars was combined with the traditional Yi motifs and excerpts from the Yi poetry "Mamute Yi".
Yizhai side gate
The side gate adopts an asymmetrical form to balance the visual gravity caused by the slope, and expresses the gate with deconstructed design concepts, incomplete and broken to give people a space for unlimited imagination of history, and the natural slope seems to be a flash flood or mudslide in the past, breaking and burying the ancient culture and history. In the past, the main body of the gate may have been a tower, or something else, broken columns, broken walls and exposed beams or people are asking what their history is, the whole gate is simple and generous, giving people unlimited space for reverie, highlighting the character of Adu.
Mother's daughter
The sculpture "Mother's Daughter" is based on the yi folk classic narrative lyrical poem, and "Mother's Daughter" is a poem that is popular, touching and tear-inducing. The young daughter's appearance is as beautiful and moving as soma flowers, and her demeanor is as smooth and sharp as the Laji River. She herded sheep and sang songs on the beautiful Ari Mountain, freshened up and dressed up on the clear Banks of the Lahu River, and spent an innocent and happy childhood in her hometown. Liangshan Yi women love to listen to and love to sing "Mother's Daughter". Whenever the torch festival, or when the daughter gets married, they gather together and take turns to chant "Mother's Daughter", feel sorry for the daughter, and tell each other their heartfelt feelings.
Zim Square
"Zimu Square" is located in the center of Yizhai and has an area of about 2,000 square meters. The square is mainly composed of a landscape such as the groundbreaking sculpture, the six ten Lu thumbs, the three weapons frame doors, the yi stone carvings of the world-breaking legends, and the yi tricolor flag. "Zim", Yi, has the meaning of creation. The square is named "Zimu Square", which means that the ancestors of the Yi people once opened up the world and created a brilliant and splendid colorful world; today's Yi people are not inferior, inheriting the brave and fearless legacy of the ancestors, using their own diligence and wisdom to continue a new chapter and create brilliance.
Yizhai Square
Groundbreaking
Before the opening of the heavens and the earth, the four immortals were born, the northern shengsi blade Dingli, the southern sheng aoshu supplement, the eastern shengxiao blade Guda, the western shengshu blade Guda, the heavenly god grace body Guzi sent Genmo Ada with nine pieces of steel and palladium, with the knee as an anvil, the mouth as a bellows, the fingers as fire tongs, the fist as an iron hammer, cast into four optimus large iron forks, handed over to the four immortals to open the east, west, south, and north of the four heavens, set up four pillars to support the heavens, plus four ropes to support the heavens, put four stone stable heavens, sent Si Maru Tozu to build the land, the heavens and the earth were separated, the earth became bright, and the mountains and rivers were cast. There is air in the world, and all living beings are born from it.
Ten Lu thumbs
The Ten Lu Thumbs are the ancient war tokens of the Yi people. The real ten thumbs are about the size of a person's thumb, resembling a human thumb, carved with a human face, and a hundred thousand fiery when feathers and peppers are tied to the back. As soon as the war broke out, the messengers galloped to the villages on horseback, without entering the village, and shot into the village with arrows tied to the ten Lu thumbs at the mouth of the village, and the people in the village knew that the war was coming, and they would immediately arm themselves and throw them into battle. The messenger shoots arrows and does not enter the village, which greatly saves the time of the order.
tricolour
Biaschlazar
The tricolor flag is composed of a red, yellow and black pennant, and the flag is painted with the sun, moon, zhige aru and Yi October calendar patterns. Red, yellow and black are the three most traditional colors of the Yi people, red represents bravery and enthusiasm, yellow represents light and beauty, and black represents nobility and solemnity. The flagpole in the middle is 9.9 meters high, the flagpole on both sides is 9 meters high, and the Yi people believe that the "9" character is the largest number, and the "9" word in the Yi language also represents auspiciousness, longevity and stability, showing the peace-loving and tranquil nature of the Yi people.
Large relief - Biaschlazar
Biashira is said to be the Great Bimo of the Yi people. The huge head in the relief is a statue of Bimo Bia Shila, on the right is a bird ke - Bi Mo God Fan, on the left is Bi Mo's god sign cylinder, on which is engraved the astrological image of The Liangshan Yi shama Xiha (the star image is taken from the "History of Yi Astronomy"), the original picture is a circular arc, and the relief is engraved on the god sign in an in-line manner for the needs of the work modeling. The upper part is inscribed with the figures of Zhige Aaron, Sun, Moon, and Pegasus, and the background is a Bimo sutra that appears from time to time.
The head of Bia Shila is 2 meters wide on the front, 3.6 meters high and 1.6 meters wide on the side, and the head is the largest Bimo statue of the Yi people in China, which coincides with the identity of the first Bimo of the Bia Shila, and also coincides with the identity of the first village of the Chinese Yi people in Luoji Mountain.
Umbrella street lights
The upper part of the umbrella-shaped street lamp adopts the traditional yi utensils - yellow wax umbrella as the lampshade, and the lower part adopts the traditional clothing of the Yi women - pleated skirt as the lamp holder. Yellow wax umbrella and pleated skirt is the favorite jewelry of Yi girls, whenever the torch festival comes, Yi girls will wear pleated skirts, play yellow wax umbrellas, three or five groups, come to the torch field, sing mountain songs, dance Dolohe, participate in beauty pageants, find their sweethearts, whenever this time, a pair of yellow wax umbrellas are a pair of lovers in each other's heartfelt intestines.
Ethnic characteristics wear fangs
In ancient times, the Yi people's houses were mostly wooden structures, and the piercing fang was an integral part of the house structure, which was used as a beam for the house, and could also be used as a hanging corn and other grains, and the more it was hung, the richer it was. Later, people carved various patterns on the wearing fang, and the wearing fang gradually evolved into an ornament. The piercing fang is generally composed of bucket arches and horizontal fangs, and the shapes of the bucket arches are diverse, including the shape of a bull's head, a sheep's head and so on. It can be single-layered or multi-layered. The color of the fang is based on the most traditional red, yellow and black colors of the Yi people as the main color, and the patterns mostly use the Yi totem eagle, tiger, utensils, flowers of the four seasons, the sun, the moon, the birds, the beasts, the flying sky, the ornaments, etc., exquisite and clear, natural and vivid, showing the good wishes of the Yi people to pursue peace, auspiciousness and peace.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="100" > specialty food</h1>
Yi special cuisine
Yi sauerkraut chicken, Yi bacon, Yi sausage, Yi spicy chicken, boiled chicken, buckwheat cake, dregs, wild vegetables, special barbecue, hand-grabbed pork, sauerkraut potato soup, etc.