On the morning of January 18, the Information Office of the State Council held a press conference, inviting Zeng Yande, chief agronomist and director of the Department of Development Planning of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pan Wenbo, director of the Department of Plantation Management, Liu Han, head of the Department of Market and Information Technology, and Xu Jianmin, director of the Comprehensive Department of the National Rural Revitalization Bureau, to introduce the operation of the agricultural and rural economy in 2022 and answer reporters' questions.
Shou Xiaoli, Deputy Director of the Information Bureau and Spokesperson of the State Council Information Office:
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the press conference of the Information Office of the State Council. Today, we are very pleased to invite Mr. Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Mr. Pan Wenbo, Director of the Department of Plantation Management, Ms. Liu Han, Head of the Department of Market and Information Technology, and Mr. Xu Jianmin, Director of the Comprehensive Department of the National Rural Revitalization Administration, to introduce the operation of the agricultural and rural economy in 2022 and answer your questions of interest.
Next, we would like to give the floor to Mr. Zeng Yande for an introduction.
Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Photo by Liu Jian)
Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs:
Ladies and gentlemen, friends of the media, good morning. In four days, it will be the Lunar New Year, so let's say goodbye to everyone first. Next, I will briefly report on the operation of the agricultural and rural economy in 2022.
2022 has been an extraordinary year. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Rural Revitalization Administration conscientiously implemented the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speeches and important instructions and instructions, implemented the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, effectively responded to the new crown epidemic and serious natural disasters, went all out to ensure supply, overcome difficulties and guarded the bottom line, cohesively promoted revitalization, and fully completed the annual goals and tasks, providing a solid foundation and strong support for the overall economic and social stability.
First, grain production has regained a bumper harvest, and the foundation for security of supply continues to be solid. Food production is at a record high. The sown area of grain was 1.775 billion mu, an increase of 10.52 million mu over the previous year, and the output was 1.3731 billion jin, an increase of 7.4 billion jin, remaining above 1.3 trillion jin for eight consecutive years. The expansion of soybean oil seeds has achieved remarkable results. The soybean area was 154 million mu, an increase of 27.43 million mu over the previous year and the highest number since 1958. The output was 20.28 million tons, an increase of 3.89 million tons. The area of rapeseed reached 109 million mu, an increase of nearly 4 million mu, and the total output of oil crops was 36.53 million tons, an increase of 1.1% over the previous year. Due to the increase in supply and consumption savings, the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil increased by 1.6 percentage points. Stable development of pig production. At the end of 2022, the national breeding sow inventory was slightly higher than the upper limit of green and reasonable areas for capacity regulation. The annual pork output was 55.41 million tons, an increase of 4.6% over the previous year. At the same time, the production of beef, sheep and poultry meat, milk and aquatic products has increased in an all-round way, and the supply of vegetables and fruits is sufficient and stable.
Second, the driving force of industrial employment has been strengthened, and the achievements in poverty alleviation have been continuously consolidated.
Third, science and technology and equipment support is strong, and the construction of modern agriculture continues to advance. The revitalization of the seed industry has been further promoted. The census of agricultural germplasm resources has been basically completed, and 120,000 copies of agricultural germplasm resources have been newly collected, 330,000 copies of livestock and poultry germplasm resources have been collected and produced and 78,000 pieces of aquatic germplasm resources have been collected. The research of key core technologies in agriculture has been carried out in an orderly manner, major agricultural biological breeding projects have been launched, and the pilot project of industrial application of transgenic corn and soybeans has progressed smoothly. Cultivated land protection is vigorously promoted. The annual construction task of 100 million mu of high-standard farmland was exceeded, and the cumulative construction target of 1 billion mu was achieved on schedule. The area of conservation tillage was 83 million mu, and the pilot task of the third national soil census was completed. Breakthrough in the creation of agricultural machinery and equipment. The 240 horsepower stepless variable speed tractor, rapeseed transplanter and other short-board tools were successfully mass-produced, and the grain machine harvest loss rate was controlled within 3%.
Fourth, the transformation of production methods has accelerated, and the green transformation of agriculture has continued to advance. Coordinated promotion of agricultural non-point source pollution control. The utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and pesticides exceeded 41%, and the utilization rates of livestock and poultry manure, straw and agricultural film exceeded 78%, 88% and 80% respectively. The ecological environment of key river basins has been improved at an accelerated pace. The ten-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River has been vigorously promoted, and the protection of aquatic biological resources has continued to improve. The results of deep water conservation in the Yellow River Basin have begun to show, and agricultural ecological and environmental problems have been brought under control. The supply of green and high-quality agricultural products has increased. The "three products and one standard" of agricultural production and agricultural products have been further promoted, and the output of green, organic and geographical indication agricultural products has reached 11%, and the pass rate of routine monitoring of the quality and safety of agricultural products has reached 97.6%.
Fifth, rural industries have been cultivated and expanded, and the channels for increasing farmers' income have continued to expand.
Sixth, rural construction has been carried out in an all-round way, and the living conditions of peasants have continued to improve. Improvement of rural living environment. The coverage rate of rural sanitary latrines nationwide exceeds 73 per cent, more than 90 per cent of household garbage in natural villages is collected and disposed of, and cleaning operations have been carried out in 95 per cent of villages. The construction of rural public facilities is advancing in an orderly manner. The construction of rural industrial roads, resource roads, and tourist roads has been accelerated, facilities such as water supply and power supply, network communications, and farmers' housing have been gradually improved, and the level of public services such as rural education, medical care, and old-age care has been steadily improved. The efficiency of rural governance has been continuously enhanced. A total of 199 national rural governance demonstration townships and 1,992 demonstration villages have been established, and governance methods such as the point system, list system, and digitalization have been fully promoted.
Seventh, the expansion of rural reform has deepened, and the momentum of rural development has continued to increase. The key reform tasks have been steadily advanced. After the expiration of the second round of land contracts, the pilot project was extended for another 30 years to 21 provinces, and the two pilot projects of the reform of the homestead system and the special rectification of rural indiscriminate occupation of cultivated land to build housing were carried out in an orderly manner, and the results of the reform of the rural collective property rights system were consolidated and improved. New agricultural management entities have developed and grown. The number of family farms and farmers' cooperatives reached 3.9 million and 2.22 million respectively. Agricultural socialization services cover an area of 1.87 billion mu and drive more than 89 million smallholder farmers. Trade in agricultural products grew rapidly. The total import and export volume reached 334.32 billion US dollars. Among them, imports were 236.06 billion US dollars, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year, and exports were 98.26 billion US dollars, an increase of 16.5% over the previous year.
Generally speaking, the development of agricultural and rural economy in the past year has withstood multiple tests, achieved results that exceeded expectations, stabilized the basic plate, and consolidated the ballast stone. This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Rural Revitalization Administration will fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, conscientiously implement the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, anchor the goal of building an agricultural power, make every effort to ensure national food security and not return to poverty on a large scale, solidly promote rural development, rural construction, rural governance and other key tasks, build livable, workable and beautiful villages, promote comprehensive rural revitalization, and accelerate new progress in agricultural and rural modernization.
Thank you. Now, my colleagues and I would like to answer your questions.
Shou Xiaoli:
Thank you. Let's move on to the question session, please inform your news organization before asking a question.
China News Service reporter:
What was the situation of grain production on the mainland last year? What are the experiences? What measures will be taken next to ensure this year's food production? Thank you.
Zeng Yande:
Thank you for your question, which we would like to ask the Director General of the Department of Plantation Management, Poon Wenbo.
Pan Wenbo, Director of the Department of Plantation Management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Photo by Liu Jian)
Pan Wenbo, Director General of the Department of Plantation Management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs:
Your question is very important. Food is the foundation of survival and security, and all aspects are very concerned. As you said, in the face of multiple difficulties and challenges such as the epidemic and disasters, the mainland achieved a bumper harvest last year. Just now, Chief Master Zeng has already introduced that last year's grain output on the mainland reached 1,373.1 billion jin, an increase of 7.4 billion jin, another record high, and successfully completed the expected goal of maintaining grain output above 1.3 trillion jin. In his New Year's message, the general secretary stressed that in the face of the global food crisis, the mainland's grain production has achieved "nineteen consecutive abundances", and the Chinese's rice bowl has become more secure.
It is not easy to know the difficulty, but it is easy but difficult. Last year's grain production went through several passes, and when summer grain was sown, it experienced rare autumn rains and autumn floods, when one-third of the winter wheat was sown late. We were dispatching at the time, and the seedling situation before winter was the worst in history. During spring planting and "three summers", the epidemic is distributed in many points, and the task of rushing to harvest and plant is very heavy. Many journalist friends can also remember that in summer, the south suffered from severe high temperature and drought, and at the same time, diseases and pests also reappeared, and grain production can be said to have passed five levels and cut six generals, and the above achievements have not come easily, and the experience is worth summarizing.
To win the tough battle of fighting disasters and winning a bumper harvest, the most fundamental and crucial thing is the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core. The general secretary is always concerned about food security, repeatedly emphasizing that food security is "the great of the country" and "eating is the greatest thing in all things", and has repeatedly given important instructions and instructions to give precise guidance for doing a good job in grain production. The State Council attaches great importance to it, and the National Standing Committee has repeatedly studied and deployed special topics.
An important guarantee for winning the tough battle of fighting disasters and winning a bumper harvest is to grasp both righteousness and benefit, and mobilize the enthusiasm of local governments to focus on grain and peasants to grow grain. For the third consecutive year, grain production targets and tasks were issued to the provincial people's governments, and all localities conscientiously implemented the joint responsibility of the party and government for food security, and the main responsible comrades of the party committee and government personally studied the deployment arrangements, compacted the responsibility layer by layer, and did everything possible to tap the potential of grain production. On the basis of the increase in the previous year, the annual grain area increased by 10.52 million mu last year, exceeding the target tasks assigned. "Benefit" means strengthening policy support. In 2022, the central government's support for food production is rare in many years. For example, it continued to raise the minimum purchase price of rice and wheat, and issued a total of 40 billion yuan in one-off subsidies to farmers who actually planted grain three times, double that of 2021; Increase incentives for large grain-producing counties and expand the scale of rotation funds; Arrange 7 billion yuan to support summer grain to promote strong and stable production, and arrange 10 billion yuan to support autumn grain to resist high temperature and drought, which has effectively mobilized peasants' enthusiasm for production.
To win the tough battle of fighting disasters and winning a bumper harvest, effective measures are coordinated from top to bottom, and key measures are implemented in a down-to-earth and detailed manner. All localities and departments have resolutely implemented the central decision-making and deployment, worked together to fight in concert, overcome difficulties, adopted a series of extraordinary and super-strong measures to grasp grain production, and grasped it season by season, variety by variety, region by region, link by link, organized and carried out front-line contact guidance on the sinking of parcels in the province, and formulated and issued more than 30 technical guidance opinions and plans. Actively respond to the impact of the epidemic, set up an emergency service team, and help solve the blocking points such as agricultural materials entering households, agricultural machinery on the road, and farmers going to the fields. In key agricultural times, all the systematic strength of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has been pressed to the front line, and cadres and scientific and technological personnel of organs have been organized to squat and guide them, and promote the implementation of measures such as promoting the weak and turning the weak into strong, "one spray and three prevention", drought resistance and seedling preservation of autumn grain, "one spray and multiple promotions", and disease prevention and insect control.
The above-mentioned effective practices and experiences have laid a good foundation for us to grasp grain production in the future. In 2023, we will insist on taking grain production as the primary task of the "three rural areas" work, strive to take a new round of 100 billion jin of grain production capacity improvement action as the starting point, focus on stabilizing grain sowing area, strive to expand soybean oil seeds, focus on increasing yields, and go all out to maintain the good momentum of stable grain production and increase production. As soon as we go to work after the Spring Festival, we will convene a national spring field management conference to quickly set off an upsurge in spring management and preparation, resolutely win the battle of a bumper summer grain and oil harvest, and make a good start for seizing a bumper grain harvest for the whole year. Thank you!
CCTV reporter:
It will soon be the Lunar New Year, and a large number of migrant farmers will return to their hometowns, while the rural tradition of visiting relatives and friends during the New Year has brought greater pressure to rural epidemic prevention. Excuse me, what measures will be taken to ensure rural health and safety in rural epidemic prevention and allow farmers to have a peaceful and peaceful Spring Festival? Thank you.
Zeng Yande:
Thank you for your question. This issue is very important, rural areas are the key areas of the current new crown epidemic prevention and control, and the task is very heavy. Spring transport is the world's largest migration and is unique to China. Rural medical resources are relatively insufficient, which brings great difficulties to epidemic prevention and control. Recently, under the unified arrangement of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council and the Central Rural Work Leading Group, the Central Agricultural Office, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the National Rural Revitalization Bureau, together with relevant departments, have set up a special class for epidemic prevention and control in rural areas, and we have recently sent 32 supervision teams to various places to supervise, promote the responsibility of compacting the "five-level secretary", and go all out to do a good job in rural epidemic prevention and control.
The Spring Festival is approaching, and the number of people returning to their hometowns has increased, and at the same time, the number of visits to relatives and friends in rural areas has also increased, which has brought great pressure to rural epidemic prevention and control. In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with the Central Agricultural Office and the National Rural Revitalization Administration, will continue to strengthen departmental linkage, mobilize all forces, form a joint force for prevention and control, protect the life safety of rural residents to the greatest extent, and minimize the impact of the epidemic on rural economic and social development. There are several measures:
First, give play to the role of rural grassroots organizations and improve their ability to provide precise services. To do a good job in rural epidemic prevention and control, rural grassroots organizations are in a key position. It is necessary to give play to the role of village party organizations as fighting bastions and the advantages of other organizational resources, implement responsibilities, refine measures, sink into households, and move forward at passes. We propose to promote the grid management model, scientifically and accurately do a good job in epidemic prevention and control, and ensure that the prevention and control system does not leave gaps. It is also necessary to give play to the role of the first secretary stationed in the village and the party members in the rural areas, rush to the front line, and set an example.
Second, promote the sinking of medical resources to rural areas and improve the ability of diagnosis and treatment guarantee. At present, township health centers and community health service centers are important positions for rural epidemic prevention and control, but the shortage of medicines and other medical supplies is more prominent. We propose that technical personnel should be sunk, focusing on the tilt of medical resources in counties to some weak townships and communities, supplementing technical strength and enhancing treatment capabilities. There are also medical supplies to sink, and some emergency equipment and medicines should be tilted towards township hospitals to ensure that they are available and available. Recently, the special work class coordinated with relevant departments, mobilized social forces, and equipped each village clinic with two oxygen finger meters free of charge, and is equipping each township health center with one oxygen generator free of charge.
Third, strengthen the protection of key rural groups and improve the ability to prevent and treat severe diseases. The focus is still on the old, young, sick and infirm in rural areas. It is necessary to accurately grasp the information, carry out "one-on-one" insurance contact with the elderly over 65 years old, pregnant women, children, especially the elderly living alone and the disabled who lack self-health management, regularly do a good job in health monitoring, establish a corresponding information database, smooth green channels, timely identify, timely refer and treat possible serious diseases, and strictly prevent incidents that impact the bottom line of morality. At the same time, we will promote the acceleration of the vaccination rate of key groups and achieve "full success".
Fourth, strengthen epidemic prevention and control publicity and improve daily protection capabilities. Rural epidemic prevention and control publicity work is very important, especially the common sense of protection needs to be popularized. We propose to innovate the form of publicity, guide villagers to do a good job in health monitoring, personal protection and cleanliness through rural loudspeakers, WeChat groups, propaganda boards, plain paper, etc., and frequently disinfect public places. It is necessary to advocate a healthy lifestyle, insist on wearing masks, wash hands frequently, and try to gather and eat less when visiting relatives and friends. It is necessary to advocate a new style of civilization, appropriately control the scale and frequency of gathering activities such as fairs, temple fairs, and theatrical performances according to the regional epidemic situation and the wishes of residents, and simplify activities such as weddings and funerals.
Thank you!
First Financial Reporter:
The traditional Spring Festival is coming, from the current situation, how is the supply and price of meat, vegetables, grain and oil and other materials during the Spring Festival? Thank you.
Zeng Yande:
Thank you for your question, now our urban and rural residents are stocking up on New Year goods, and they are very concerned about the supply and market prices of agricultural and sideline products. I would like to ask Liu Han, Deputy Director General of the Market Information Department, to answer this question.
Liu Han, Deputy Director-General of the Department of Market and Information Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Photo by Liu Jian)
Liu Han, Deputy Director-General of the Department of Market and Information Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs:
Thank you for your question. Agricultural products such as meat, vegetables and grain and oil are closely related to the lives of ordinary people, and the attention of all parties is now increasing. Judging from all aspects, it is expected that the supply of meat, vegetables, grain and oil in the mainland during the Spring Festival will be sufficient, which can fully meet the consumption needs of urban and rural residents. At present, the operation of agricultural products market has three main characteristics:
First, the production capacity is sufficient. Grain output has been stable at more than 1.3 trillion jin for eight consecutive years, the soybean oil production capacity improvement project has started well, the expansion effect of soybean planting is remarkable, the pig stock has increased for eight consecutive months, and pork production has returned to normal levels. The area of vegetables in the field has increased steadily, the amount of fruits is sufficient and of high quality, the output of aquatic products is also steadily increasing, and the foundation for ensuring the supply of agricultural products is very solid.
Second, consumption is booming. The Spring Festival is the peak of annual consumption of agricultural products, especially "vegetable basket" products, coupled with the optimization of epidemic prevention and control policies, the recovery of catering and tourism, it is expected that the consumption of agricultural products will increase significantly, and the market is expected to be booming.
Third, the price is stable. The prices of agricultural products are generally stable, with ups and downs and normal fluctuations between varieties. Last week (January 9-15), the "Agricultural Products Wholesale Price 200 Index" was 130.85, up 2.42 points from the previous month and 2.91 points higher than the same period last year, of which the price of vegetables and fruits rose seasonally, the price of pork fell, and the prices of grain and oil, beef and mutton, poultry meat and aquatic products were basically stable.
In the next step, we will continue to work with relevant departments and localities to grasp production, smooth circulation, guard the bottom line, ensure safety, and ensure that the "rice bags", "vegetable baskets" and "oil bottles" of the masses during the Spring Festival are sufficient and stable.
First, do a good job in production. We should pay close attention to the production of grain and oil and important "vegetable basket" products, rationally arrange the scale of planting and variety structure, develop fast lettuce and sprouts according to local conditions, do a good job in breeding livestock and poultry aquatic products, focus on key indicators such as the stock of breeding sows and the production of pigs, and promote balanced supply.
The second is smooth circulation. In accordance with the requirements of the 20 articles and the new 10 articles to optimize epidemic prevention and control, implement the "green channel" policy for the transportation of fresh agricultural products. Promote the establishment of a cross-regional joint guarantee and supply mechanism, and promote the establishment of "point-to-point" relationships between production areas and sales areas, commercial outlets and production entities.
The third is to build a solid bottom line. Vigorously grasp the quality supervision of agricultural products, increase the monitoring of agricultural and veterinary drug residues, promote the effective connection between origin approval and market access, and ensure that no major agricultural product quality and safety incidents occur. Improve the emergency supply system, formulate plans and hierarchical response measures, and timely and efficiently solve problems such as slow sales difficulties and tight supply.
The fourth is the responsibility of compaction. Strengthen the responsibility of the party and government for food security and the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system, urge all localities to do a solid job in the production of agricultural products, strengthen pre-production, production and post-production services, and consolidate and improve self-sufficiency. Strengthen monitoring and early warning, carry out production and market dynamic monitoring, timely release market change information, and reasonably guide market expectations.
Thank you!
Farmer's Daily reporter:
Recently, the seven departments of the state issued the "Guidelines for Farmers' Participation in Rural Construction (Trial)". It provides work guidance for extensively relying on farmers, educating and guiding farmers, organizing and driving farmers, and jointly building and sharing a better home. It can be said that rural construction concerns the vital interests of peasants. What's next, what's our focus? How to guide and encourage farmers to participate in rural construction without increasing their burden? Thank you.
Zeng Yande:
Rural construction is an important part of the modern living conditions of the entire rural area. In the past two years, in accordance with the arrangements of the central authorities, including the action plans issued by the Central Committee and the State Council last year, all localities have been advancing in a strong and orderly manner, with remarkable results. For specific information, please ask Xu Jianmin, director of the comprehensive department of the National Rural Revitalization Bureau, to answer.
Xu Jianmin, Director of the General Department of the National Rural Revitalization Bureau (Photo by Liu Jian)
Xu Jianmin, Director of the General Department of the National Rural Revitalization Bureau:
Thank you for your question from a media friend, and thank you for your attention to rural construction. Rural construction is an important task in implementing the rural revitalization strategy and an inherent requirement for realizing Chinese-style modernization. This year, together with relevant departments, we will deeply implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, take the construction of livable and workable and beautiful villages as the guide, aim at the goal of basically having modern living conditions in rural areas, and promote more farmers to live a modern life on the spot.
First, focus on strengthening planning and standard guidance. Promote the preparation of village plans, and study and formulate guidelines for the construction of rural areas that basically have modern living conditions.
The second is to focus on coordinating the layout of rural infrastructure and public services. Promote the extension of public infrastructure and public services to villages and cover households, and concentrate efforts on the construction of inclusive, basic and thorough people's livelihood. Priority should be given to building projects that not only facilitate living but also promote production, and speed up the completion of the shortcomings in rural production and living conditions.
The third is to focus on improving the quality of rural living environment. Strengthen the construction of long-term mechanisms, improve the quality of rural toilet renovation, strengthen the coordinated treatment of domestic sewage and toilet manure, and improve the domestic waste collection, transportation and disposal system.
Fourth, efforts should be made to strengthen the endogenous driving force of rural construction. Promote the implementation of systems such as rural construction project database, task list management and farmers' participation, study and establish a rural construction guidance system, a village public infrastructure management and publicity system, and widely carry out the "My hometown, I build" activities.
In order to guide the vast number of farmers to actively participate in the construction of a better home, recently, the National Rural Revitalization Bureau and other seven departments issued the "Guidelines for Farmers' Participation in Rural Construction (Trial)", which improves the mechanism for farmers to participate in rural construction, standardizes the procedures and methods of participation, and puts forward specific measures from strengthening the mobilization of farmers' organizations, guiding farmers to participate in planning, driving farmers to implement construction, supporting farmers' participation in management and protection, and protecting farmers' participation rights and interests, providing policy basis and action guidance for organizing farmers to participate in rural construction. We believe that the issuance of this guideline will help guide the vast number of farmers to build their beautiful homes with hardworking hands without increasing the burden on farmers, and form a vivid situation in which farmers are willing to participate, will participate, and can participate in rural construction.
Thank you!
Zhonghong Network reporter:
We are concerned that the recent decline in pig prices has been large, and some farms have lost money, what will be the future market situation and trend? In addition, what measures will the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs take to stabilize pig prices and markets? Thank you.
Zeng Yande:
Thank you for your question. Pigs are important agricultural products and important livelihood products. Chinese eating habits, pork is necessary for the table, and it can also be said to be an important factor reflecting the level of moderate prosperity. Judging from the situation last year, I can gratifyingly tell you that last year 699 million pigs were slaughtered, with an average of two people and one pig, and our pig supply is guaranteed. At that time, it was an important period for preparing New Year goods, from the perspective of the perennial situation, this time the pig should be in a period of high prices, but this year's situation is a bit special, different from previous years, pig supply presents three new characteristics: First, the increase in slaughter. According to our monitoring, the number of pigs slaughtered in December increased by 18.3% month-on-month and 7.3% year-on-year. Second, consumption is weak. Affected by the new crown epidemic, catering and group consumption have not fully recovered, and pork consumption has shown the phenomenon of "peak season is not strong". Third, prices have fallen. In the second week of January this year, the national average pig price was 16.3 yuan / kg, falling for 11 consecutive weeks, which was lower than the breeding cost of 16.7 yuan, and some farms suffered losses.
For the pig market trend in the coming period, price fluctuations are inevitable, and our goal is to reduce the frequency of fluctuations and reduce the amplitude. From the trend point of view, the key is to look at three factors: First, the number of breeding sows. At the end of December, the national breeding sow inventory was close to 44 million, which was 107% of the normal holding of 41 million, that is, a little more than the normal holding, slightly higher than the upper limit of the green and reasonable area of capacity control. The second is the stock of medium and large pigs. In November and December, the number of 5-month-old large pigs in large-scale pig farms nationwide increased by 10.9% and 5.6% year-on-year, respectively, and these pigs were slaughtered around the Spring Festival. The third is the number of newborn piglets. The number of newborn piglets in the early stage has increased more, and these pigs will be slaughtered in about 6 months, and the later market will increase. Comprehensive judgment, around the Spring Festival, pig slaughter will not be less than the same period last year, coupled with the post-holiday pork consumption into the off-season, pig prices are obviously downtrending, pig breeding may enter a phased loss.
In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will focus on the following work: First, strengthen forecasting and early warning. It is necessary to issue early warning information in a timely manner, guide the farm to follow the trend of slaughtering fat pigs, and avoid losses caused by excessive pen pressing. At present, the number of breeding sows in the country is higher than a reasonable level, and we also hope that the majority of farms will stabilize the number of high-quality breeding sows and take measures to deal with the decline in pig prices in advance. Second, strengthen capacity regulation. Strengthen the production capacity regulation and control mainly for breeding sows, stabilize long-term support policies such as environmental protection, loans, and insurance, maintain the stability of pig production capacity in a reasonable range, and avoid big ups and downs in production. Third, strengthen epidemic prevention and control. It is necessary to guide all localities to do a good job in the normalization of the prevention and control of African swine fever, coordinate the prevention and control of pig epidemic diarrhea and other diseases, continuously improve the biosecurity level of pig farms, and ensure that the epidemic situation is stable and does not rebound. Fourth, strengthen market regulation. In the period of low pig prices before, during and after the Spring Festival, it is necessary to start the government pork reserve in a timely manner in conjunction with relevant departments, link with production capacity regulation, and strive to do a good job in stable pig production and supply and price stabilization.
Thank you!
China Sannong release reporter:
In the past year, the mainland's economic development has undergone multiple tests, as have the agricultural and rural sectors. How did we make last year in consolidating and expanding the achievements in poverty alleviation? What are the next steps to consolidate the results? Thank you.
Zeng Yande:
This task is an important task of our "three rural areas" work, which is two bottom lines: one is to ensure the bottom line of national food security, and the other is the bottom line of not returning to poverty on a large scale. It should be said that with the support of all localities and departments at all levels in this task in the past year, the achievements have been obvious. For specific information, please ask Xu Jianmin, director of the comprehensive department of the National Rural Revitalization Bureau, to answer.
Xu Jianmin:
Thank you for your question, and thank you for your attention to poverty alleviation and consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation. As Chief Master Zeng said just now, consolidating and expanding the achievements in poverty alleviation is the bottom-line task of rural revitalization.
2022 is a year of deepening the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. This year, all regions and departments deeply studied and implemented the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions, implemented the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, coordinated epidemic prevention and control and consolidated and expanded the achievements in poverty alleviation, and vigorously grasped the implementation of responsibilities, policies and work, and achieved remarkable results. To sum up, there are three main landmark achievements.
First, the monitoring and support mechanism to prevent poverty return has played an effective role, achieving early detection, early intervention and early assistance, and no large-scale return to poverty has occurred. More than 65 per cent of the targets of poverty prevention monitoring have eliminated the risk of falling back into poverty throughout the year, and the rest have implemented assistance measures that can also eliminate the risk after a period of effort.
Second, the employment situation of the labor force that has been lifted out of poverty has remained stable. It's not easy. This year, we effectively overcame the impact of the epidemic, and the annual employment scale of the poverty alleviation labor force reached 32.78 million, an increase of 1.33 million over the end of 2021, exceeding the annual target of 2.59 million.
Third, the incomes of poverty alleviated areas and people have increased rapidly. It is estimated that in 2022, the per capita disposable income of farmers in poverty alleviation counties and the per capita net income of the people who have been lifted out of poverty will continue to be higher than the average level of farmers in the country.
This year is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and it is also a key year to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively link rural revitalization. We will focus on consolidating and expanding the achievements in poverty alleviation from four aspects.
The first is to implement a mechanism. This mechanism is the monitoring and support mechanism for preventing poverty from falling back mentioned earlier, and we will increase the intensity of investigation to ensure early detection, early intervention and early assistance to rural households at risk of falling back into poverty and causing poverty, so as to eliminate the risk of falling back into poverty and causing poverty in the bud.
Second, grasp the two key areas. These two regions are, first, 160 national rural revitalization key counties, and second, 35,000 relocation centers for poverty alleviation and relocation nationwide. We will increase support for fiscal, financial, talent, land and other policies to accelerate the development of these key areas.
The third is to grasp two key measures. It is employment assistance and industrial assistance, supporting and driving the people who have the ability to work to get rid of poverty, monitoring targets to get rich through hard work, ensuring that the employment scale of the poverty alleviation labor force is stable at more than 30 million people throughout the year, and the per capita net operating income of the poverty alleviation population has steadily increased.
Fourth, make good use of the four supporting forces. It is to deepen the cooperation between the east and the west, the designated assistance of central units, the assistance of villagers and social forces, form a "trinity" of special assistance, industry assistance and social assistance, unite all parties, consolidate and expand the great achievements in poverty alleviation, and firmly hold the bottom line of not returning to poverty on a large scale.
Thank you!
Science and Technology Daily reporter:
In recent years, the supporting role of science and technology in the development of the mainland's agricultural and rural economy has been significantly enhanced, in 2022, what are the new highlights and new achievements in science and technology in the operation of agricultural and rural economy? Thank you.
Zeng Yande:
Thank you for your question. We often say that the fundamental solution to agricultural modernization lies in science and technology. In recent years, the Party Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to agricultural scientific and technological innovation, intensified their work, and strengthened their policy support. Overall, the overall level of agricultural science and technology innovation in the mainland has entered the world's first square. In 2022, the contribution rate of national agricultural science and technology progress will reach 62.4%, which can be said to be a solid step forward in agricultural science and technology self-reliance. We conclude that there are three highlights of agricultural science and technology innovation last year:
First, the pace of major scientific and technological innovation has accelerated. We have launched key core technology research in agriculture, major agricultural biological breeding projects, core seed source and new variety cultivation, chassis technology, hilly agricultural machinery and other fields We have made phased breakthroughs. Some original scientific and technological achievements lead the world. Among them, the self-cultivated "Huaxi cattle" passed the national approval, and the market share of the independent new breed of white feather broiler reached 15%, and the problem of "stuck neck" of the core seed source was alleviated.
Second, the building of strategic scientific and technological forces has been accelerated. It is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, the talent team is stronger. We have proposed and cultivated a group of strategic scientists, agricultural science and technology leaders, and young outstanding scientific and technological talents, optimized the modern agricultural industrial technology system and the layout of national agricultural research institutes, and created a "national team" of agricultural science and technology innovation. At the same time, we have established a scientific and technological innovation system team from the country to the provinces, cities and counties. Second, the major innovation platform system has been further improved. In the fields of efficient breeding, cultivated land conservation, intelligent equipment and other fields, a discipline group laboratory system consisting of 34 discipline groups and 469 key laboratories has been established, and 60 national agricultural science and technology innovation alliances have been established, forming a collaborative innovation model to solve professional, industrial and regional major key technologies.
Third, agricultural science and technology service capacity has been strengthened. There are also two outstanding results in this regard: First, focus on key tasks. It is to focus on stabilizing grain supply and ensuring supply, the "science and technology strong seedlings" action, soybean science and technology self-improvement action and rapeseed green revolution science and technology action have been carried out, and nearly one million agricultural technicians have sunk front-line precision services, providing strong technical support for the loss reduction of important agricultural products and the yield of bills of lading. The second is to focus on key areas. Last year, we sent 1,557 experts to form a scientific and technological delegation to 160 key counties for rural revitalization, which injected new momentum into the industrial development of poverty alleviation areas.
In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will pay close attention to the frontier of agricultural science and technology in the world, accelerate the research of key core technologies in agriculture, strengthen the system integration of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, improve the overall efficiency of the innovation system, and provide strong scientific and technological support for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating agricultural and rural modernization.
Thank you!
Shou Xiaoli:
Two last questions.
CGTN reporter:
Expanding soybean and oilseed planting is one of the key tasks of agricultural and rural work, and the national soybean and oilseed production capacity improvement project was launched in 2022. How has it been implemented over the past year?
Pan Wenbo:
You mentioned this is the "oil bottle" problem. Increasing soybean oil production capacity and self-sufficiency rate is a major task deployed by the central government. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that with greater determination, more practical measures and higher requirements, we must do everything possible to tap the potential of domestic soybean and oil production to increase production and see measurable results. In 2022, the state launched the soybean and oilseed production capacity improvement project.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs regards the expansion of soybean and oilseed cultivation as a political task that must be completed and a major task that must be completed, and has adopted engineering measures and issued engineering tasks, focusing on two aspects: on the one hand, multi-strategy and application of expanding soybeans; On the other hand, multi-oil and oil expanders.
In terms of expanding beans, we will establish a reasonable crop rotation system. Mainly in the traditional soybean producing areas of northeast China, corn and soybean rotation are developed. In the northwest, Huang-Huai-Hai, southwest, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, suitable areas were selected, and soybean and corn belt compound planting was promoted for the first time this year, with a total of more than 40,000 business entities in 1,047 counties in 16 provinces to undertake. In terms of oil expansion materials, it is mainly to develop and use the southern winter idle fields to expand the planting of winter rape, develop spring rape in the northwest region according to local conditions, actively develop peanuts in the Huanghuaihai Sea, the northern agricultural and animal husbandry belt, and the northwest region, and develop some characteristic oil seeds according to local conditions, including flax, sesame, oil sunflower, etc.
After the joint efforts of many parties, the soybean oil production capacity improvement project in 2022 has achieved a "good start". Just now, Chief Master Zeng also introduced that soybean production has reached a new level. According to statistics, the area of soybeans reached 154 million mu, an increase of 27.43 million mu, which is the highest area since 1958 (191 million mu in 1957, which is the highest since the founding of the People's Republic of China); the output has reached 20 million tons for the first time, a record high. The soybean self-sufficiency rate increased by 3 percentage points last year alone. Oil production has also steadily expanded, with rapeseed area reaching 109 million mu, an increase of nearly 4 million mu over the previous year, and a recovery increase for the fourth consecutive year, with output reaching 15.53 million tons, an increase of 810,000 tons, and the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil increased by 1.6 percentage points.
In order to complete the tasks assigned by the central government, we must see the measurable results every year, and the self-sufficiency rate of soybean oil has been improved every year, and in 2023, we will continue to work hard for a long time to ensure that the area of soybean oil is stable at more than 350 million mu, and strive to expand soybean oil by more than 10 million mu, increase the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil by 1 percentage point, and strive to see new results every year and firmly stabilize the "oil bottle" of Chinese.
Recently, everyone may also pay attention to the bumper harvest of soybeans last year, and after the harvest, new beans are on the market, and market purchase and sales have become a hot spot in all aspects. We dispatched the situation, affected by the weak downstream consumption, the purchase price of soybeans in the new season opened high and low, and the progress of soybean purchases in the northeast region was slow. But in general, the gap between soybean production and demand in the mainland is still large, with the optimization of epidemic prevention and control policies, the order of production and life in various places has been restored, logistics blockages have gradually opened, schools have opened one after another after the Spring Festival, downstream consumption such as catering and processing has become stronger, and the soybean market is expected to stabilize and recover. We are discussing with relevant departments to study and introduce measures to promote the connection between soybean production and marketing, and hope that processing and circulation enterprises will seize the opportunity to purchase and process more high-quality domestic soybeans produced by ourselves. In order to promote the connection of soybean production and marketing, our department has also increased the acceptance of hotlines, soybean growers, distributors, processing enterprises in the purchase and sales of any problems and suggestions, please call the "010-59199459" hotline, we will answer in time, timely handling.
Thank you!
China Daily reporter:
We all know that affected by the epidemic, the pressure on farmers to increase income has been very great in recent years. Can you tell us about the income of farmers last year? What measures will we take next to broaden the channels for farmers to increase their income and become rich? Thank you.
Zeng Yande:
Thank you for your question. We often say that stabilizing production and ensuring supply is the primary task of our agricultural and rural departments, and there is also a saying that increasing peasants' incomes is the central task of the "three rural areas" work, and it is placed in a very high position. At present, the key to smoothing the urban and rural economic cycle is to stimulate domestic demand, and driving rural domestic demand is the most potential. We all know that rural consumption is generally insufficient, and the corresponding potential is the greatest, and the main focus on rural domestic demand depends on farmers' income. Last year, while making all-out efforts to do a good job in grain and agricultural production, our agricultural and rural departments at all levels placed the promotion of increasing peasants' incomes in an important position, mainly to develop industries, stabilize employment, and promote entrepreneurship. The National Bureau of Statistics announced that in 2022, the per capita disposable income of mainland rural residents will be 20,133 yuan, which is the first time to step up to a new level of 20,000. The real increase was 4.2%, and the urban-rural income gap was 2.45, which narrowed a little, which is indeed not easy. In the past year, farmers' incomes and pockets have bulged a little, which has provided important support for smoothing the urban and rural economic cycle.
However, it should also be noted that the cost of agricultural production is running at a high level, the employment pressure of farmers is greater, and the situation of increasing income is not optimistic. In the next step, we will further intensify our efforts, strengthen the implementation of measures, and make efforts to broaden the channels for farmers to increase income and become rich.
First, it is necessary to consolidate and improve production capacity and increase production and income. The operating income of peasant households accounts for about one-third of the total income and is an important source of income. Food production is the main thing, and of course there are other diversified operating incomes. It is necessary to increase production and income, launch a new round of 100 billion jin of grain production capacity improvement action, consolidate the foundation of food security in an all-round way, and let limited arable land produce more food and produce more benefits. To increase business income, it is necessary to promote the socialization of agricultural services and mechanization of production, reduce production costs, and improve operational efficiency. It is also necessary to promote policies to preserve capital, improve the guarantee mechanism for farmers' income from grain cultivation, and improve the "trinity" policy system of price, subsidy and insurance, so that farmers can earn money and gain more benefits from agricultural grain cultivation.
Second, we must promote industrial integration to improve efficiency and increase income.
Third, it is necessary to promote employment, entrepreneurship, job expansion, and income.
Fourth, deepen reform and innovation to empower and increase income. The focus is on two aspects: on the one hand, it is necessary to steadily promote the reform of the rural land system, standardize and guide the circulation of rural contracted land, explore the effective form of realizing the "separation of powers" of homesteads, activate rural "sleeping resources", and let farmers obtain more property income. On the other hand, deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system, develop a new type of rural collective economy, and guide all localities to explore development models such as resource contracting, property leasing, and intermediary services in accordance with local conditions, so as to ensure that collective assets are preserved and increased and farmers share benefits.
Thank you!
Shou Xiaoli:
Thank you publishers, and thank you journalists. That's it for today's press conference, see you soon!
Editor: Han Yuke
Source: Guoxin.com