Low-orbit satellite communication is an important track for the future industry that the world has paid attention to and laid out in recent years, and it is of great significance to promote the integration of "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" in all aspects of network coverage, terminal form and application scenarios. In the process of promotion, we should pay close attention to the problems of low-orbit satellite communication network construction is still imperfect, key core technologies need to be broken, and supporting regulatory laws and regulations and industrial policy systems need to be further improved. In this regard, the Radio Management Research Institute of CCID Research Institute suggested that we should make all-round efforts from the construction of low-orbit satellite communication infrastructure, increase the intensity of key core technology research, and the coordination of upstream and downstream industrial chains, and seize the commanding heights of the integrated development of "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication".
First, it is of great significance to support the integration and development of mobile phones and low-orbit satellite communications
"Mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" is an inevitable choice to conform to the future trend of network evolution. With the large-scale commercial use of global 5G networks entering the fast lane, the strategic layout of 6G research and development in various countries has been fully launched. Mainland IMT-2030 (6G Promotion Group recently released the "6G Overall Vision and Potential Key Technologies" pointed out that 6G will achieve seamless global coverage of air-space-space integration, and the satellite-ground integrated networking technology will be one of the important potential technologies of 6G. In recent years, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense and other departments have intensively issued policy documents to support the development of the satellite communications industry, and actively deployed the development of satellite communications industries in the short, medium and long term stages to promote the development of "the integration of heaven and earth".
"Mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" is expected to open a new development direction in the mobile phone Red Sea market. According to the 2021 full-year data released by Counterpoint, the top five manufacturers are vivo, OPPO, Apple, Xiaomi and Honor, with market shares of 22%, 21%, 16%, 15% and 10% respectively. Head manufacturers regardless of technology or service level are very high, and divided the vast majority of market share, in the market segment of the current situation, mobile phone sales growth is slow, and innovation and development space tends to saturate. In the face of a complex industry development environment and fierce external competition, it is necessary to aim at forward-looking and revolutionary innovative technologies and accelerate the integration and development of the mobile phone industry and the low-orbit satellite communication industry, so as to meet the escalating consumer demand of users and open a new development direction of the mobile phone industry, which is also an important layout to seize the commanding heights of the future mobile phone industry.
"Mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" is a powerful means to build a new space for information consumption in the future. On the one hand, "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" will open up a new market for the mobile phone industry, further expand and strengthen the domestic mobile phone industry, which is in line with the strategic base point of the mainland to expand domestic demand, help to further stimulate the domestic super-large-scale market advantages and domestic demand potential, and contribute to the promotion of the domestic cycle. On the other hand, "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" can not only effectively expand the scope of the digital economy, enrich the application scenarios of information consumption, and promote the development of the digital economy, but also drive the rapid development of the entire upstream and downstream industry chain of the mobile phone and satellite communication industry. Relevant data show that in the next 5 years, the construction scale of low-orbit communication satellite networking will exceed 10 billion, and the market size of the whole industry chain of low-orbit satellite communication will also exceed 100 billion. Whether it is satellite manufacturing, launching, or terminal manufacturing such as new network equipment and mobile phones, or operating services and content production, it will produce considerable chemical reactions due to the collision between the mobile phone industry and the satellite communication industry.
Second, the advanced layout of "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" needs to pay attention to the problem
The construction of low-orbit satellite communication networks needs to be further accelerated. From a global perspective, the mainland started late in the field of low-orbit satellite communications, and there is still a certain gap with the international advanced level. The United States, the European Union, Russia, Japan and other countries or regions have attached great importance to this field and deployed for many years, and since 1997, the number of low-orbit satellites launched by various countries has been increasing. The number of low-orbit satellites launched by the leader SpaceX of the United States SpaceX has exceeded 17,000, and the total number of satellites in the low-orbit communication satellite program announced abroad has exceeded 24,000. The continental low-orbit satellite communication layout is undergoing the start-up stage, and the launch progress is far behind starchain. In addition, although the main body of low-orbit satellite construction in China has blossomed, its strength is scattered. Although China Aerospace Science and Technology and China Aerospace Science and Industry Group have launched their own research and development plans and goals, and private enterprises such as Galaxy Aerospace and Nine-Day Microstar have also launched low-orbit satellite constellation plans, the construction entities still need to increase cooperation. The construction of low-orbit satellite communications urgently needs to coordinate the strength of the state and social capital from a high level of the state, and build a low-orbit satellite communication network that is independent and controllable, safe and credible, and can be commercially available on the mainland as soon as possible.
Key core technologies need further breakthroughs. First, limited by the current technical level and product form, "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" mainly adopts the transit method, and it is difficult to realize direct communication between mobile phones and low-orbit satellites. At present, there are technical difficulties in the small form of miniaturized mobile phones with large satellite antennas with higher transmission power, and mobile phone batteries are also difficult to ensure the normal endurance of high-power low-orbit satellite communications. In addition, mobile phones to achieve low-orbit satellite communications require customization of baseband chips to integrate terrestrial mobile communications and low-orbit satellite communication basebands with large frequency band spans to ensure the sensitivity of signal switching and transceiver. Second, it is necessary to speed up breakthroughs in technologies that reduce satellite launch costs, such as "one arrow and many satellites." Methods such as "one arrow and multiple satellites" and rocket recovery can effectively reduce the cost of satellite launches, but their technical difficulties are high. Although the mainland has completed the launch of one arrow and 22 satellites, ranking fourth in the world, it still needs to continuously improve the integrated multi-satellite launcher to enhance the level of "one arrow and multiple satellites". In addition, in terms of recycling technology, although the mainland has mastered some recyclable technologies, fully recyclable technologies have not yet been realized. Third, it is necessary to speed up the breakthrough of technical problems related to low-orbit satellite communication networks. On the one hand, there are difficulties such as the laying of constellations in orbit, inter-satellite communication payloads and inter-satellite communication interference; on the other hand, due to the natural cross-border coverage and global communication characteristics of satellite communications, it is necessary to obtain the permission and coordination of countries and regions, and it is necessary to realize the support of ground terminals and satellite constellations for low-orbit satellite communication signals in various frequency bands, and the feasibility of global networking needs to be further demonstrated.
The supporting regulatory laws and regulations and industrial policy system need to be further improved. First, low-orbit satellite communications will bring challenges to the supervision of space network security. Satellites do not need to pass through the domestic terrestrial network system, direct cross-border communication, breaking through the terrestrial Internet information security supervision. Satellite communication terminals in mainland China can directly transmit data information to overseas gateway stations through satellite constellations in orbit, which poses a new challenge to network security. Second, the market access restrictions of the "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" industry are relatively strict. "Relatively closed, partial to national defense" is the mainland aerospace industry long-term formation of the development model, although some private enterprises have participated in the investment in low-orbit satellite communications, but the "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communications" market still has stricter access restrictions, lack of diversified investment subjects.
Third, a few suggestions
Do a good job in the top-level design of low-orbit satellite communications at the national level, and accelerate the construction of low-orbit satellite communication networks. The first is to formulate and introduce guiding documents for the development of low-orbit satellite communications at the national level to achieve the coordination of the main forces of low-orbit satellite communications. Coordinate the forces of the state and social capital, encourage cooperation between relevant enterprises, and continuously improve the low-orbit satellite network by launching more low-orbit satellites and expanding the coverage area of satellite networks. The second is to increase communication and coordination with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), and actively participate in the formulation of international rules for space and the construction of space governance mechanisms. On the one hand, in accordance with THE ITU rules on the allocation of spectrum for low-orbit satellites on a first-come, first-served basis, increase communication and consultation with other countries to proactively strive for spectrum and orbital resources. On the other hand, actively participate in the establishment of an industry application access system, explore the formulation of regulations, policies and industry standards related to space communication management, for example, can coordinate countries and regions through the deployment of ground gateway stations to determine the destination of their own communication services and the location of re-landing, in order to ensure the safety of space network security. The third is to do a good job of synergy and complementarity with 5G and aim to evolve to 6G. Do a good job in the integration and application of low-orbit satellite communication and 5G technology in scenarios such as relay to station, cell backhaul, dynamic communication, and hybrid multi-wave, and prepare for the integration of ground mobile and satellite mobile communication standards, terminal equipment, network architecture and other multi-party integration in the 6G era, so as to help the construction of "heaven and earth" digital information infrastructure and make up for the "digital divide".
Coordinate the efforts of all parties to accelerate the key core technology research of "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication". The first is to speed up the difficulty of "one arrow and multiple satellites", solve the problems of rocket attitude control, satellite operation orbit, and radio interference between satellites, and achieve a breakthrough in the fully recyclable technology of rockets, and reduce the cost of satellite launch in many aspects. The second is to speed up the solution of difficult problems such as inter-satellite communication interference, ground signal interference blockage, and unified networking protocol for inter-heaven and earth information networks in low-orbit satellite communication networks, and increase international coordination efforts to strive to achieve support for multi-band low-orbit satellite communication signals by ground terminals and satellite constellations. The third is to accelerate the research and development of future mobile phones that support direct-linked low-orbit satellite communications. Increase the research and development of key core products such as high-transmit power small-size antennas, broadband baseband chips, and high-density batteries, promote the miniaturization of mobile phones/satellite antennas, stronger battery life, and better ability of "mobile phone + satellite" communication baseband chips, and strive for an early breakthrough in the integration terminal of "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" to win new advantages in the future mobile phone industry.
Increase the coordination of relevant upstream and downstream industrial chains to help open up a new track for information consumption. The first is to increase the coordination of upstream and downstream industrial chains from satellite manufacturing to launch to ground equipment and terminal manufacturing, as well as operation services, and reduce the comprehensive cost of low-orbit satellite communications. The second is to increase investment in the manufacture of mobile phones adapted to low-orbit satellite communications, and promote the expansion of mobile phone application scenarios to the advantages of low-orbit satellite communications. On the one hand, encourage domestic mobile phone leading enterprises to lay out low-orbit satellite communications in advance, and develop high-quality mobile phones with excellent performance, moderate prices and seamless switching between terrestrial 5G networks and low-orbit satellite communications as soon as possible, so as to promote "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" to ordinary consumers. On the other hand, we can learn from foreign experience to relax the restrictions on market access in areas related to the application of "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" and promote the diversification of market players. The third is to broaden the application scenarios, for example, the application of low-orbit satellite communication to the air Internet can effectively reduce the cost of satellite-based air Internet communication and provide more economical and efficient Internet services. In addition, it can also combine "mobile phone + low-orbit satellite communication" with outdoor adventures, field expeditions and digital villages to continuously enrich application scenarios and activate new potential for information consumption.
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