【Digression】
I have been reading "The History of Ru Linwai" for a long time, but Du Shaoqing, an important figure, has not written it.
There are fans urging in the background.
I thought few people read such words—really, it would be hard to read if you hadn't read the book in earnest. Surprise and emotion, it can also be regarded as a little motivation.
But still haven't written for a long time.
Because I always felt that I had not seen through Du Shaoqing.
Such an outstanding person cannot only look at it from the perspective of the world. It is also irresponsible to comment without truly understanding his inner world.
It's easy to write casually, but once you start to get serious, it feels like it's hard to write.
A discovery to see for a long time, to think for a long time, a thought to brew for a long time, there will be a lot of things that can not be found, or found but still do not understand, need to be like a detective, in the complex material to find clues, to complete it. A character's story will be circling in the mind for a long time, and it is not as easy as imagined to really understand it.
In order to find the ideological basis for his behavior, to read books on Wei Jin's demeanor, to turn over various psychological views, to study the people around him who intersect...
But the thinking is still very messy.
It's my limited thoughts that can't reach a deeper understanding.
Even sometimes feel discouraged – what is this for? Who do you think you are? How about thinking through? Sleeping at night, worrying and thinking, others are singing at night, and they are also living very well...
What's more, this kind of study, many times to say better, can only be regarded as a dragon slaying skill, but where is the dragon? To put it bluntly, it is flashy, and those successful teachers in the secular sense, just shrewdly grasping the grades, are enough to raise their eyes and look at all sentient beings.
Really, a lot of times there's this feeling of powerlessness, frustration.
War, epidemic, air crash... It's all exacerbating this feeling... But you can't seem to do anything? If one is not careful, it becomes the shameless slag of rubbing traffic.
Anyway, I'm going to write it.
【Du Shaoqing's Rebellion】
Many people say that Du Shaoqing is a rebel.
The Du family was a magnate in Tianchang County, and his ancestors had several jinshi and raised people, served as high officials, and also had land properties. Du Shaoqing's great-grandfather was a champion, and his father was the governor of Ganzhou.
The ideal future for the children of the family is naturally to study and become an official.
However, although Du Shaoqing had read the book, he seemed to have read it quite well, but he refused to go to the examination and become an official.
What did Du Shaoqing do all day?
Loser.
The furniture left by the ancestors is about 10,000 taels of silver. Du Shaoqing didn't care about money, and said to his brother Du Shenqing, "He is a nerd, he is like hundreds of thousands." Tattooed silver nine seven, he can't recognize it. It is better to be a big old official. When he heard some bitterness from the people, he gave them to others. ”
When jun did not see him, a group of people around him regarded him as a wronged head and surrounded him with wool:
Fourth Master Wei came to eat, drink and fight the autumn wind.
Bao Tingxi came to ask for money to run an opera class.
Tailor Yang came to ask for coffin clothes for his mother's funeral.
Huang Da was retaliated against for stealing and destroyed the house, and also came to ask for money to repair the house.
Third Master Zang accepted three hundred taels that others bought xiucai, but he used that money to make up for his life, and even asked Du Shaoqing to repay other people's capital.
Zhang Tiejian, the hero who cheated Lou Gongzi of five hundred taels of silver in the front of the "Head Society", transformed into a doctor Zhang Junmin, and begged Du Shaoqing to send silver to his son to take the exam.
The housekeeper Wang Beard sold land for him, secretly stole food, and helped Zhang Junmin and Bao Tingxi to plot how to ask him for money, and on the way to Nanjing, he turned twenty-two pieces of silver and ran away...
This is written in the open, and there are also secretly written. They are all ready to go to Nanjing, why did they make trouble for half a year before they went?
The people of the clan saw him throwing money like this to seek property. If you don't squeeze his oil and water dry, how can you be willing to let him go?
In this way, the tianshan family property was almost destroyed, and only a thousand handfuls of silver were left, ready to live in Nanjing.
Shaoqing is not only a loser, but also like Jia Baoyu, who hates the economy of Shitu in "Dream of the Red Chamber".
Wang Yanshang had a birthday, invited the county grand master, asked Shaoqing to accompany the guests, he did not go; others reminded him to visit Zhi County, he did not go; the imperial court recruited him to be an official, he pretended to be ill and resigned...
In shaoqing's eyes, Wang Zhixian, who was desperately trying to curry favor, was nothing more than "a jinshi in a gray pile, and I don't want to worship me as a teacher", and sharply pointed out the purpose of Wang Zhixian asking him to go to the meeting: "It is not always a matter of honoring the virtuous and loving talents, but I want people to worship the protégés to receive some gifts."
Gao Hanlin said, "Shaoqing is the first scum of the Du family." The local clan regards Du Shaoqing as a negative teaching material and teaches the children of the clan not to learn from Du Shaoqing.
In this way, the loser is undoubted, rebellious, and it seems that this is indeed the case.
However, Du Shaoqing was very similar to his father in his bones.
He vigorously defended the family traditions and the reputation of his elders as officials; he was both respectful and generous to those who spoke well of his grandparents and had intersected with his ancestors.
Cousin Du Shenqing said, "Whoever says that he has seen his grandfather is respected even a dog." "So that those who come to cheat money, as long as they master this routine, they will never return empty-handed, and the housekeeper Wang Beard is even more skilled in using this trick."
So, isn't that a contradiction?
In my opinion, Du Shaoqing's rebellion is not aimed at his family, but at society.
Why did Shao qing not want to take the examination and become an official?
From a certain point of view, it is precisely the protection of the family and the clear name of the father.
How did his father become an official?
Du Shenqing said, "My uncle is a clean official."
Gao Hanlin said that Shaoqing's ancestors had practiced medicine for dozens of generations and earned a lot of land property; his grandfather "had been an official for decades, but he would not find a money to come to the family"; his father was too conservative, "did not know how to respect his superiors, but just blindly hoped that the people would say good; day by day he said 'Dun Xiao Ti advised Nongsang's stupid words", "provoked his superiors to dislike, and got rid of an official." ”
In Gao Hanlin's view, this was a joke; but in Shao Qing's heart, this was an affirmation and admiration for the character and integrity of his father.
He refused to be an official. Li Benying wanted to recommend Du Shaoqing to the imperial court, and when he heard the news, he immediately came to the door to thank him; in the end, he pretended to be ill and refused to accept it. He half-jokingly said to his wife that he would stay with her to watch the flowers and eat wine, and to his friend Chi Hengshan, he told the truth: "The younger brother has resigned from this conquest." I can't do anything to go out, and I make people laugh, so I'd rather not go out. Du Shaoqing was not an official, on the surface, he disdained to be in the company of those "soldiers in the ash pile"; in fact, it was because he was very sober and had already seen through the cruelty of reality: his father, Ganzhou Fujun, was deeply ostracized in the official field; did not Li Benying also be wronged--his superiors sent people to pick his seal, but the people wanted to keep him.
Shao Qing was not opposed to the imperial examination itself, but to the imperial examination under the background of Cheng Zhu Lixue's gradual rigidity.
The despotism of imperial power, the shackles of thought, and the fraud of the science field, the imperial examination is no longer the original imperial examination. This point can actually be clearly seen in the literary creation of successive dynasties, you see the Tang and Song Dynasty poets and literati, they can both become officials, but also engage in creation, both hands can play very slippery; and to the Ming and Qing Eight Shares of scholars selected to become officials, can only be slaves, can not engage in literary creation, Ming and Qing novels, but most of them were written by the literati who fell in the field, such as Wu Jingzi and Cao Xueqin. In short, the imperial examination and officialdom at that time had become Vanity Fair. Once a scholar becomes an official, he often becomes an insatiable and insatiable scumbag official like Wang Hui, "taking the provenance of the writings lightly", that is, forgetting his original intention of reading and forgetting the Confucian responsibility of "cultivating oneself and ruling the country and the world".
Du Shaoqing adopted a rebellious attitude and did not hesitate to portray himself as a loser.
Well, since you are greedy for money in every way, I want to take money very lightly.
He may not be able to see the tricks of the wool party around him, and even I feel that he not only sees through it, but also carries a kind of ridicule; you are all desperately trying to drill into the camp to be officials, and I will not do it.
Sometimes it may seem deviant, but it is often closer to the essence of things.
The essence of rebellion is rebellion against reality, an indirect expression of dissatisfaction and opposition; sometimes it also stems from its own internal conflicts. If you look at the rebellion of children, they express their voices and show their attitudes through various rebellious acts.
Rebellion is actually not terrible, from another point of view, rebellion at least shows the awakening of a person's personality, the rebel is motivated by thought, at least than the muddled nightmare has a goal and power.
The rebellious person is very simple in nature, because he still has love and expectation for reality, and he even hurts himself in order to resist reality, which is much more cute than those old fritters.
【Du Shaoqing's Contradiction】
On the surface, Du Shaoqing was reluctant to take the examination and become an official, but in his bones he was really a pure reader, and compared with those who read books and became officials, he was actually more loyal and could understand the connotation of Confucianism more deeply.
You see his interpretation of poems such as "Kaifeng" and "Female Chicken Song" in the Book of Poetry, he has his own understanding and thinking, unlike Mr. Ma Er and Chi Hengshan as an endorsement machine.
The "filial piety" and "benevolence" advocated by Confucianism were almost strictly observed.
He had great respect for his father's doorman Lou Laopa, "raising himself at home as an ancestor, and having to serve himself in the morning and night", and even his wife personally "simmered ginseng" and "sent ginseng". Later, he followed his wishes to send him back to his hometown, and after Mrs. Lou died of illness, he personally went to the sacrifice, which was deep and touching.
Needless to say, no one is more like a chivalrous person than him. He lived with Guo Xiaozi, but respected his filial piety of traveling the world for more than twenty years to find his father, did not avoid the suspicion of treason, left him at home to rest, washed clothes with his wife Zhang Luo, treated wine and hospitality, asked for Dr. Yu's introduction letter for him, and found clothes for him to prepare for him.
Wang Zhixian was in trouble, he was stripped of his seal, the people who had previously begged him had changed their faces, no one had borrowed a house for him to live in, and he was in a hurry to die, so Shaoqing called the housekeeper to invite him to live in his garden. Seeing no, everyone else went to the icing on the cake, but Shao Qing sent charcoal in the snow.
Shen Qiongzhi fell into distress, and Du Shaoqing praised her, "The salt merchants are rich and luxurious, and how many scholars and doctors see them and lose their souls; you are a weak woman, you regard it as a mustard, this is very respectable!" He also gave away poetry and silver.
……
But at the same time, he also rebelled against feudal etiquette with various deviant behaviors and challenged social customs such as the "Three Principles and Five Constants".
Some of his ideas are actually very trendy, far ahead of his contemporaries, if in the modern era, he must be a hipster, the kind that can be searched for hotly at every turn.
He doesn't take concubines. Don't believe in feng shui. In public, he traveled to the mountains with his wife's hand...
While mocking the bad habits of society, he always pays attention to society and thinks about various social issues.
For example, regarding the view of "concubines", he also prescribed medicine for the imperial court, which won the admiration of Chi Hengshan: "If the prime minister is willing to be so careful, the world can be immediately peaceful!" ”
For example, for Chi Hengshan's proposal to restore the Taibo Temple, he was very much in favor of this retro trend of thought, even if he was already financially strapped, he still generously donated three hundred and two silver and actively participated in various specific affairs of the Temple.
Behind Du Shaoqing's various contradictory behaviors is his adherence to his own thoughts and character. He was always sober about what he wanted, what he wanted to do, and what he couldn't do.
(To be continued)
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