1. There are nearly 300 million people with hypertension in mainland China, and less than one-third of them have been diagnosed.
Only 30.5% of patients with hypertension in mainland China were diagnosed. Of the confirmed patients, only 46.4% received treatment. Only 29.6 percent of the patients treated were able to control their blood pressure [6].
Only 4.2% of patients with high blood obediently followed the doctor's advice and controlled their blood pressure within a safe range!
Most people are unaware that they have become a reserve for high blood pressure, and they do not find out that they have high blood pressure until the physical examination.
2. If you belong to 1 of the following populations, be careful that high blood pressure finds you, don't change it!
People with a family history;
People who are easily agitated, due to sympathetic excitement leads to an increase in adrenaline levels, causing an increase in blood pressure;
"Heavy taste" people, refers to people with high salt intake;
People who are addicted to alcohol and tobacco;
Work or life is too stressful.
3. If you are unfortunate enough to be diagnosed with high blood pressure, you can standardize treatment and live like a normal person.
Controlling blood pressure at normal values (generally below 140/90 mmHg) reduces the overall risk of cardio-cerebral and vascular complications and death [7].
4. Lifestyle interventions are necessary regardless of the treatment used, but many people do not pay attention to it.
These measures are effective for lowering blood pressure and reducing dangerous conditions such as cardiovascular disease, have you done it?
(1) Reduce sodium salt intake, and the daily salt intake per person is gradually reduced
(2) Eat a reasonable and healthy diet and reduce saturated fat and cholesterol intake.
(3) Weight loss (weight control, body fat index BMI is controlled at 18.5kg/m2~23.9kg/m2, male waist circumference < 90cm, female <85cm).
(4) Quit smoking completely and avoid passive smoking.
(5) Do not drink or restrict alcohol consumption.
(6) Multi-exercise, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise; 4 to 7 times a week; each time for 30 to 60min.
(7) Reduce mental stress, maintain psychological balance and good sleep.
The good news is that the antihypertensive effects of these measures have been proven [7]:
Insist on eating less than 6g of table salt per day, systolic blood pressure, that is, high pressure can drop by an average of 2 to 8 mmHg;
For every 5 to 10 kg of body weight reduction, the high pressure can be reduced by 5 to 20 mmHg;
Adhere to 30 minutes of aerobic exercise 5 to 7 times a week can reduce the high pressure by 4 to 9 mmHg.
Review expert: Kuang Zemin | deputy chief physician of the Department of Hypertension, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, affiliated to Capital Medical University
bibliography
[1] ISH 2020 International Guidelines for The Practice of Hypertension (Chinese Edition)
[2] Virdis A, Giannarelli C, Neves MF, Taddei S, Ghiadoni L. Cigarette smoking and hypertension. Curr Pharm Des. 2010;16(23):2518-2525.
[3] Yang Y, Liu F, Wang L, et al. Association of Husband Smoking With Wife's Hypertension Status in Over 5 Million Chinese Females Aged 20 to 49 Years. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(3):e004924. Published 2017 Mar 20.
[4] Minzer S, Losno RA, Casas R. The Effect of Alcohol on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Is There New Information?. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):912. Published 2020 Mar 27.
[5] Wa kiewicz A, Sygnowska E. Alcohol intake and cardiovascular risk factor profile in men participating in the WOBASZ study. Kardiol Pol. 2013;71(4):359-365.
[6] Report on nutrition and chronic disease status of Chinese residents (2020)
[7] Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension in China (Revised Edition 2018)
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