When the blood pressure value is between 136 and 139mmHg/85~89mmHg, the range is called critical hypertension,
In critical hypertension, blood pressure can be reduced to between 120 and 130/70 to 80 mmHg by improving lifestyle, but these need to be adhered to from beginning to end, and once abandoned, they will develop into hypertension.
At present, the prevalence of hypertension above the critical border in the mainland population is about 13.58%, and the number of hypertensive patients has exceeded 290 million.
Stroke patients caused by hypertension are growing at a rate of more than 1.5 million people per year, and nearly 70% of many stroke patients have lost their ability to work, or even stayed in bed for life and cannot take care of themselves, which undoubtedly brings a heavy burden to patients, their families and even society.
The reason why hypertensive patients continue to increase, the main reason is that people do not understand hypertension, many people think that as long as they do not have any symptoms can be critical hypertension or even hypertension ignored, but people do not know that hypertension on the human body damage is systemic, if the blood pressure is in a high value state for a long time will also cause a lot of complications, not only seriously affect the quality of life of people, but also will directly threaten human life.
What complications can high blood pressure cause?
1. Hypertensive coronary heart disease: the human body's long-term high blood pressure will lead to arteriosclerosis throughout the body, which will cause coronary atherosclerosis, so that myocardial ischemia will occur coronary heart disease.
2. Hypertensive stroke: hypertension will lead to arteriosclerosis and the formation of blood clots, when the blood clot flows through the brain with blood, it will block the blood vessels and cause the risk of cerebral infarction and stroke.
The arteries are in a state of hardening for a long time, which will lead to a smaller amount of blood transfusion, loss of elasticity of blood vessels, and a very brittle blood vessel wall, so it is easy to rupture and bleeding from cerebral blood vessels, which will form a hemorrhagic stroke.
3, hypertensive myocardial hypertrophy: the higher the blood pressure, the greater the force consumed by the heart's blood drainage, and with the prolongation of the course of hypertension and the aggravation of the disease, the heart will gradually thicken and hypertrophy, then the heart will need more blood supply, but the coronary arteries can not increase the amount of blood transfusion with the expansion, which will lead to continuous ischemia of the myocardium, which will eventually lead to heart failure, resulting in sudden death and arrhythmias and other dangers.
From this, it can be concluded that once myocardial hypertrophy is found, antihypertensive therapy must be carried out in a timely and effective manner.
4, hypertensive kidney damage: hypertension will lead to renal ischemia, but once the kidney ischemia will lead to renin - angiotensin II secretion increased, and this renin will make blood pressure continue to rise, so it will form a vicious circle, so hypertension will lead to ischemic damage to the kidneys, and even lead to the occurrence of kidney failure.
5. Hypertensive eye disease: long-term increase in blood pressure will cause the destruction of the retinal barrier, which will lead to retinal edema, bleeding, ischemia and other lesions for a long time, and serious changes will lead to retinal detachment, and even lead to blindness.
How can people with hypertension prevent complications?
For patients with hypertension, level 1 prevention is a preventive measure for people who have not yet developed hypertension, mainly through salt restriction, potassium supplementation, increased high-quality protein intake, maintenance of adequate intake of calcium and magnesium in food, maintenance of ideal weight, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, adherence to exercise and maintaining a good mood can play a role in preventing the occurrence of hypertension.
However, level 2 prevention is mainly to prevent complications in patients with hypertension. Specifically, we must do these 4 points:
1. Rational use of antihypertensive drugs
The purpose of using antihypertensive drugs is to reduce and prevent complications, but it is also necessary to pay attention to whether the blood pressure level is appropriate, mainly according to age, the severity of hypertension and whether there are already complications.
Elderly hypertensive patients with arteriolesclerosis, generally due to increased systolic blood pressure, can be gradually reduced to 150 to 160 mm Hg, and maintain at this level can be.
If systolic blood pressure is accompanied by elevated diastolic blood pressure, it is advisable to control between 85 and 90 mm Hg.
In general, blood pressure can be reduced to the normal range of 140/90 mm Hg if there are no complications in patients with hypertension.
2. Prevent constipation
Patients with constipation should hold their breath hard because they are not easy to excrete during defecation, which will increase the negative pressure, further increase blood pressure and easily cause hemorrhagic stroke.
To prevent constipation, we must first develop the habit of defecation every day, patients with hypertension should also maintain good living habits, eat more water-containing foods and drink more fiber, drink more water, and increase the peristalsis of the intestine after meals.
Avoiding excessive force during defecation, it is really difficult to choose some drugs that help defecation appropriately.
3. Take less deep breathing
Patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease should try to take as little deep breathing as possible, especially in patients with coronary heart disease with a history of angina, if they breathe strongly deeply for 2 to 5 minutes, it will easily induce severe angina, and even induce myocardial infarction.
4. Patients with high blood pressure can eat more foods high in potassium and magnesium
Because potassium ions can dilate blood vessels and reduce vascular resistance to lower blood pressure, potassium salts can also promote the excretion of cholesterol, increase vascular elasticity, diuresis, and improve myocardial contractility.
Experts recommend that adults should consume 2 to 4 grams of potassium per day.
The main sources of potassium are vegetables, such as green leafy vegetables, fungus, soybeans, red beans, raisins and so on.
Magnesium can relax the walls of blood vessels and mental state, and is abundant in dark green vegetables and nuts.
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This article is original by [Dr. Luo Health Said], the author is a member of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, a member of the Health Communication Working Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, a health science writer, welcome to forward, comment, like, or private message with me, thank you very much!