In recent years, with the continuous development of the electric vehicle industry, more and more new ideas about new energy vehicles have begun to popularize, the most important of which is the three electric systems: motors, electronic controls, batteries, the motor system that drives the electric vehicle forward has been described before, how to reasonably distribute the power to every corner of the vehicle, so that all aspects of the vehicle can be used normally? At this time, the importance of the electronic control system is reflected, a stable electronic control system is the key to an excellent electric vehicle, so as the "big brother" of the electric vehicle industry, how does Tesla's electronic control system perform?
Tesla BMS Thermal Management System:
Before understanding Tesla's BMS system, we must first know what BMS is doing, in the simplest way to understand, BMS is the instructor in the army, and the battery is the soldier, how to make the battery in the case of ensuring safety efficient and safe to complete their task, this is the role of the BMS system, as an electric vehicle, BMS is an indispensable part, in this system that every car has, tesla what is unique?
Because Tesla is mainly fast charging, so the control of battery heat is very meaningful, and in some cases, the original power in the cell will be different problems, if left unchecked, then there will be some cells overcharge when charging, seriously affecting battery safety, so in order to make the battery stable, Tesla's BMS technology superiority is very necessary.
First of all, for Tesla, the difficulty of their BMS system is greater than many other models, Tesla using ternary lithium batteries, its battery system is composed of a large number of 21700 cylindrical ternary lithium batteries, the battery cell is order of magnitude larger, the ordinary BMS system is not enough to support such a multi-battery management, therefore, Tesla uses the master-slave architecture, that is, the "one master and four slaves" management mode, by the battery pack "Penthouse" position of the main control BMU as the center, distributed four BMS system lines, And all the battery electronic control systems are all integrated in the Penthouse position, and the high degree of integration of the electronic control system is also the capital that Tesla has always been proud of.
Tesla's BMS system has three very significant advantages:
Even with different types of batteries, Tesla's BMS system can still be well adapted due to its modular design, which can show that the system is very inclusive
The battery cell balancing method adopts a two-stage method, which improves the life of the battery cell and reduces the attenuation of the battery cell.
Tesla's BMS system has a certain learning ability, the system is connected to big data, and will learn itself according to different environments and different working states.
In terms of heat dissipation, Tesla's battery heat dissipation method is also incomparable to many manufacturers, Tesla will be sandwiched in the middle of the cylinder cell, combined with the regulation of the system, you can adjust the temperature control of a certain area or even a single battery, which is the use of traditional heat dissipation of other new energy vehicle companies can not do, so in the BMS thermal management system of the electronic control, Tesla's advantages are very obvious.
In the field of new energy, there is another brand that deserves people's attention, that is, Weilai, which has always been a domestic high-end brand, why is it Weilai? Because the biggest idea of this car company compared to Tesla is different, because this brand has been doing research in the field of power exchange, since it is necessary to change the power, then the battery management system of Weilai must have obvious differences, so that the car can be used smoothly.
The characteristics of Weilai BMS is not the advantages of Tesla technology, but the clarity of its thinking, compared to Tesla, Weilai pays more attention to the deep digging of power battery cloud data, for Weilai's BMS system, because after each battery replacement, its battery data will produce a certain degree of change, how to make this change does not affect the use, which is the key to the Weilai BMS system.
Technically, every time the battery is replaced, Weilai's BMS can smoothly disconnect from the previous battery, and successfully match the next battery, which is a more difficult job, whether it is hardware or software, so Weilai focuses on overcoming the BMS cloud data processing and uploading, so that every power change, for the system is to perform prepared work, so that the vehicle can still have a normal and stable performance after replacing the new battery.
MCU chip for vehicle-to-machine systems
Speaking of the use of vehicles, the chip of the car machine system is a problem that cannot be bypassed, especially like Tesla, which integrates all content in one area of the vehicle, smooth system operation is very important, Tesla's car machine system chip has developed three generations so far, from MCU 1.0 to today's MCU3.0, every progress is obvious, then Tesla each generation of MCU is not the ability to lead the times?
MCU1.0：NVIDIA Tegra 3
The chip was first put into use in 2012, is Tesla's first generation of car system MCU, at that time, this chip is also a very good product in the industry, using 40 nanometer process technology, DDR3 memory module, 12.4GOPS computing speed, if put to now, this MCU is undoubtedly a backward product, but ten years ago, many vehicles did not have intelligent concepts, mobile phones or iPhone5 era, the chip can be called the top level.
MCU2.0：intrl Atom A3950
As a Tesla owner, my vehicle is using this piece of Astro Boy is called asa a child's Intel chip, if you look at the way you look at the mobile phone, this 2018 product does not seem to be so good, but for another car chip that is still in batch use, Snapdragon 820a, as a work that has been eliminated, it is still competitive enough.
Atom A3950 chip using X86 architecture to build, using 14 nanometer thread production, compared to the previous generation has been a qualitative leap, 4GB of DDR4 memory, 64GB eMMc storage, the speed of computing is more than ten times the previous generation, to 187GFLOPS, different from other car companies, Tesla uses a closed-loop system setting, so in all aspects of the hardware level equivalent to Snapdragon 820a, the long-term use of the system fluency is more stable, The problem of stuttering rarely occurs, and the ecological concept of the car machine system has been developed to a new stage, which is undoubtedly very positive.
MCU3.0 AMD AMD Ryzen
Came to the current batch use of the third generation of car machine chips, Tesla once again achieved a qualitative breakthrough, if you want to give the level of the car machine chip a list, then Tesla AMD Ryzen can be in the forefront without controversy, this can completely drive a large number of AAA game masterpiece chip, for a vehicle's entertainment system is undoubtedly a chicken with a cattle knife, then compared to the previous generation, AMD chip what is so powerful?
Compared with the previous generation of Astro Boy, the CPU of amD chip uses 7nm process technology, DDR4 memory comes to 8/16GB, compared to the Snapdragon 820a and Atom A3950 that are still using 64GB flash memory, AMD directly uses 256GB of solid-state drives, achieving cross-level progress, and in terms of GPU, its computing power is increased by an order of magnitude, reaching 1700GFLOPS, enough system redundancy to leave enough space for future car system upgrades. For the modification and upgrading of the AMD chip this time, it is not only reflected in the game, as long as it involves the use of the screen, the AMD chip will bring enough surprises.
Speaking of which, I have to talk about some differences between the entertainment system chips currently used by Tesla and other independent brands, most of the current independent brands are using Snapdragon 820a and Snapdragon 8155 two chips, these two chips compared to Tesla's Astro Boy and AMD, how is the performance?
As can be seen from the table, the performance of these four chips from low to high is A3950< Snapdragon 820a< Snapdragon 8155< AMD Ryzen, but the hardware determines the upper limit, the software determines the lower limit, such as the earliest version of the Snapdragon 820a ZEEKR 001, in theory, the zeeKR 001's machine fluency should be at least up to the level of the old Tesla, but from the initial feedback, zeeKR 001's early car machine is very caton, However, the later OTA upgrade will change these software deficiencies, and the basis is a strong enough hardware level.
HW3.0 autonomous driving chip
Before there was a simple analysis of Tesla's automatic driving, for automatic driving, collecting information is important, but in order to complete a set of safe automatic driving operations, processing and output instructions is the most critical part, and among them, responsible for this set of operations, is the vehicle's own autopilot chip, Tesla's excellent auxiliary driving experience, but also closely related to this chip, so now has a large number of HW3.0 chips, what is unique in design?
The first thing that comes into view is as if the same two chips, in fact, the two chips are indeed the same, for automatic driving, in order to prevent the dangerous state caused by the failure, so the existence of backup is very important, so Tesla uses a dual-chip combination mode; around the two main chips, there are four small chips, familiar with the mobile phone industry should be clear a term called LPDDR5 memory, and Tesla uses LPDDR4 each four is a total of eight chips, Produced by Micron, it is worth mentioning that the LPDDR5 chip used in the earliest use on mobile phones is also produced by Micron, because compared to Samsung, which produces processors, Micron memory products are better.
And for computing power, Tesla's HW3.0 chip computing power to 144TOPS, many people on the AMD chip and HW3.0 chip is not very clear, in Tesla's vehicle information, the first line of AutoPilot automatic driving computer refers to HW3.0, and the third line of infotainment system processor, said AMD, the two are completely different.
Electronic control is relatively a very vague concept, in fact, any electronic accessories that play a normal role on electric vehicles can be said to be part of the electronic control system, but if you want to make people truly appreciate the advantages of the electronic control system, it is necessary to reflect the strengths, so that consumers can truly appreciate, in this regard, Tesla is doing a good job, more than ten years of down-to-earth intrusion in the field of electronic control, but also makes Tesla dare to publicize the superiority of its electronic control system, facts have proved that only the electronic control system is done well, In order to do a good job in a new energy vehicle, and this, Tesla has done.