▲ "Qianlong Emperor's Great Reading Map" - Lang Shining (Qing)
Specifications: Length 332.5cm Width 232cm
It is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing
Speaking of the Qianlong Emperor, what was your first impression?
Is it "the summer rain lotus on the shore of Daming Lake", or is it the image in "Iron Tooth Copper Tooth Ji Xiaolan"? Or is it the "Stamp Maniac"?
But our protagonist today is him, but not all of him, because we have another protagonist, Lang Shining.
Lon Shining, formerly known as Giuseppe Gastierione, holy name Joseph, Catholic Jesuit monk, painter, Milanese, Italy.
▲Images of Rousei
He came to China as a missionary in 1715 (the fifty-fourth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty), and then entered the imperial palace as a court painter, and went through the three generations of emperors of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong.
He has been engaged in painting in China for more than 50 years, and participated in the design of the Western-style building of the Yuanmingyuan, and is one of the top ten painters of the Qing Dynasty court.
Lang Shining is good at painting horses, portraits, flowers and beasts, and emphasizes the fusion of Western painting techniques with traditional Chinese brush and ink in style.
This "combination of East and West" painting method was loved by the emperor and also greatly influenced the court painting and aesthetic taste of the Qing Dynasty after the Kangxi Dynasty.
▲ Part of "Qianlong Emperor's Great Reading Map"
The Qianlong Emperor's Great Reading Picture depicts the Image of the Qianlong Emperor riding a horse. He wore a golden helmet and armor, rode on a horse, was fully armed, and wore bows and arrows to examine the majesty of the officers and men of the Eight Banners.
As the fourth emperor after entering the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty always believed that "riding and shooting is the foundation of Manchuria.".
To this end, the Qianlong Emperor attached great importance to the construction of the army, and through various activities such as the Nanyuan military parade, the Mulan Autumn Fox, and the South China Sea Ice Play, he promoted the Eight Banners to maintain strong combat effectiveness.
Of course, in the current special period, do not want to gather in groups, and remember to wear a mask when you go out!
After the first reading in Nanyuan, he ordered the court painter Lang Shining to make this painting.
▲ Part of "Qianlong Emperor's Great Reading Map"
In the painting, the Qianlong Emperor and the horse, the Western painting style is strong, the whole is very delicate, using Chinese brushes, paper silk and color, but can pay attention to the anatomy of the object and the expression of three-dimensional sense with european painting methods.
▲ Part of "Qianlong Emperor's Great Reading Map"
In the use of light, it is different from the European face method, European painters like to show the clear bumps of the face of the character under the illumination of specific light, while the traditional Chinese "photography" technique requires the subject to be unaffected by the appearance of the normal state of light change.
▲ Part of "Qianlong Emperor's Great Reading Map"
At this time, the painter was still in the stage of learning traditional Chinese painting, and the expression technique in the picture basically used traditional Chinese painting tools and materials to achieve the artistic effect of Western fine-brush oil painting.
▲ Part of "Qianlong Emperor's Great Reading Map"
Therefore, Lang Shining appropriately absorbed the traditional Chinese "photography" technique of expression, the painted characters are taken from the front light, so that the facial features are clear, the painting is quite exquisite brushstrokes delicate and soft, but also pay attention to the decent structure and three-dimensional effect, the texture of the clothes is also very strong.
Lang Shining cleverly weakened the sketching technique of the scenery and the centaur, and treated the light and shade with flat light, and the lines were almost hidden by the color after playing the role of the contour line.
▲ Part of "Qianlong Emperor's Great Reading Map"
The painting method of the clouds in the sky is all from western painting techniques, the grass leaves in the close-up scene are almost Western still life sketches, and only the structure of the distant mountains retains the Chinese painting technique of the realistic landscape of the Qing Palace.
Under Lang Shining's brush, it seems that the heroic figure of the Qianlong Emperor of that year is vividly displayed, and the figure of this mighty three armies stands proudly in this square world and earth.
Cloud on a fine selection of good things
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China's top ten auspicious paintings
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