At the end of 2015 in Nanchang, on the west bank of Poyang Lake, on a hill in Guanxi Village, Datangping Township, Xinjian District, Nanchang City, on a small hill called "Dundun Mountain" by local villagers, the archaeological excavation of a Han tomb stunned the world.
After five years of archaeological excavations, archaeologists have discovered that this Dundun Mountain, which was used by local villagers as a ancestral tomb mountain, is part of the large-scale tomb park of the Han Dynasty princely state Hai Xiahou. The entire cemetery covers an area of about 46,000 square meters, surrounded by a cemetery wall, with an east gate and a north gate, and a que outside the door. The east gate of the tomb leads directly to the purple golden city, the capital of the Marquis of Haixia. The cemetery is dotted with nine large and small tombs and a carriage and horse pit. The cemetery floor building has a variety of elements, including ancestral halls, sleeping palaces, and convenient halls (other halls other than the main hall, where emperors rested and relaxed in ancient times. The base sites of the box rooms, cemetery walls, and roads and drainage systems are clearly recognizable, just like the settings of the tomb owner when he was alive.
The interior of the main chamber of the tomb is arranged according to the same room as when the tomb owner was alive. The tomb is 2.4 meters high, divided into left and right sides, the right side is the living room of the tomb owner, on the east side, the coffin of the chief is placed, there is a shelf on the side of the coffin, there is a tent on the top, and there are living utensils in front. This is the most central part of the burial chamber. The living room is "dead as if it were a life", with a chandelier, a Boshan stove, a tray, and an ear cup, which completely reflects the enjoyment items of the tomb owner before his death. To the left of the burial chamber is the hall, and to the west is the place where the tomb owner works and entertains guests. In the hall, screens, several cases, feasting utensils and other items were found. The objects used by the tomb owner during his lifetime were placed in the main rafters and the surrounding cabinets.
The cloister around the tomb is divided into arsenals, treasuries, grain depots, and music depots, which contain cultural and historical archives, chimes, weapons, wine utensils and other entertainment utensils and daily utensils. Near the entrance to the cemetery is the garage, with cars on both sides and a guide car in the middle. Archaeologists have cleaned up and unearthed dozens of wooden figurines from the tibetan cabinet, including trick figurines, attendant figurines, carriage and horse figurines, and yizhi figurines. The wooden figurines are exquisitely made and vividly imaged. These wooden figurines are specially made for the tomb owner and are used to provide various life services for the tomb owner.
The most shocking thing is that tens of thousands of precious artifacts have been cleared out of the area. With the opening and cleaning of the main chamber of the tomb, a large number of rare and rare treasures were presented to the world:
Tens of thousands of bamboo and wooden tablets (copies of the Shu Ce and Sonata Chapters) are extremely important discoveries in the history of mainland archaeology. There are also a large number of lacquered flutes with words, ear cups, etc. These discoveries will bring many precious ancient texts to light up more than two thousand years later. These precious cultural relics will provide the present generation with a new information on the history, culture, art, and scientific and technological development of the Han Dynasty and before, and their historical and cultural research value is immeasurable. Especially after Qin Shi Huang burned books to pit Confucianism, a large number of Confucian classics were burned. The total word data of these bamboo records unearthed in the tomb is estimated to be as many as hundreds of thousands of words, and does it contain the content of the pre-Qin classics that were not burned? This reverie is envisioned, and I believe that when the secret is revealed, the whole world will be shocked!
A group of screen components depicting human figures unearthed from the tomb have inscriptions under the characters, and in addition to recognizing the names of celebrities such as "Confucius", "Yan Hui" and "Shu Liang qi", the words "born from the wild" can be clearly seen. Experts believe that this is the earliest image of the ancient Chinese sage Confucius found so far. This confirms that after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "deposed hundreds of families and respected Confucianism alone", the upper class in the middle and late Western Han Dynasty regarded Confucianism as a fashion, and the relevant research results will surely go down in history.
What is even more breathtaking is the large number of gold devices unearthed: before the main coffin was opened, more than 300 gold objects such as horseshoe gold, lin toe gold, and gold cake were unearthed, and the golden "gold cake" and "gold plate" were full of color and weight. According to legend, the horseshoe gold was specially cast for court rewards after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty conquered the Western Regions of Dawan, in order to show the merit of harvesting sweat and blood BMWs. Whoever has horseshoe gold means who has glory and grace. In the international cultural relics market, the same horseshoe gold, according to the auction price of China Guardian Auction Company in 2012, each piece was as high as 9.18 million yuan, and such horseshoe gold was unearthed in two sets of tombs in addition to the main coffin, totaling 48 pieces. The 20 gold plates found between the main coffin and the inner and outer coffins are the first discovery in the archaeological history of the Han tomb, and some experts believe that these gold plates may be rare "golden books", which were used for sealing ceremonies in ancient times and were important information about the status of the tomb owner.
In addition, a mountain of five-baht coins, more than a dozen tons, were unearthed in the treasury of the North Tibetan Pavilion. This archaeological discovery successfully obtained the important information that the Han Dynasty copper coins used a thousand texts as a basic unit, pushing forward the "thousand texts consistent" currency system forward by a thousand years. According to the analysis of experts, the number of copper coins weighing more than a dozen tons is as large as two million pieces, which is equivalent to one percent of the annual coinage of the country in the middle of the Han Dynasty. The owner of the tomb is full of wealth, which is amazing!
The tomb also unearthed a large number of exquisite bronzes, iron, jade, lacquered wood, ceramics, bamboo weaving, straw weaving, textiles, as well as wrong gold and silver, gold-clad, gilded carriage and horse ware, musical instruments, etc. Among them, there are more than 3,000 pieces of lacquered wood, more than 3,000 pieces of bronze and iron, and more than 500 pieces of jade, including gemstones, agate, turquoise, etc. In particular, the exquisitely made goose and fish lamps, wine utensils and other living utensils show the living conditions of the nobles above the ranks of the Marquis in the Western Han Dynasty and the superb level of handicraft technology at that time, and reproduce the colorful life of the Han Dynasty nobles in terms of clothing, food, housing, transportation, entertainment, etc., which has a breakthrough significance and value for in-depth understanding of the Western Han culture. The wisdom and creativity of the ancestors on display is amazing!
The number of gold and jade treasures in the tomb owner's burial products was called "the best archaeology of the Han Dynasty" by experts, which was enough to shock the world! And some of the burials can only be enjoyed by the Imperial Family. For example, in the real car and horse burial pit, gilded and wrong silver bronze carriage and horse tools with exquisite carvings were excavated, which are similar to the "Wang Qinggai Car" of the "Dragon Head Yoke" contained in the "Later Han Shu And Youfu Zhi", which provides information that the owner of the tomb is likely to be an imperial first-class figure.
How was the tomb discovered? Who would this noble and wealthy tomb owner be?
![In a small mountain village in Inner Mongolia, the "ground shakes the mountain", and the archaeological team excavated the tomb of the noble concubine, which is on a par with the Marquis of Haixia[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)