What the? The second star? Are you sure there is one in the solar system?

We live in a planetary system of eight planets orbiting a sun, and perhaps we're used to it. But looking at more planetary systems across the universe, having just one star is not the norm. In fact, a binary star system such as two stars orbiting a common point, or around their center of gravity, is a binary star system that is ubiquitous in the universe. This has caused many scientists to wonder, why is our sun independent? Or does the sun also have its "twin brothers"?

Perhaps having two stars so close in one system sounds unstable, but what's even more shocking is that there are even many planetary systems in the universe with more stars, which we call multi-star systems. Similarly, our universe has a similar binary black hole system, which consists of two black holes (sometimes supermassive black holes), similar to the binary star system, which also rotate around the same point, a phenomenon thought to have originated from the merger of galaxies long ago. Our sun also forms this way, and there are many studies that suggest that perhaps stars in the universe are formed in pairs, so let's introduce a study of perseus molecular clouds:

There is such a nebula in the universe, called the Perseid Molecular Cloud, which is home to many new stars less than 4 million years old. In 2017, a survey of the ages of stars in perseus molecular clouds seemed to suggest that every star, at least most, had a companion at the time of their birth.

So we draw an analogy to our sun, does it also have its twin brother? Of course, if it does have twins, where is its twin?

This question has given rise to many hypotheses, the most peculiar of which is the "Vengeful Goddess hypothesis". In 1984, two groups of physicists independently published an academic paper on Earth's periodic mass extinctions. One hypothesis is that these periodic extinctions were caused by comets hitting Earth less than 26 million years old, and that there must be some cause for these impacts. According to their research, the cause of these comet impacts is the Nemesis; Nemesis is the second star 1.5 light-years away from the Sun, and every 26 million years or so it perturbates distant stars in the Oort Cloud and throws them toward Earth.

In 1988, Richard Mueller (one of the physicists who studied the theory) even wrote a book on the subject called Vengeance: The Death Star.

The idea was that Nemesis must be a red dwarf or brown dwarf, both of which could only be seen through infrared technology and spectrographs, and that no such instrument had been developed in the 1980s.

Mueller acknowledges that with the development of technology, the existence of nemesis may or may be denied, but this conjecture cannot be confirmed at the beginning of the paper. For those who believe in the existence of Nemesis, it is the gravitational force of Nemesis that influences the path of an asteroid and leads to mass extinction. Today, the theory of "Nemesis" can no longer attract as much attention as it did before, and fewer and fewer people believe it after analysis and argumentation.

First, the theory is based on the fact that the cycle of mass extinctions on Earth averages once every 26 million years, and this basis is already controversial in itself and has never been proven. Second, while the extinction of dinosaurs in the late Cretaceous period is likely to be related to asteroid impacts, several dinosaur extinction events prior to this were not necessarily related.

Moreover, in fact, researchers are divided into opinions about how many mass extinction events there have been. Even the widely accepted "five mass extinctions" does not have a cycle of 26 million years, nor is it necessarily caused by an asteroid impact.

When we understand the theory of the Alt cloud, the scientific theory behind Nemesis seems even more untenable. The Oort Cloud is the most distant place in the Solar System, and objects outside of this are beyond the Gravitational Range of the Sun and are not affected by the Gravitational Pull of the Solar System. Although the Oort Cloud has not yet been directly observed, scientists and astronomers generally believe in its existence, and it is 2,000 astronomical units from the solar system and as far as 200,000 astronomical units, or about 3.2 light-years away. According to speculation, Nemesis Star is at a location 1.5 light-years away from Earth, an excellent location to influence the orbits of ice comets and asteroids in the Oort Cloud.

But is the Ault Cloud really so easily affected? Maybe that's not the case. Seventy thousand years ago, Schultz, a binary system of red dwarfs and a brown dwarf, broke into the solar system, and the nearest point was only 0.82 light-years from the center of the solar system, which is much closer to Binemsis. Schultz is real, about 22 light-years away, but it had little effect on comets when it visited the solar system at the time. A comet that breaks away from the Oort cloud and rushes to Earth will take millions of years to reach Earth, which is very sufficient time, but we have not yet found any trace of comets visiting Earth, and the peaks in the distribution of comets are usually explained as caused by "galactic tides".

If scholz's passage through the solar system didn't bring us disaster, it seems unlikely that the Nemesis Star would have had enough influence to allow comets in the Oort Cloud to collide with Earth in a twenty-six-hundred-year cycle through a large vacuum, and space is rarely so reliable and predictable. Of course, these theories did not stand up, and many scientific theories were rejected many years later, which is not Muller's fault. We have the advantage of infrared measurements today, and we have built specialized telescopes that can see beyond the visible spectrum for the search for red dwarfs and brown dwarfs.

Between 1997 and 2001, the Double Micron All-Sky Survey (also known as 2MASS) discovered a variety of new objects that we had never known before, unfortunately no Ethereum star was found. NASA's Wide Field Infrared Sky Survey Probe (WISE) has been collecting data since its launch in 2009. Again, however, this red dwarf star, about 1.5 light-years away from Earth, remains undiscovered, but WISE has discovered Luhman 16: it is made up of brown dwarfs we know, and is 6.5 light-years away. Logically, if we could observe Luhman 16 with our current telescope, then we should also be able to observe the nemesis star that has been difficult to find, but unfortunately, this discovery is more likely to be used by most science as evidence that the nephragmian star does not exist.

Still, we can't explain the absence of the Avengers. Assuming that the idea of stars forming in pairs is correct (and may not be true), even if the ethereum is unreal, then there must be some sun companion somewhere. But the simplest explanation is often the best, and there are now more and more scientists and cosmologists who believe that the sun formed with a companion star a long time ago, but that companion star is long gone. The same stars that show us in the Perseid molecular cloud how stars form in binary stars also suggest that it is possible for these stars to split and move away from each other, and that this phenomenon has been prone to occur at any time in the past 4.5 billion years since the formation of the Sun. With that in mind, the Sun's twins (if they exist) aren't necessarily the malicious, ominous power that the Vengeance Star suggests, which is why many believe it deserves a friendlier name.

But in the end, Nemesis was rarely talked about alone. It is often associated with Planet Nine, another mysterious object in the solar system that is said to affect distant comets. Those who believe in one of these theories tend to believe the others at the same time. One of the most outrageous theories is that there is little evidence that Planet Nine is actually orbiting Nemesis, like a copy of the entire solar system.

Another popular topic is about Sydena, which is related to these two hypothetically existing objects. Sedna is a distant miniature planet with an extremely abnormal elliptical orbit. For some proponents of Nemesis's star and planet nine theory, if Sedna was pulled so far from the sun because there was another star there, or at least because there was another planet controlled by that star, then Sythena's overall singularity could be explained. Of course, there are other theories that explain why Sedna's orbit is so unusual, including one that it was changed by an ancient rogue planet long ago.

But as long as there are unknowns, the theorists who support the existence of a second star have at least a glimmer of hope. Although current science is indeed detrimental to nemesis theory of the existence of nemesis. If it were real, it would have been detected in multiple infrared sky surveys over the past few decades. Still, "our sun once had a twin, and that twin could now be anywhere in the Milky Way, or somewhere more distant." "The idea is really exciting. The mysteries of the universe will always leave you stunned.

The Milky Way is a galaxy that includes our solar system. The name Milky Way describes what it looks like in the eye of an Earthling: a hazy band of light in the night sky formed by the convergence of many stars that cannot be distinguished by the naked eye. The term galactic is a translation of via lacteal in Greek, from the German word γαλακτικ κ κλο (galaktikos k k klos), meaning "milky white ring". [20] [21] [22] The Milky Way appears as bands from earth because we stand inside it to observe its disk-like structure.

In 1610, Galileo passed through a telescope to divide the bands of light emitted by the Milky Way into light emitted from different stars for the first time. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought the Milky Way encompassed all the stars in the universe. [23] Immediately after 1920, astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis engaged in a great debate over Edwin Hubble's observations, which showed that the Milky Way was only one of many galaxies.

The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy estimated to be observable in diameters between 100,000 and 200,000 light-years. Recent computer simulations suggest that the dark matter region also has a number of stars that can be observed, so estimates of the diameter of the Milky Way could be extended to nearly two million light-years. [12] [13] The Milky Way, which has several companion galaxies, is part of the local group of galaxies. The Local Group is part of the Virgo Superclanx. The Virgo supercluster itself is part of the Raniakea supercluster. 【25】【26】

Fy: Dipotassy, Wood (Sinan), Mes. Guan Qing