Confess your sins and God will give you a new life.
Human nature is a mirror, a bright mirror! Then feel self-pity for Mirror Guying!
Poverty is not a sin, and extreme poverty is a sin.
Things are sometimes done in ingenious and cunning ways, but the domination of action and the beginning of action are often chaotic, depending on various abnormal impressions, as if dreaming.
Man can torture sin from whiteness, and he can also torture whiteness from sin.
Social background, biography of the author
The story takes place in Petersburg in the mid-1860s. Russia had just abolished serfdom, and Russia was in a transitional period of rapid disintegration of the old system and the rapid development of capitalism. The aristocracy is decaying, bourgeois careerists and adventurers are on the social stage, and the people are living in abject poverty and have nothing to rely on.
Dostoevsky (1821-1881) came from a family of doctors. In the 1940s he was close to the great Russian revolutionary democrat Belinsky and joined the earliest revolutionary organization of progressive intellectuals in Russia. He was arrested in 1849 and sentenced to death, but pardoned by the Tsar only a few minutes before his execution. His experience on the execution ground, ten years of prison, hard labor and exile had a major impact on his body and mind.
However, because of his own experience, when writing this book, he can carefully portray and describe the psychology of criminals, the suffering, and the police.
First, the story synopsis
This is a confession about a criminal
I feel that this book is a cool article, poor college student Raskonnikov, desperate to kill. Killed the loan shark landlord and her sister.
After killing the landlord's sister, he did not dare to turn himself in and lived a life of trance all day. The fever was constant and the body trembled from time to time. Everybody hated him. Because he is partially mutilated in his humanity.
His family is also poor, and his mother and sister have a hard time, but their relationship is good. Raskonikov's sister Dunya has long been harassed by the landlord Sverigalov. To get rid of him, the sister almost had to sell herself to a man in his 20s.
Poor official Ramian Madov, impoverished and sick, his eldest daughter earns money by selling her body to her family. He was later killed by a carriage while drunk. Leaving behind several fleas-like children, his wife fell ill from poverty and had no money to heal and died. His children were adopted.
Sverigalov, who killed his wife for his own desires. Although he used money to fund the children of Ramay Madoff. Because of his deep sins, he shot himself.
In the end, with the help of his sister and girlfriend, the college student turned himself in to save his soul. Through the life of a Siberian slave, he awakened his own life.
Second, on the value
1. Freedom is knowing what cannot be done
In the context of the complete absence of contact with Nietzsche, Dostoevsky was able to point out in advance through Raskorkov that the view of the "gospel of the great men" corresponded to Nietzsche through the widespread and varied doctrines, which is why Dostoevsky and Nietzsche were both named "prophets of the age".
At first, he thought "... That's right... Man can dominate everything, but once he is timid, he cannot do anything... It's obvious... I really want to know, what are people most afraid of? What they fear most is taking a new step,"
In the early days of his exile in Siberia, he also had the theory of supermanship. He argues: "Of course, in this case, even many of the benefactors of mankind who have seized power themselves, not inheriting power, should be executed at the beginning of their cause." But those people succeeded, so they were right; and I, as for it, failed, so I have no right to take that step. "He used to do a lot of good deeds. Good and evil are against each other, and he can still live.
He once helped a student with tuberculosis while at school for half a year. After the student's death, he went to help the student's father. Give him a long-term doctor's visit until he dies.
A house on Pentagon Street was on fire. Raskonnikov rescued two children from the fire and injured himself.
Ramedov was single-handedly assisted by Raskonnikov during his final life. Give them living expenses. He gave them the little money he had for funeral expenses.
The reason why he was able to take the step of killing people was also because his madman's mind was at work. He believed that the thieves were princes. He equates political issues with life issues. Superman generally does things that rob the rich and help the poor, not kill other people's lives.
Schopenhauer famously said, "Man can do what he wants, but he cannot ask for what he wants." ”
I believe he was very clear in his thinking, but it was only because of his confusion at the time that he killed people.
No matter how crazy people think, they must also be responsible for their own actions. People are afraid of freedom, even if they don't want to take responsibility for their actions. Nietzsche's ideas harmed many people. No rules, no squares.
2, a gentleman loves money and has a way to get it
The sudden appearance and peculiar behavior of characters such as the landlord Sverigalov in the novel make the work full of tension from beginning to end, and the storyline twists and turns.
Several of the book's protagonists are dead. Life is desperate. There is no hope. Ramay Madoff's children were saved, out of the generosity of the bad guy Sverigalov. Human nature is complex.
He didn't love his wife. In the end, he poisoned him and cheated her money. When he was finally planning to go to The United States, he stayed in a small hotel at night. While sleeping, he said," "Wife, you show up." Then at night I kept having nightmares about a dead woman surrounded by flowers. Then I dreamed of a five-year-old prostitute who became a prostitute at the age of 5. He felt that the three views were ruined. Perhaps this also indicates that his life has run out of hope. He wanted to see hope in his dreams, and his subconscious had disappeared.
It turns out that there is a kind of wound in this world that can eat the heart and the bones. Called "confession without a door".
So the next morning, he shot himself in the square.
In this book, the main characters are these 5. All 3 of the lead actors are dead. Also the landlord and her sister. Raskonnikov was convicted of a felony. Went to Siberia for hard labor. His mother also died early.
Poverty eats everything. Extreme material deprivation deprives people of little human dignity.
Chai Jing: The possibilities of true human nature are endless. Good certainly exists, but evil can also always exist. Apologies may not be remedied, but harm may be forgiven, repentance may exist, may never be, cannot be enforced, and there is no point in forcing it.
Even if you escape the punishment of the law, you cannot escape your conscience.
3, without the mind, the body loses its meaning
Even if the novel does not consider the ideological content, if it is only from the plot point of view, it is enough to attract people. The whole book is full of suspense, conflict. Finally, when Raskonnikov went to see the landlord Galov for his sister, I was worried that he was going to kill again.
Finally, by describing a series of behaviors after a college student kills a person, the author uses the story to recreate the psychological suicide process of a murderer. This is consistent with Jungian psychology. After the criminal has killed someone, if he does not turn himself in or confess to the psychiatrist, he will be cut off from this society, and even his dog will dislike him.
One of Jung's patients, out of love, killed her sister jealously. No one knew, and she didn't tell anyone. After a long time, she refused to contact anyone in the world, even her dog hated her. Because her heart has no warm part.
Raskonnikov once severed ties with his mother and sister. Cut off his ties with his classmates. He even had to take Sonia on a long trip. Because he could not bear the torment of his inner conscience and morality. On the surface he had killed people, and then internally he evaded the condemnation of his conscience. Don't do remorse, repent! Then he would have to cut off relations with the one around him.
Wang Shuo: In front of a person who is crying bitterly, you cannot argue, only repent like a villain. After hearing Raskonnikov's story, Sonia cried in fear. He took out the Gospel and read it.
The author gives us a detailed portrayal of Raskonnikov from physiology to psychology. After the crime, he often had fevers, talked nonsense, and had nightmares. Then the body kept shaking. In the house he rented, he told several dreams about the details of his murder.
Yukio Mishima: If you translate all your backs into the sun, all the night into day, all the moonlight into daylight, all the dampness of the moss at night into the bright young leaves of the day, then I may stutter and repent of all this.