Every year from mid-to-late March to early April, the northern part of the mainland ushers in the pollen allergy season. In the originally vibrant and joyful spring, some people want to "snot a handful of tears".
According to statistics from a takeaway platform, the number of users who ordered allergy drugs through the Internet in the spring of 2022 increased by more than 500% compared with the same period last year.
Of all allergy drug orders, nearly 40% are sent to the office every day, and white-collar workers become a high incidence of allergies in the spring.
Don't look at allergies just sneezing, runny nose, if dragged without treatment, it is likely to cause damage to mucous membranes, skin and substantial organs, and even cause asthma in severe cases, life-threatening.
In today's increasingly common allergies, buying antisensitivity drugs has become an essential survival skill. "Life Times" (search for "LT0385" in WeChat to pay attention to) interviews experts to teach you to choose drugs according to your professional characteristics and physical condition, and scientifically reduce the allergens on your body.
Experts interviewed
Shi Haoqiang, deputy director of the Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Yu Bin, chief physician of the International Medical Department of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Zhang Yu, chief physician of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
5 types of allergens surround everyone
Spring pollen, dust mites, and haze are all very common allergens.
External factors: Long-term wearing of masks, long-term use of air purifiers and other habits, will make the respiratory tract accustomed to "too clean" environment, resulting in fragile respiratory tract, increased sensitivity.
Internal causes: Long-term overtime and staying up late will affect personal physique, and eventually change endocrine and hormone levels, making individuals more susceptible to allergies.
Allergens in life are everywhere, and there are 5 common ones.
1
Dust class
Such as pollen, willow wool, dust, mites, animal dander, oil smoke, paint, exhaust gas, gas, cigarettes and so on.
2
Food class
Milk, eggs, fish and shrimp, beef and mutton, seafood, animal fat, alcohol, anti-inflammatory drugs, green onions, ginger, garlic and some vegetables and fruits.
3
Daily contact class
Hot and cold air, ultraviolet rays, cosmetics, shampoo, dish soap, hair dyes, soaps, chemical fiber products, metal jewelry, bacteria, molds, viruses, parasites, etc.
4
Drugs (injections)
Penicillin, streptomycin, xenoseremia, etc.
5
Auto-tissue antigens
Mental stress, work stress, microbial infections, ionizing radiation, burns, trauma or infections.
Pharmacists teach you to choose anti-allergic drugs
Sneezing, snot, itchy eyes... Although allergy symptoms are troublesome, the drowsiness caused by anti-allergic drugs is even more tangled. In fact, the correct choice and use of anti-allergic drugs can reduce these side effects.
Chlorpheniramine
Not suitable for eating during the day
The first generation of antihistamines are chlorpheniramine, cyproheptadine, diphenhydramine, promethazine, etc., sedation and central nervous system adverse reactions are more obvious, after taking will appear drowsiness, fatigue, sluggishness and other symptoms.
After taking such drugs, you should avoid driving, precision instrument operation, work at height, etc. Prostate hypertrophy, glaucoma, hepatic and renal insufficiency and elderly patients should be used with caution.
Loratadine
The heart is not used with caution
The second generation of antihistamines include loratadine, cetirizine, asimidazole, terfenadine, etc., and the probability of drowsiness by eating such drugs is greatly reduced. However, asimidazole and terfenadine may affect the heart rhythm, especially when combined with ketoconazole and erythromycin.
Desloratadine
Side effects are mild and do not make drowsiness
The third generation of antihistamine drugs have desloratadine, levocetirizine, etc., with milder side effects and stronger antiallergic effects, but when taking it, attention should also be paid to observing symptoms, and abnormalities should be seen in time.
Ketotifen
Slower onset
Allergic reaction mediator blockers, also known as mast cell stabilizers, mainly have ketotefen, sodium cromoglycate, chromoxypropyl sodium, etc., often used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, allergic dermatitis and other diseases.
Such drugs have small side effects but slow onset of action, generally after taking continuous medication for 1 to 2 weeks, so it is necessary to be patient and regular to take the drug, not to be interrupted.
It should be noted that infants and young children less than 6 months old are generally not recommended to use any oral antiallergic drugs, children aged 6 months to 1 year old can take cetirizine or cetirizine or loratadine or orally according to medical advice, children over 6 years old can choose cetirizine, loratadine, levocetirizine, dosage forms can choose tablets or drops.
The need for long-term use of anti-allergic drugs can not be too specific, it is recommended to consult a doctor every month after a change of medicine, so as to avoid drug resistance.
Love allergies, go home and wash your face and nasal cavity immediately
People who are prone to allergies, go out and come home to wash their faces and noses at the first time, which can reduce the allergens on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes, and saline irrigation can also reduce the inflammatory response of the nasal mucosa.
Nasal cleaning method
Saline flushing of the nasal cavity is a very effective and safe adjunctive therapy.
Nasal saline should choose medical normal saline or sea saline, and it is not recommended to use table salt to configure yourself.
If you use the nose to absorb water directly to rinse and choke on water, it is recommended to purchase a special nasal wash. When using, lean forward appropriately, close to the pool, with the head slightly tilted to one side, and squeeze the brine from the nostrils on the higher side into the nasal cavity.
When the nose is not ventilated, you can relieve the symptoms by rubbing the acupuncture points, such as from the incense points on both sides of the nose, up to the root of the nose, the brow, up and down, up and down, do it once in the morning and once in the evening, which can effectively improve the nasal function.
Controlling the indoor humidity at 40% to 50% is conducive to protecting the respiratory mucosa; changing bedding every week, it is best to blanch it with water above 60 ° C and then wash it to help reduce allergens.
Usually go to places where air circulation is not smooth, when taking public transportation, try to choose the window position, so as not to stimulate the respiratory tract with perfume, gasoline, and other tastes.
Symptoms of pollen allergy should be treated promptly if they are not relieved for a long time. In addition to oral anti-allergic drugs, it is also clinically possible to use drugs such as hormones or inject anti-immunoglobulin (IgE) once a month for treatment. ▲
Editor: Jie Zhang
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