Text/Liu Liang
About one-third of a person's life is spent in sleep.
But "can't sleep at night, can't get up in the morning" is becoming a true portrayal of contemporary people's sleep problems.
What factors affect people's sleep? "3.21" is World Sleep Day, let's understand our sleep scientifically.
Nearly three-quarters of respondents had trouble sleeping
The "2022 White Paper on Healthy Sleep of Chinese Nationals" jointly released by the Chinese Sleep Research Association and other institutions shows that the sleep problem is a major problem for the current people. Through a sample survey and big data analysis survey, the white paper found that nearly three-quarters of respondents had experienced sleep distress.
Among them, the proportion of respondents who often have sleep troubles (the frequency of sleep troubles in the last three months is greater than or equal to three days a week) reached 12%; the proportion of respondents who occasionally had sleep troubles (the frequency of sleep troubles in the last three months is less than or equal to two days a week) reached 59.5%; and the proportion of respondents who have never been troubled by sleep was only 26.3%.
Another "China Sleep Research Report (2022)" released by the Institute of Social Research of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and other institutions shows that the sleep index of the Chinese people in 2021 is 64.78 points (on a percentage system), slightly higher than the passing level.
The report also found that people on the mainland did not sleep enough, with an average of 7.06 hours of sleep per day. 65% of those surveyed actually slept less than 8 hours a day, and only 8% slept 8 hours a day. Compared with ten years ago, Chinese people fell asleep more than two hours late, got up 37 minutes late, and slept nearly 1.5 hours less.
What affects our sleep? Two surveys pointed out that looking at mobile phones or surfing the Internet leads to sleep delays, and long work or study time crowds out sleep time.
The answer: Expected.
Young people become "staying up late champions" and the elderly "have trouble sleeping"
Different age groups face different sleep problems.
The white paper shows that the average sleep time of minors is only 7 hours; the average sleep time of people aged 25-60 gradually decreases with age.
In contrast, the average sleep time of "sunset red people" aged 61 and above rebounded slightly, but less than 6 hours accounted for more than 40%.
Among the respondents, 44% of young people aged 19-25 stayed up late until midnight and were well-deserved "champions of staying up late". 42% of the elderly sleep for more than half an hour, and the insomnia rate is as high as 21%.
From the perspective of the causes of sleep problems, "stress" is the common cause of poor sleep for all ages, but it is more prominent in the group of young people aged 26-45 - every two young adults who do not sleep well, there is a "stress mountain". The older you are, the easier it is to affect sleep due to physical health: 46% of the elderly surveyed aged 61 and older said they would not sleep well for reasons of physical health.
Compared with the elderly, young people have better sleep quality. The proportion of the elderly with very poor self-cognitive sleep quality is 9.7%, and the proportion of young people is only 4.2%. Young people spend significantly less time asleep than older people, and the rate of frequent insomnia in older people is significantly higher than that of young people.
In the view of Guo Xiheng, director of the China Sleep Research Association, the excessive pressure of the young and middle-aged groups is mainly closely related to study and work, while the elderly sleep lightly and are easy to wake up, and if they suffer from high blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the quality of sleep will be affected accordingly.
Jinyu, Anhui and Guangdong: The "Four Heavenly Kings" of the Nap Province
Surveys show that sleep problems also show certain differences in geography.
From the perspective of lunch break habits, more than 60% of the respondents in Shanxi, Chongqing, Anhui and Guangdong provinces often take lunch breaks, which is the top four with the highest proportion of nap provinces.
From the perspective of attention to sleep problems, respondents in first-tier and new first-tier cities have higher attention to sleep.
Comparison of different types of cities: cities in the third tier and below sleep faster and longer, and the average sleep time of residents exceeds 7.1 hours. Residents of first-tier cities go to bed at the latest, with an average time of about 11:30 p.m. The proportion of people with poor sleep quality in second-tier cities is significantly higher than in other cities.
From the perspective of sleep time in various provinces, the average sleep time of people in Tibet is the longest, with an average of 7.66 hours, followed by Xinjiang, Hebei, Inner Mongolia and Yunnan, with sleep duration of more than 7 hours.
In terms of sleep quality, people in Sichuan have the most "comfortable" sleep, and the average self-sleep cognition is the highest, followed by Chongqing, Tibet, Qinghai and Inner Mongolia.
How much money do you earn to sleep better?
Is the higher the income, the more "sit back and relax"? Not necessarily.
According to the white paper, from the perspective of income, as income increases, sleep duration gradually decreases. Moreover, in the income population, it is not that the higher the income, the higher the sleep score, the survey shows that the annual income of 300,000-500,000 yuan sleep score is the highest.
The white paper points out that stress is the number one reason why people with different incomes do not sleep well. However, specifically, different sources of pressure are different for different income groups. Among them, the incomeless people are more concerned about the sleep environment and emotional problems; among the 80,000-150,000 yuan annual income group, the impact of physical health on sleep is more obvious; the 500,000-1 million yuan annual income group is affected by more economic pressure.
In addition, with the acceleration of the pace of work in modern society, the pressure faced by many professionals is also increasing day by day. According to the China Sleep Research Report (2022), more than half of working people have experienced insomnia for 1 to 7 days in the past month. In addition, the overall sleep time of professionals is insufficient, and more than 60% of working people sleep less than 8 hours per night.
From: The country is a through train
Editor: Chen Haoxing
Editor-in-charge: Wei Xi