In our youth-themed films, there is never a lack of a topic - crowd flow.
"You at the same table", the hostess was bleeding heavily;
(Image source: Tencent Video)
"The Year of Hurry", the heroine chose not to use anesthesia when she beat the fetus;
A line in the originator of domestic youth films "Struggle" is the most heartfelt:
“
It is said that every girl has to do an abortion before the age of 30, I thought I was an exception, but I didn't expect to end up like everyone else.
”
There is such a set of data:
Globally, there are 40 million to 60 million abortions each year, of which 13% to 20% occur in Chinese mainland [1].
Of the abortions, 47.5% were women under the age of 25 and 49.7% were unmarried[1].
Many women lose their chances to be mothers because of abortion. Surveys show that infertility patients with a history of abortion account for 53.6% of all infertility [2].
Abortion has an impact on the woman's body and future pregnancies.
However, it may not be clear that this is a process from quantitative change to qualitative change.
There are two ways of surgical abortion, negative pressure aspiration and forced curettage.
Negative pressure suction is to use a plastic straw, inserted into the uterine cavity through the cervix, connected to the negative pressure suction device, like a vacuum cleaner, to suck out the embryos in the uterus. Suitable for uterus up to 10 weeks of gestation.
In the uterus at 11 to 14 weeks of gestation, the embryo is relatively large and requires forceps and scraping surgery. This is through the toothed forceps, the embryonic tissue in the uterus is clipped out piece by piece, usually with negative pressure suction.
To ensure that the embryonic tissue is cleared, the endometrium is sometimes scraped with a spatula, just as we dig up a watermelon with a spoon.
Every scoop is a damage to the endometrium.
As for the painless abortion, it is often packaged as "morning surgery, afternoon work, easy and trouble-free", in fact, it is the way to use intravenous anesthesia to let people sleep, and the pain is not felt during the operation.
However, the damage caused by the surgical steps to the uterus is not small at all.
There is also a superconducting visual painless abortion, that is, a tube with a camera is placed in the uterine cavity, and the situation inside the uterine cavity is seen through the monitor. The surgical method is still the same, but the chance of perforation or residue is relatively small.
Complications such as induced abortion syndrome, bleeding, uterine perforation, infection, incomplete miscarriage, and cervical trauma may occur during abortion surgery [3,4].
(Schematic diagram of uterine perforation.) Tencent Medical Code self-made)
Abortion syndrome refers to the sudden appearance of pallor, dizziness, chest tightness, sweating, and decreased blood pressure in pregnant women during surgery, which may be related to mental stress or inability to withstand the operation.
Therefore, before surgery, you should eliminate concerns or choose to perform surgery under anesthesia.
Abortion surgery can also cause some long-term complications, such as amenorrhea due to intrauterine adhesions, menorrhagia, and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. And these complications often lead to infertility.
(Schematic of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.) Tencent Medical Code self-made)
The uterus is the "soil" on which the embryo depends, and the adhesion of the uterine cavity makes the uterus "worsen the environment and overgrown with weeds", and the fertile soil becomes a wasteland. Embryos have difficulty taking root and sprouting, which in turn leads to infertility.
If you find that the menstrual volume decreases or even amenorrhea after abortion surgery, you must rush to the hospital to see if it is uterine adhesions.
Can't say that!
The timing of medical abortion is narrower, generally within 49 days of gestation. There is also a risk of major bleeding and pelvic infection, with an incidence of approximately 11.77% [3].
The success rate of a medical abortion is a little lower than that of surgery, but the procedure is relatively simple. The first two days can take medicine at home, the third day to the hospital to change the medicine observation, may appear dizziness and nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea, redness and other symptoms.
Image source: Stand Cool Helo
Most people have villous tissue excreted on the third day of taking the medicine, and may also be discharged after a few days. If it is discharged at home, it needs to be preserved and brought to the doctor to see.
If it has not been excreted after 8 days of medication, and the ultrasound examination shows that there is still residue in the uterine cavity, it is necessary to go to the hospital for uterine evacuation surgery.
Therefore, there is also a certain risk of medical abortion, and you must obey the doctor's arrangement.
Many people believe that abortion is a "small confinement" and should be rested. In fact, long-term bed rest can easily lead to blood accumulation in the uterine cavity and affect uterine contractions.
Proper activity can promote blood drainage, facilitate recovery, and can also detect some complications in time.
It is also not recommended to have surgery in the morning, go to work in the afternoon, or go home to rest for 1 to 2 weeks.
After a miscarriage, eat more protein- and vitamin-rich foods, such as lean meat, eggs, milk, fresh fruits and vegetables.
After the operation, we should pay attention to cleaning the vulva and leave no opportunity for bacteria to take advantage of.
It is possible to take a bath, but to shower, not to sit or tub, nor to rinse the vulva.
Penetrating panties, frequent change of underwear and sanitary napkins.
Do not share room until menstruation is restored.
Special author: Wang Mei | Deputy Chief Physician of gynecology department of Beijing Muslim Hospital
Review expert: Wang Qi | Chief Physician of the Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University
bibliography
Cheng Linan. The current situation and thinking of abortion in Chinese[J].Chinese Journal of Practical Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2012, 028(009):641-642.
Ma Qianhong, Han Ziyan. Effects of induced abortion on fertility function[J].Journal of Practical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2007, 023(007):389-391.
[LI Jun(Review),HAN Lihui(Reviewer).Complications of abortion[J].Chinese Journal of Family Planning, 2010(8):503.
Wang Shilang. How to prevent complications and adverse consequences of abortion[J].Journal of Practical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2005, 21(004):253-254.
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