#Shining Coordinates #Yunnan Luxi Anti-Japanese Famous General - Zhang Chong
Zhang Chong (1901-1980), formerly known as Shaoyu, also known as Weixin, Ziyunpeng, Yi, Yi surname Nina, a native of Xiaobukan (now part of Mile County), Yongning Township, Luxi County, Yunnan Province. Born on January 25, 1901 in Luxi County, Yunnan Province, Zhang Chong attended a private school as a child and later entered the township and county primary school.
In 1918, Zhang Chong went to Kunming to study. Influenced by Sun Yat-sen's ideas on the democratic revolution in the early 1920s, he participated in the "February 6 Coup" in Yunnan in 1927 and served as a brigade commander and division commander of the Yunnan Army. Leaning towards the Chinese Communist Party.
In June 1930, the Second Yunnan-Guizhou War broke out, Zhang Chong was ordered to fight in Guangxi, and in October, the soldiers were defeated and returned to Kunming. At the end of the year, he rescued Zhang Zhizhong, a member of the Yunnan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China who was arrested by Long Yun, providing an opportunity for him to later contact the Chinese Communist Party and eventually embark on the revolutionary road.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Yunnan Army formed the Sixtieth Army and went to the front line to resist Japan, and Zhang Chong served as the commander of the 184th Division of the Sixtieth Army. On the way, Zhang Chong secretly met with Generals Ye Jianying and Luo Binghui of the Wuhan Office of the Eighth Route Army in Hankou, accepted the CPC's propositions, and strengthened his determination to draw closer to the CPC. At the same time, he asked the Communist Party to send political workers to work in other units and founded the "Anti-Japanese Soldiers" newspaper, which expanded the influence of the Communist Party in his troops. The troops led by Zhang Chong were strictly disciplined and brave and good at fighting.
In the Battle of Taierzhuang, which was a mighty earthquake, he was a pioneer, firm and brave, and was admired by all the soldiers. When the battle had been fought for three days and three nights, and in the face of the well-equipped, ferocious and stubborn Japanese army, the soldiers could hardly resist the moment, Zhang Chong stood on a high place and shouted loudly, "I am the division commander Zhang Chong, don't run." Our Dian army is very prestigious in the Yasukuni and protectorate countries, famous all over the world, and has a glorious tradition, and if we can't even win a little Japan, our Dian army's face will be lost. I'm the division commander, and if I retreat, you'll shoot me. Whoever of you wants to retreat, I will shoot you. Do you dare to charge the division commander?" Dare!" Shout in unison below. For a time, morale was boosted, and the soldiers jumped up under the leadership of Zhang Chong, and entered the enemy position with unstoppable momentum, and finally won the battle of Taierzhuang.
In April 1938, the 60th Army marched to Xuzhou and entered the second phase of the Battle of Xuzhou. The 184th Division led by Zhang Chongsuo held yuwangshan near Xuzhou for 27 days and nights, thwarted many attacks by the Japanese Kou, played the prestige of the Dian army, and greatly increased the morale of the Chinese people. According to the newspaper records at that time, "the Dian army fought a bloody battle and showed its might." A Japanese newspaper also admitted: "Since the beginning of the war with the Chinese army in September 18, it is really rare to encounter a fierce charge from the Dian army." The 60th Army of the Dian Army threw 35,123 combatants and suffered 18,844 casualties, more than half of the number of people put into battle. The battle of Yuwang Mountain near Xuzhou earned Zhang Chong the title of "Famous Anti-Japanese General".
In 1938, he participated in the Battle of Taierzhuang and was promoted to commander. Because of his active resistance to japan, he was removed from his post as commander in 1939. Use your spare time at home to devote your energy to construction. In 1940, the water conservancy projects in Mile and Luxi counties were built. Donated funds to establish "Yunpeng Library" (Luxi), Guishan Primary School (Luxi), Xishan Primary School (Maitreya), Luxi Normal School, etc.
In 1942, he was appointed commander of the Second Route Army of the Yunnan Army. In 1945, he went to Yan'an. He joined the Communist Party of China in February 1947. During the yan'an retreat, he was sent by the Party Central Committee to the northeast front. He successively served as a senior senator of the headquarters of the Northeast People's Liberation Army and vice chairman of the Songjiang Provincial People's Government.
After the liberation of Yunnan, he served as vice chairman of the People's Government of Yunnan Province, member of the Southwest Military and Political Committee, deputy director of the Southwest Nationalities Committee, and chairman of the Liangshan Provisional Military and Political Committee. Going deep into the border areas and liangshan and other minority areas has played a special role in the smooth progress of local democratic reform and socialist transformation.
After 1954, he served as vice governor of Yunnan Province, director of the Yunnan Provincial Nationalities Commission, member of the Yunnan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Yunnan Provincial People's Congress. He was elected as a deputy to the First to Fifth National People's Congress, served as vice chairman of the Nationalities Committee of the National People's Congress, and was elected as a member of the First and Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and served as vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
After 1956, Zhang Chong was mainly committed to the cause of socialist construction. He inspected the hydropower undertakings in various parts of Yunnan Province and the water conservancy undertakings throughout the country on many occasions, gradually formed a complete set of ideas on water conservancy construction, put forward a complete set of plans for harnessing the Jinsha River and the Tiger Leaping Gorge, and selflessly threw himself into the cause of water conservancy construction. The Yunpeng Hydropower Station was named after General Zhang Chong's epithet "Yunpeng".
Zhang Chong has crossed the steep Tiger Leaping Gorge 9 times, put forward positive suggestions for the development of the Jinsha River, and formed the idea of "using directional blasting, building a giant dam with extra high and thick piles, and building a giant water conservancy hub". According to Zhang Chong, this idea has five major characteristics: no foundation, no anti-seepage body, no diversion, no flood discharge or less flood discharge, no fear of earthquakes and air raids, less investment, and low efficiency.
In April 1978, Zhang Chong made his ninth expedition to Tiger Leaping Gorge, and soon after his tenth expedition to Sichuan Ferry (now Panzhihua City) to find an ideal hydropower station site for Dukou City. However, during this expedition, he fell ill and was sent back to Beijing for treatment, where he was diagnosed with advanced cancer.
On October 30, 1980, Zhang Chong passed away at the age of 80. According to his last wishes, the ashes were scattered in the Tiger Leaping Gorge. Moving from patriotism to communism and fighting ceaselessly for the cause of communism is the road that Zhang Chong has traveled and the final summary of Zhang Chong's life.
Zhang Chong and Zhou Enlai