Unconsciously, our explanation of Yan Zhenqing's "Twelve Meanings of Shu Zhang Changshi's Brushwork" is nearing the end. Earlier we talked about Yan Zhenqing asking Zhang Xu to teach him penmanship many times, but Zhang Xu did not tell him until this time in Luoyang; then the two masters and apprentices explained the twelve ways of using pens in the way of one question and one answer.
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Next, this article will explain the most important part of the text: meet these five conditions, your calligraphy can catch up with the ancients!
Yan Zhenqing said: "Fortunately, Changshi was taught penmanship, and dared to ask the magic of attacking books, how could he get the Qi ancients?" ”
After Zhang Xu and Yan Zhenqing's Q&A, Yan Zhenqing threw out a question: How can we reach the height of the ancients?
It is reasonable to say that at this time, Yan Zhenqing has already obtained the key to penmanship, go back to practice, there is no reason to ask further, but there is a saying called "the more you read the more you feel the lack of knowledge", it is precisely because he knows the penmanship, he is not ashamed to ask, and the opportunity is rare.
In fact, the teacher does not like the problem of students, especially the problem of flaunting the sages and celebrities, but Teacher Zhang Xu did not show impatience, but said that it is enough to meet the five conditions, so what about the five conditions?
First, "In writing, make the circle turn, do not make the restraint." ”
To make the pen round, you can't bend and stretch. Here does not say whether the specific pen is five fingers or two fingers, but it is said to make the pen round, it can be seen that there is no fixed way of writing in ancient times, Su Dongpoyun: "There is no fixed method for writing, but it makes the void and wide." That's what it says.
The premise of circular rotation is that the fingers and wrists are flexible, and only flexible can they be retracted freely, on the contrary, the fingers grasp the pen tube and the wrist is rigid and do not move, and it is impossible to achieve a round turn. Some people say that during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wang Xizhi asked his son Wang Xianzhi to ask his son Wang Xianzhi based on whether he could pull out the brush, which seems to be just a legend. Since it is vain and wide, it is not a dead grip on the pen tube, Dong Qichang's "Painting Zen Room Essay": "The difficulty of covering the pen is difficult to use, it is difficult to be energetic; and the strength is not the word of angry pen Wood Qiang." "That's the same thing.
Flexible writing is the premise of writing well, and how to write is only a means, and it must not be reversed. Therefore, as long as you can turn around flexibly, there is no need to worry about whether it is five fingers or two fingers.
Second, "In the penmanship, it is said that the tips are passed on orally, do not make it unrestrained, the so-called penmanship is also there." ”
To know and understand the penmanship, that is, the skill of oral transmission, cannot be without the law, so that the penmanship is there.
Oral transmission is zhang Xu's "twelve meanings", which can also be said to be verbal transmission; hand teaching is "people or those who ask for penmanship, they all laugh, that is, to cursive writing, or three papers, five papers", which can also be said to be teaching by example.
"Painting Zen Room Essay": "To write a book, you must lift the pen, and you cannot trust the pen." "Don't make the infinite degree" is what Dong Qichang said about the "untrustworthy pen", which is the same as Sun Guoting's "let the pen be the body, and gather ink to form". In other words, the pen must be controlled in the hand, and it cannot be spread on the paper and the pen can be written wherever it swims.
When the Great King Zhi'an calligraphy
Third, "it lies in the arrangement, not slow and not crossed, and it is appropriate." ”
It is necessary to intend to write first, and before writing, how much to write and how much to write, you must have a good idea, and you can't think about it when you can't write, and you can't write without thinking.
"Coincidence" is not a coincidence, but just right. "Just in time" means that the arrangement is just right. When the calligrapher is creating, he first examines the content to be written, then looks at the size of the paper, and finally writes, and the process is the arrangement.
The layout is relatively holistic, because there are many things in the writing process that are difficult to predict, such as the original plan to write eight or nine words in one line, and the result is that you can only write seven words in a large writing, so you have to get it back from the back. Absolutely how much to write, how much to write, that is not the arrangement, but the contrivance and arrangement.
Contemporary Liu Jingwen calligraphy
Fourth, "Pen and paper are excellent. ”
It is necessary to have fine pen, good paper, and good ink. I wonder how those who think that "good writers do not choose pens" feel?
In fact, a good writer must first of all be a person who is good at distinguishing between brushes, rice paper and ink. It is often said that "if you want to do a good job, you must first use it", if there are no good tools and materials, how can you create high-quality products? In the case of fishing rods, there is an upper limit to high-quality carbon cloth rods that can be broken, while low-quality rods can be broken at any time.
Two wolf pens, a real wolf, and a nylon imitation wolf, no matter how high the level of the writer, the effect of using the latter is far less than that of writing with the former. Of course, if you think you have reached or surpassed Wang Xizhi's level, you can ignore these things.
Contemporary Xu Youbing calligraphy
Fifth, "Be flexible, indulge, and have rules." ”
It is necessary to be flexible at the right time, absolutely not to stay what should not be left, absolutely not to lose what should not be lost, all have rules.
A word has more than one posture and has multiple postures, and a word has more than one way of writing but has multiple ways of writing, which must be adapted to local conditions in a timely manner.
Take the characters in Wang Xi's ruler as an example, the "Xi" characters in the posts such as "Kong Shi Zhong Ti", "Qing Ti when The Snow Is Fast", and "Feng TangErine Tie" are all lines of writing, some are left and right oblique, some are left and right, some are written on the top, some are written on the top, some are written two horizontal, some are disconnected below, and some are connected, and none of the postures and writing methods are the same, but they appear to be very coordinated. This is to be flexible and to give up the shackles.
Finally, Zhang Xu said: "The five are prepared, and then they are all in the ancients." "Meet these five conditions, and then your calligraphy will be on par with the ancients."
Yan Zhenqing met these five conditions, so he later became a leading calligrapher, and he achieved the same shoulder with the ancients, and in some places may have surpassed the ancients.
(Text: Wang Chengxiang)
Original text: "Fortunately, The Long History of Meng taught the penmanship, and dared to ask the magic of attacking the book, how could it be the Qi ancients?" "The magic lies in the writing, so that the circle is turned, do not make the restraints; secondly, in the penmanship, that is, the skill of oral transmission, do not make the so-called penmanship in the same; secondly, the arrangement, not slow and not crossed, the coincidence is appropriate; secondly, the paper and pen are exquisite; secondly, it is flexible, indulgent, and salty has rules." The five are prepared, and then they are all in line with the ancients. ”