Wang Jian, the tomb master of Yongling, was a monarch during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and he was brave and good at war. In the melee at the end of the Tang Dynasty, he gradually occupied a large area, and in 907 AD, he was proclaimed emperor, the state of Shu was established, and the capital was Chengdu, and 11 years later, Wang Jian died of illness and was buried in Yongling.
The architectural form of Yongling is quite distinctive, the soil is a mausoleum, and the mausoleum is round, which has changed the tradition of the previous mainland imperial tombs being square as precious, and the tombs are more do over-the-bucket style, creating the precedent of circular tombs in later generations.
Yongling is the only tomb known to be built on the surface, the tomb of Yongling is a brick and stone structure, that is, 14 roads are first laid on the flat land, and then a green brick arch is laid, and the above is formed in layers of rammed earth to form a circular mausoleum.
This construction method may take into account the waterproof problem of the burial chamber, the straight wall of 6 meters thick on both sides of the tomb and the three-meter thick Diamond wall on the north side, as well as the top 14 thick protective arches, are all built by giant green brick masonry, forming a solid mausoleum protection system, which can be described as impregnable.
The layout of the tomb chamber, divided into front, middle and rear three rooms, between the three rooms, with the wooden door as the partition, the front room as the envy road, the middle room with a coffin bed, the upper coffin, the back room stone bed placed Wang Jian stone statue and the treasure, the book of mourning, the mourning book and other funerary ritual instruments, the internal layout of the tomb, high and low, dense, so that the entire space, appear tall and spacious, Yongling's structure, quite in line with the principle of architectural mechanics, can be called in ancient Chinese architecture, the model of mausoleum architecture.
There is also no shortage of masterpieces unearthed in the Yongling Tomb, among them, there are national treasure-level cultural relics, stone carved Wang Jian statue, which is the only ancient emperor's true face statue preserved in the mainland to this day.
The stone statue is a red sand stone round carving, 86 cm high, dressed in brocade robes, wearing a pu head, a jade belt around the waist, and leather boots. The carving techniques are realistic and realistic, and the carving skills are exquisite and expressive, which is quite consistent with the image of Wang Jian recorded in historical documents.
It is said that Wang Jian built a stone statue for himself because he believed in Taoism, and he believed that such a stone statue would prolong the life of the living when placed in the tomb.
The stone carvings also unearthed, there are also 24 reliefs of maiko, of which 22 are maiko, 2 maiko, and 23 musical instruments, which can be divided into three categories: plucking, blowing, and percussion, including traditional instruments of the Han people, instruments of ethnic minorities, and even musical instruments from foreign countries.
This is a kind of cultural relics of the same era in the mainland, the music and dance scene ZUI is large, the performance of musical instrument types ZUI many stone carved instruments, it with realistic techniques, meticulous portrayal, the local music and foreign music integration, showing that period, the grand scale and magnificent scene of court music and dance, has a high research value.
It is said that one night three years before Wang Jian's death, his harem suddenly caught fire, and the fire destroyed countless treasures, but only one piece of treasure was still intact.
Later, this piece of precious jade was regarded as a sacred object by Wang Jian, and it was carved into a jade belt to wear on his body, and after Wang Jian's death, the jade belt was also brought into the Yongling Tomb as a burial object.
At the time of excavation, the jade belt was packed in a silver bowl, which may have been forgotten by the tomb robbers.
Its carving area reaches 50 square centimeters, consisting of two sections of belts, a pair of silver buckles, seven squares of jade and a piece of jade thallium tail, which is the only complete set of jade belts known today during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of the Tang Dynasty.
In the Yongling Tomb, a piece of the treasure with the name of Wang Jianyu was also unearthed.
The title is the title of the emperor after his death, and the title of the emperor is the seal engraved with the emperor's name.
The title is engraved on the imitation of the seal used by the emperor before his death, as a martyrdom, indicating that the owner of the tomb enjoys supreme rights in Hades and, like the world.
The height and width of Yongling Yubao are about 10 centimeters, and it has a peculiar rabbit head dragon body shape, breaking the traditional zodiac, dragon and rabbit taboo avoidance, which is particularly rare.
According to research, this strange shape is because Wang Jian himself belongs to the rabbit, he was born in the cold door, after decades of conquest, he only ascended the throne at the age of 60 to become the emperor, that year is also the year of the rabbit, so he made the jade seal into a rabbit head dragon body, in order to feel his own life, which can be described as profound.
Also of precious historical value is the Book of Lamentations, which is another treasure in the yongling royal relics.
The book of lamentations, made up of 51 simple names of jade, is made up of each length, 3.5 centimeters wide, and about 2 centimeters thick, and the book is engraved with about 700 words of Taoist words, and the words contained in the words of Wang Jian's death, burial period, the year number of former Shu, the tomb number of Yongling and the heirs, are consistent with the historical books, and are direct evidence to determine the identity of the tomb owner.
The process of excavation and protection of Yongling is long and bumpy.
When the Yongling Tomb was excavated, it was the fierce stage of the Anti-Japanese War ZUI, and the transfer of cultural relics was a difficult process.
Later the founding of New China, W D Revolution M swept the country, in the eyes of H Wei B, these national treasures have become the four olds they want to break, and face the disaster of extinction, when the national disaster is the head, there will always be some people brave to stand up, so our national treasures can be handed down from generation to generation, and with the advancement of history, emitting more and more dazzling brilliance.
Dear friends, what do you think about this article? Feel free to leave a comment below.
Your support is what motivates me to write, if you like this type of story, please follow me, the next article is more exciting!