IVF is a high-end complex medical technology, long treatment cycle, many process steps, each link needs to be strictly operated, any mistake may lead to the failure of the entire IVF, so this technology on the doctor's technical level and clinical experience requirements are very high, at the same time, in order to ensure the success rate of IVF, couples who choose to do IVF pregnancy must also arrange the time to enter the cycle, do a good job in various preparations, in order to ensure that the steps during the IVF can be carried out smoothly.
Hengjian Overseas said that it is necessary to prepare in advance to do IVF and understand the basic principles of IVF technology, including the understanding of the treatment process and time at various stages of the cycle. Because some of the time points in IVF treatment are very important, which time points in the IVF process are the most critical and important?
One: IVF treatment process steps
1. Ovulation induction
In the natural cycle, each woman has only one dominant follicle to develop each month, and only one embryo can be formed after fertilization, while the pregnancy rate of transferring one embryo is very low. Therefore, in order to improve the success rate of IVF, it is necessary to use Y to control ovulation, enhance and improve ovarian function, and promote the co-development of multiple follicles, so as to obtain multiple high-quality eggs and cultivate them into multiple available embryos for subsequent transfer.
2. Monitor the follicle stage
Patients in the ovulation promotion phase need to travel to and from Hospital Y for follicle monitoring, with the aim of monitoring the response and effect of ovarian medication and determining the time of egg retrieval. Depending on the size of the follicle and with a blood draw to check the E2 value (estrogen), adjust the dose with Y. When the follicle diameter is greater than 18 mm and the number of follicles above 14 mm is comparable to the E2 value, human villonic gonadotropin (HCG) can be injected to promote the maturation of the follicle. After the injection of HCG, 34-36 hours can enter the egg retrieval stage.
3. Egg retrieval and sperm retrieval
The IVF center uses intravenous ma drunken egg retrieval, and during the operation, the vaginal ultrasound is guided, and the egg retrieval needle is passed through the vaginal vault and directly to the ovaries to suck the eggs. At the same time as the woman takes the egg, the man takes the sperm, the man generally abstains from sex for 7 days before the sperm extraction, and the hand Y method is taken on the day of the sperm retrieval. In case of difficulty in sperm retrieval, the man needs to contact the medical staff in time.
4. In vitro insemination
The sperm and eggs are separately retrieved and sent to the laboratory for processing, and the treated sperm and eggs are placed in the same Petri dish for co-culture, and the fertilization is observed under the microscope. If sperm and eggs can "love freely", the first generation of IVF fertility is feasible. If the sperm quality is poor and it is impossible to fertilize naturally, the "lalang match" method is adopted, using intracytoplasmic sperm microinjection (ICSI), the second generation of IVF technology, to help the egg fertilize.
5. Embryo transfer
On the day of the transfer, the Y student will decide to transfer 1 to 2 embryos according to the patient's age, past medical history and pregnancy history, as well as factors such as embryo quality, and the remaining embryos can be cryopreserved. Embryo transfer methods are divided into three types: fresh embryo transfer, frozen embryo transfer and blastocyst transfer, and which method to use depends on the patient's physical condition.
6. Pregnancy test on the 14th day after transplantation
Luteal support is performed after embryo transfer, and on the 14th day, blood is drawn to the hospital to test HCG to determine whether to be pregnant. If pregnant, continue luteal support. If you are not pregnant, stop the luteal support and wait for menstruation. If there are frozen embryos, frozen embryos can be transplanted after the body recovers.
In the entire treatment process of IVF, the average patient does not have to be admitted to the hospital for treatment, only need to return to the hospital for relevant treatment at the necessary time point, so the patient must remember the important time points in the cycle!
Two: 10 key time points in IVF treatment
1, IVF before the examination is very important, before the examination requires the man to abstain from sex for 2-7 days, the woman's first visit is preferably the 2-5 days of menstruation or 2-5 days after menstruation clean.
2. On the 10th day of menstruation, the growth of the follicle in its natural state begins to be monitored, and the ovulation induction is begun, and the follicle development is monitored at any time while using drugs to promote ovulation.
3. When entering the IVF cycle, it is necessary to monitor the development of follicles, and generally return to the hospital once every 2-3 days.
4. When the monitoring finds that the follicle size reaches the standard, immediately stop using ovulation-promoting drugs, and stop injecting HCG on the same day as ovulation-promoting drugs.
5. After 34-36 hours after the injection of HCG, the eggs are retrieved by post-vaginal dome puncture under ultrasound guidance, and the eggs are hospitalized for observation for a period of time before returning home.
6. Sperm extraction time, the man takes sperm on the day of the woman's egg retrieval, generally 5 to 7 days before the woman's egg retrieval, the man needs to discharge sperm once.
7. In vitro insemination and embryo transfer, sperm and eggs are fertilized in vitro, and when the fertilized eggs are cultured in the embryonic laboratory for 3-5 days, embryo transfer can be carried out.
8. Blood hCG test on the 14th day after successful embryo transfer determines whether to be pregnant.
9. Return to the hospital 28 days after embryo transfer for ultrasound and hormone level examination, check the pregnancy situation, and understand the number of fetal sacs and fetal heartbeat beats.
10. After the successful pregnancy of IVF, there is no difference between the normally conceived baby, and regularly go to the Y hospital for prenatal examination to understand the development of the fetus.